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In 1620, the Mayflower, carrying English Puritans fleeing religious persecution, land in Massachusetts. The Puritans established Plymouth Colony, and created the holiday of Thanksgiving to celebrate their alliance with Native Americans.

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The Salem Witch Trials were a series of trials of people accused of witchcraft in Massachusetts from 1692 to 1693. The trials are centered on several girls who claimed to under the influence of witchcraft, and hundreds of people were accused, with 30 being found guilty. 19 women were hung.

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The First Great Awakening came as a result of religious revivalism during the 1730s. They emphasized "heart over head", countering the "godless" Enlightenment with religion. Some universities, such as Princeton, were founded as a result.

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The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, or the Shakers, are a religious sect that are known for shaking and dancing during religious sermons. Their values are celibacy, communitarianism, and labor in the community.

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The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival with the goal of "Rechristianization" of the people. The Baptists and Methodists became the largest religious groups of the Second Great Awakening, while starting new religious movements. For example, the Universalists, Shakers, and Mormons. The Burned Over District in New York was the location of many religious movements during the Second Great Awakening.

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1805: Tenskwatawa (The Prophet) and his brother Tecumseh unites Native tribes against the US

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1805: Tenskwatawa (The Prophet) and his brother Tecumseh unites Native tribes against the US

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In 1805, the Shawnee Tenskwatawa (The Prophet) went into a trance. He claimed that the Master of Life visited him and told him to give up all white products and lifestyle. He and his brother would unite tribes and fight the US in the War of 1812. Tecumseh was defeated in 1811.

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During the 1820s, the Mormons were established as a sect of Christianity. Joseph Smith and Brigham Young were the prophet and follower, respectively. After Joseph Smith's death, the Mormon Church split into multiple sects. Their most striking feature is polygamy.

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The 1842 Reform Congregation was the first Jewish congregation on Judaism in the US. Reform Jews advocated for a more "Americanization" of Judaism.

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The Seneca Falls Convention was the first convention on women's rights in the US. It  was "a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman". The convention was organized by female Quakers, led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

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1850: Daoist and Buddhist Temples in San Francisco

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1850: Daoist and Buddhist Temples in San Francisco

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The first Daoist and Buddhist Temples in the US were built in San Francisco. They were founded by Chinese immigrants from the Gold Rush, railroad workers, and sugar plantation workers from Hawaii.

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The Mountain Meadows Massacre were the attack and murdering of 120 members of a wagon train. The massacre was perpetuated by Mormons disguised as Native Americans. Only John D. Lee, leader of the local Mormon community and militia, was convicted.

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The Ghost Dance Movement was a Native American Movement during the 1890s.  According to Northern Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka, the Ghost Dance would bring back Native American ancestors' spirits to fight back against US expansion. The movement rapidly became popular, but was ended after the Massacre at Wounded Knee in 1890.

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In 1919, the 18th Amendment that banned the sale of alcohol in the US was passed. The temperance movement that passed the 18th Amendment was the first movement where women took charge of their homes and churches. Women such as Carry Nation led the movement, and the Women's Christian's Temperance Union was a large supporter.

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The 1924 Immigration Act restricted immigration quotas by nation. This act prevented many people from immigrating to the US regardless of reasons, such as Jewish refugees fleeing from Nazi Germany's atrocities.

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The Evian Conference was a multi-national conference on loosening immigration laws in response to the refugee crisis caused by Nazi Germany's annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia. Most nations, including the US, refused to increase immigration quotas. Only the Dominican Republic agreed to accept refugees in the conference.

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The Supreme Court Case of Engel v Vitale (1962) was a court case over the constitutionality of having prayers in public schools. The Supreme Court ruled that school prayers were unconstitutional.

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1965: Immigration and Naturalization Act

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1965: Immigration and Naturalization Act

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The Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1965 eliminated the immigration quota system of the US. Asian immigrants brought new East Asian religions to the US, and existing European religious groups grew in size.

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Solar School Building of the Farm School

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The Farm is a commune started by Stephen and Ina May Gaskin. It's religion is a patchwork of Christianity and Zen Buddhism. The Farm is Complementarianism and consists of a soybean farm, tofu and soymilk factory, and The Gate. Today, it is an ecovillage with 250 members.

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The Moral Majority is a right-wing Christian coalition founded by Jerry Falwell in 1979. Numbering 4 million members at their height, they opposed liberal policies that went against their religious conservative views, such as legalization of abortion in Roe v Wade and gay rights. They were instrumental in electing President Ronald Reagan in 1980. They were dissolved in 1989.

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The Supreme Court Case of Lemon v Kurtzman (1971) was over the issue of the states of Pennsylvania and Rhode Island paying private school teachers who promoted religion. It was determined to be illegal, and the Lemon Test was created to determine whether or not a state's actions violate the Constitution:

The statute must have a secular legislative purpose.

Its principle or primary effect must be one that neither advances nor inhibits religion.

The statute must not foster an excessive entanglement with religion.

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The Religious Freedom Restoration Act is a law that prohibits the federal government from preventing individuals from practicing religion. Signed into law by President Bill Clinton, the federal government can only prohibit religious practice if "(1) furthers a compelling governmental interest; and (2) is the least restrictive means of furthering that compelling governmental interest." (https://www.congress.gov/bill/103rd-congress/house-bill/1308)

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President Bill Clinton signing the Religious Freedom Restoration Act- National Archives and Records Administration

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The Supreme Court Case of Burwell v Hobby Lobby (2014) was a court case over employers denying their employees contraceptive health care insurance over the employers' religious beliefs. The Supreme Court ruled that denying employees health insurance over religious beliefs did not violate the The Religious Freedom Restoration Act since the company and owners are private individuals.