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What is septic shock?

Sepsis is the result of an infection, and causes drastic changes in the body. It can be very dangerous and potentially life-threatening.

It occurs when chemicals that fight infection by triggering inflammatory reactions are released into the bloodstream.

Can be identified in 3 different stages

Sepsis is when the infection reaches the bloodstream and causes inflammation in the body.

Severe sepsis is when the infection is severe enough to affect the function of your organs, such as the heart, brain, and kidneys.

Septic shock is when you experience a significant drop in blood pressure that can lead to respiratory or heart failure, stroke, failure of other organs, and death.

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Sepsis happens when an infection spreads through the bloodstream to multiple areas in the body. This worsens into septic shock when blood pressure drops dangerously low and impairs organ function.

Patients with immunosuppression have greater chances of acquiring septic shock because they have decreased immune system, making it easier for microorganisms to invade the body tissues.

Elderly people and infants are more prone to septic shock because of their weak immune system.

Malnourishment. Malnourishment can lower the body’s defenses, making it susceptible to the invasion of pathogens.

Chronic illness. Patients with a longstanding illness are put at risk for sepsis because the body’s immune system is already weakened by the existing pathogens.

Invasive procedures. Invasive procedures can introduce microorganisms inside the body that could lead to sepsis.

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Cool, pale arms and legs

High or very low temperature, chills

Lightheadedness

Little or no urine

Low blood pressure, especially when standing

Palpitations

Rapid heart rate

Restlessness, agitation, lethargy, or confusion

Shortness of breath

Skin rash or discoloration

Decreased mental status

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1. Risk For Infection 2. Risk For Shock 3. Risk For Impaired Gas Exchange 4. Risk For Deficient Fluid Volume 5. Hyperthermia 6. Compromised immune system.

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MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS

Administer IV antibiotics
Administer vasoactive medications to increase BP and cardiac output
Administer Oxygen therapy to alleviate respiratory distress and counter acidosis
Administer insulin and stabilise BGL level
Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation

Monitor Vital signs including neuro obs
Monitor cardiac function eg ECG
Provide analgesia and/or antipyretics
Ensure strict fluid balance
Monitor urine output and ensure IDC in  situ
Monitor for signs of deterioration once IV antibiotics commenced
Pt to remain in bed until stable and continue regular post acute care
Maintain aseptic technique throughout