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SKPMg

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FLIPPED CLASSROOM

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SLOT  BEAUTY

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PROGRAM LESTARI SKPK

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KELAS ABAD 21

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Pedagogical Content Knowledge - Learning Bird

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Pedagogical Content Knowledge - Learning Bird

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Have you ever noticed it's better to use a visual representation for introductions and conclusions when teaching 5-paragraph essays, but it's better to use an audio file to introduce rhyme and meter in your poetry unit?

Or, have you seen better test scores when you teach electricity before fluid mechanics in Physics? Or, the circulatory system before the digestive system in Biology?

While you might call these "tricks of the trade", or "experience", these are examples of what is called pedagogical content knowledge (PCK).

When you combine your knowledge of the
content with your knowledge of how to teach it, you are transforming the content through pedagogy.

The term pedagogical content knowledge was coined by Lee Shulman in the mid 80s. He stated that teacher-training programs were separating the what (content) from the how (pedagogy) when preparing teachers for the field. Good teachers, according to Shulman, move beyond simply knowing their subject matter, and knowing how to teach; they transform the subject matter through teaching. More concretely, he says good teachers find "ways of representing and formulating the subject that make it comprehensible to others".

PCK is (1) knowing how to organize and present the curriculum for students, (2) being aware of misconceptions, prior knowledge, and particular problems students may have when learning new subject matter, and (3) having specific methods or strategies for the classroom situation or environment.2

How do you achieve PCK without waiting 20 years? Shulman proposed a framework of six steps: comprehension, transformation, instruction, evaluation, reflection, and new comprehension. Obviously, to obtain PCK, self-reflective teaching is needed. Refer to this paper for a more complete explanation of Shulman's process.

If you're not already using a teaching journal, or are unsure about how to begin using PCK, a great way to start would be to use this table of content representation (CoRe). It was developed by the Teaching & Learning Research Initiative in New Zealand. Dr. Christopher Eames led a group to create a tool for developing PCK. This tool was then given to young teachers to see how it helped their preparation and delivery of lessons. You might want to give it a try as you prepare your lessons and units for next fall.

PCK has been called craft knowledge, but you may call it good teaching. Being aware of PCK, and your growing understanding of the art of teaching, can help you progress from a good to a great teacher more quickly and easily. Shulman said it best when he took an old cliche, and made it new again:

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Have you ever noticed it's better to use a visual representation for introductions and conclusions when teaching 5-paragraph essays, but it's better to use an audio file to introduce rhyme and meter in your poetry unit? Or, have you seen better test scores when you teach electricity before fluid mechanics in Physics?

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Tempek kat sini jap nanti fikir...

1. Traffic light

2. Parking Lot

3. Hot seat

4. Bus stop

5. Speed dating

6. Table cloth

7. compass point

8. Stepping stone

9. 1 stay 3 stray

10. round table

11. thumbs

12. think pair share

13. Reward chart

14. Deklamasi sajak/nyanyian

15. Role play

16. Gallery walk

17. Peta i-THINK

18. Share and turn

19. Mini white board

20. Quiet signal

21. Sticky notes

22. Table rules

23. Two medals and a mission

24. Two stars and a wish

25. Learning objective

26. Success criteria

27. Classroom voice levels

28. Classroom rules

29. Silent signal

30. Quite signal

31. Pop corn

32. Round robin

33. Dragon ball

34. Kim's game

35. Carousel feedback

36. Numbered heads together

37. Two stay two stray

38. Jot Thoughts

39.continue story

40.snecth

41.quiz