# data[].attributes.body
Concrete Operational Stage

1. Using concrete props and visual aids, especially when dealing with sophisticated material.

2. Give students a chance to manipulate and test objects.

3. Make sure readings and presentations are brief and well-organized.

4. Use familiar examples to explain more complex ideas.

# data[].attributes.body
Activate prior knowledge

Encourage learners to connect new material with a familiar object or event

Ask a lot of open-ended questions

Present learners with unexpected information so they revise their schemas

Allow wait time

Ask for justifications for answers students give, “why do you think that?”

Challenge students! Give them brain teasers, puzzles, and open-ended questions that help stimulate their thinking.

Limit your talking (teacher)

Reduce distractions in the classroom