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Thanks, Kristin.  Some of these sources are reminders of the fluidity of the terms "humanist" / "humanism."  The term can be used of 1. "devotion to the humanities." 2. "devotion to human welfare" (as in the case of Obsheroff's social activism). 3. "a doctrine, attitude, or way of life centered on human interests or values; especially:  a philosophy that usually rejects supernaturalism" (as in the case of americanhumanist.org).  As well as the humanistic theory or model of education.  They are terms with interesting, polyvalent connotations.
Paul

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devotion to the humanities : literary culture; the revival of classical letters, individualistic and critical spirit, and emphasis on secular concerns characteristic of the Renaissance; devotion to human welfare : humanitarianism... See the full definition

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I also found some information stating that Piaget used humanist theory (specifically Locke and Kant) in creating his own. Specifically, they share these principles:

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I also found some information stating that Piaget used humanist theory (specifically Locke and Kant) in creating his own. Specifically, they share these principles:

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1. The feelings of people and the affect qualities are raised to the highest level

2. The focus of human activity is on purpose

3. Learning must lead to personal growth

4. The spontaneity and play spirit of the child is emphasized

- Kristin

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This is a really nice source. I didn't realize that there was an entire organization dedicated to upholding these values. I also liked their definitions page (https://americanhumanist.org/what-is-humanism/definition-of-humanism/) and that they included other definitions of humanism along with the "agreed upon" definition by their board of directors- so humanist!

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This is a really nice source. I didn't realize that there was an entire organization dedicated to upholding these values. I also liked their definitions page (https://americanhumanist.org/what-is-humanism/definition-of-humanism/) and that they included other definitions of humanism along with the "agreed upon" definition by their board of directors- so humanist!

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- Kristin

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6 min introduction to humanistic theory, including the famous humanist psychologist Carl Rogers.

- Kristin

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Humanistic theory | Behavior | MCAT | Khan Academy

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American Renegade: Confessions of a Radical Humanist

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American Renegade: Confessions of a Radical Humanist

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A longer documentary from Filmakers Library Online on the life of Abe Obsheroff and his pursuit of social justice, (you have to log in with your UWM username/password).

Reading through the transcript of the video provides some insight into his views as well.

-Kristin

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Homer's Odyssey and Humanistic Education: Towards a Theory of the Humanities

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Homer's Odyssey and Humanistic Education: Towards a Theory of the Humanities

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Quote from the abstract: "The Odyssey provides material for humanistic education's broadest subject areas: man's responsibility to himself, his family, and his society."

Argues that The Odyssey is, " the best source of working and much-needed prescriptive definitions for humanism, humanist, humanities, and their relation to humanistic education" (p. 4).

Source:
Boland, C. J., & Claremont Graduate School, C. (1978). Homer's Odyssey and Humanistic Education: Towards a Theory of the Humanities.

-Kristin

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Humanistic Psychology, Learning and Teaching The "Whole Person"

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Humanistic Psychology, Learning and Teaching The "Whole Person"

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Journal on Educational Psychology
The author Jan D. Sinnott describes 3 case studies where a humanistic approach was used:

Case 1- Rural development project in Honduras

Case 2- The creation of a class called the Psychology of Aging

Case 3- Creating a grading system with college students for the semester.

Concluded that, "the fragmentation and rapid change in present society makes the humanistic approach rather useful" (p. 63).

Also used the metaphor "'the dance that creates the larger story'" (p. 63) when describing how humanistic education impacts students.

Source:
Sinnott, J. D. (2008). Humanistic Psychology, Learning and Teaching The "Whole Person". Journal On Educational Psychology, 1(4), 56-64.

-Kristin

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Great question, Darcie.  I found a website that argues that Piaget's theory (associated more with cognitive/ constructivist views) can inform adult education in some facets.  Here it is:
https://cognition-perception-senses.knoji.com/the-impact-of-piagets-learning-theory-on-adult-education/
Paul

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Is Piaget's theory really very helpful when talking about IL for adults? Adults are (ideally) at the last stage of development of critical thinking according to Piaget.
--Darcie

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Thanks, Darcie, for the overview chart.  It's very helpful in providing a snapshot of comparison.
Paul

Of course, you're welcome! It was helpful to me as I was reading through everything. (On another note, you'd think there'd be a way to add comments to these things in Padlet, wouldn't you?) --Darcie

I was thinking the same thing . Like little highlighted notes on the side of the box, without it going behind the original. That would have been helpful. -Katrina

I agree with your comments, on the way we can comment here. As I was the last to post content to the Padlet, it was hard to see which comments went with what content. It would be nice if they could connect or at least lock once they are on the screen. - Kristin

Also, thanks for the handy chart Darcie.- Kristin

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This hierarchy really hits home with the students I service. They have a hard time learning because the go through a lot of trauma and have many obstacles in their way. They sometimes struggle to get to the bottom of this hierarchy, which makes it almost impossible for them to learn using their full potential.

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This hierarchy really hits home with the students I service. They have a hard time learning because the go through a lot of trauma and have many obstacles in their way. They sometimes struggle to get to the bottom of this hierarchy, which makes it almost impossible for them to learn using their full potential.

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Katrina

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I liked how this video stressed the importance of learning being "active" and not "passive" and how students and adults benefit from discussing ideas.

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I liked how this video stressed the importance of learning being "active" and not "passive" and how students and adults benefit from discussing ideas.

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Katrina

I also liked this as a quick introduction for teachers on how to incorporate the humanistic model in the classroom. I like how it mentioned the importance of reflection and discussion.
-Kristin

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Our Grassian and Kaplowitz text emphasizes that the humanist model entails "learner-centered teaching" (pp. 38-39).  Because the founders of the humanist model (such as Maslow and Rogers) especially flourished in the 50s, 60s, and 70s, we may unwittingly view the model's principles as passé.  The specific notions of "learner-centered teaching" and "student-centered learning" are very much with us today, however.  The video below, produced in 2015 by Horizon Santé-Nord (Health Sciences North), reveals the contemporary relevance of a "student-centered learning" strategy:
Paul

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Psychology of Learning: Comparing Three Theories

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Psychology of Learning: Comparing Three Theories

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As I was reading chapter 3 of Information Literacy Instruction, I scrawled a little table to help me keep track of the three theories of learning being described. I typed it up for sharing purposes. It's not exhaustive, of course, but I found it to be helpful.
--Darcie

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Student-centered teaching as encouraged at San Francisco State University

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Student-centered teaching as encouraged at San Francisco State University

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https://ctfd.sfsu.edu/content/student-centered-teaching
--Darcie

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According to Andrew P. Johnson in his book  Education Psychology: Theories of Learning and

Human Development

(National Science Press, 2014), the the following are goals or key principles of humanist education:
1. Students’ learning should be as self-directed as possible.

2. The subject matter to be learned should be relevant to the personal interests of the students.

3. The full spectrum of the human experience should be included in the educational experience.

4. Schools should produce students who want to learn and know how to learn.
5. Students learn best in a non-threatening environment.

Johnson has web-distributed a key excerpt of his book, from which this list is drawn (linked below):
Paul

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This chapter excerpt describes the basic tenets of Humanistic Learning Theory. According to this theory, the goal of education should be human development and personal growth (as opposed to higher test scores). Focus on these will naturally increase

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Andragogy-the art and science of teaching adults developed by M. Knowles (McKenna)

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Andragogy-the art and science of teaching adults developed by M. Knowles (McKenna)

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-adults have a vast range of experience, which forms a basis for new learning
-pedagogical methods are not appropriate in adult education
-adults need to be able to apply what they have learned
-adults have a wealth of personal and life experiences that should be used in education
-adult learning involves an investment of self and any new learning will affect that self concept
-adults are mostly self-directed and their education should accommodate this
-relationship of teacher and student should be one of mutual respect
-the students' experiences counts for just as much as the teachers' knowledge

Katrina

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 How can I possibly allow the students to study whatever takes their fancy?’-McKenna

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 How can I possibly allow the students to study whatever takes their fancy?’-McKenna

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In order to decrease student anxiety and frustration at not being spoon-fed, there is a need for a perceived structure in the form of limits and minimal requirements. This gives enough direction for work to commence, thus ensuring that the content requirements of the curriculum are fulfilled, but the process remains free.

Katrina

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Learning theories made easy: humanism               by Gilean McKenna

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Learning theories made easy: humanism               by Gilean McKenna

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-teacher is primarily concerned with permitting the students to learn by feeding their own curiosity
-students are given freedom and responsibility
-teacher must genuinely value, accept and empathetically understand the students to allow a trusting relationship to develop
-teacher is a "facilitator" and not a "teacher" or "evaluate"
-members of the class, including the teacher, become a community of learners
-if teachers control too much of the learners' educational experience, they limit the amount of personal growth that could occur
http://journals.rcni.com/doi/pdfplus/10.7748/ns.9.31.29.s32

Katrina

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-A principal purpose of education is to provide learning and an environment that facilitate the achievement of the full potential of students.

-Personal growth as well as cognitive growth is a responsibility of the school. Therefore education should deal with both dimensions of humans

—the cognitive or intellectual and the affective or emotional.

-For learning to be significant, feelings must be recognized and put to use.

-Significant learning is discovered for oneself.

- Human beings want to actualize their potential.

- Having healthy relationships with other classmates is more conducive to learning.

- Learning about oneself is a motivating factor in learning.

-Increasing one‟s self-esteem is a motivating factor in learning.

Katrina

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Humanistic Education: Concerns, Implications and Applications by Mohammad Khatib 

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Humanistic Education: Concerns, Implications and Applications by Mohammad Khatib 

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*the receiver in education is considered first a human being, and then considered a learner
*emphasizes the importance of the  inner world of the learner and places the individual's thought, feelings, and emotions at the forefront of all human development
*it is crucial for humanistic education to prioritize the value of human dignity over any other economic, religious, nationalistic or ideological set of values
*students are encouraged to talk about themselves, to be open with others, and to express their feelings
*special type of interaction in itself, consisting of sharing, caring, acceptance, and sensitivity
*gives priority to learners' psychological states that prepares optimal learning conditions and, as a result, fosters critical thinking

Some Issues:
*some scholars argue that humanistic principles put extreme emphasis on students' emotions and forget the main focus of learning which is cognitive development.
(humanists believe that affect must be given to the already living cognitive concentration)

*Some humanists believe that many of the present standards in education, in proposing curricular goals and prescribing what shall be learned, deny persons' freedom and dignity

*Humanistic learning demand changes in the preparation of teachers which currently emphasizes subject matter and methods of cognitive learning;and, to develop good interpersonal conditions, counseling learning or whole-person learning should be fostered and developed through teacher education programs(a probable outcome of this would be a "free university" type of teacher-training institution where the students would form their own curricula, participate in the facilitation of learning, and find other means of evaluation other that grades)

http://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/jltr/vol04/01/06.pdf
Katrina

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Grassian and Kaplowitz note that according to the humanist model, "Basic needs must be satisfied before self-actualization or working to the learner's full potential can be accomplished" (p. 37).  A helpful video introduction to this perspective is available in the video below, produced by www.patreon.com:
Paul

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Our Grassian and Kaplowitz text covers the humanist model on pages 36-39.  They note that "the key player" is Abraham Maslow, who explained a "hierarchy of needs" (p. 36).  A chart of his pyramid appears below, taken from https://storify.com/
Paul

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According to the explanation at
https://www.learning-theories.com/
"In humanism, learning is student centered and personalized, and the educator’s role is that of a facilitator. Affective and cognitive needs are key, and the goal is to develop self-actualized people in a cooperative, supportive environment."
Paul

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Here is the link to the American Humanist Association

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Here is the link to the American Humanist Association

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https://americanhumanist.org/
Their 10 Commitments: Guiding Principles for Teaching Values in America's Public Schools
-altruism
-caring for the world around us
-critical thinking
-empathy
-ethical development
-global awareness
-human rights
-peace and social justice
-responsibility
-service and participation

This website also has a whole section dedicated to the history and definitions of Humanism!

Katrina