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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce poverty and hunger?

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce poverty and hunger?

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By tinkering with the plant's metabolism, making it more efficient and thus increase crop yields. The aim is to introduce more efficient traits found in other crops. Rice uses  C3 pathway which is less efficient than C4 (found in maize and sorghum) in hot dry environment. The C4 pathway boosts plant growth by capturing carbon dioxide and concentrating it in a specialized cell in the leaves. Therefore, photosynthesis can occur effeciently. Researchers estimated that engineering C4 pathway into rice will increase rice yield by roughly 50%, and it is possible to use less water and fertilizer to produce the same amount of food.
-Nur Hanisah binti Mohamad Ikhiwan (1170349)

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NURUL NADIA BINTI ABDUL LATIFF

Improving the yield of rice, one of the world’s most important crops, is an essential part of ensuring global food security and a key goal for reducing poverty and hunger in the developing world. The international C4 Rice Consorm  is working towards a step change improvement in rice yields by changing how the rice plant photosynthesises, which if successful will boost productivity and reduce water use.

The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere into sugar using sunlight. In most plants, including rice, CO₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as “C₃photosynthesis”. The enzyme that fixes CO₂ into sugar can also react with oxygen in an energy-wasting process known as photorespiration. This process occurs especially at higher temperatures, such as in the tropics where most rice is grown, and causes a dramatic reduction in the amount of CO2 that is converted into sugar.

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How to improve photosynthesis to rice to reduce  poverty and hunger :

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How to improve photosynthesis to rice to reduce  poverty and hunger :

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Nur Athirah binti Zolkifli -1171481-
In order to improve photosynthesis to rice, the very important step is by improving the yield of rice, one of the world’s most important crops, is an essential part of ensuring global food security and a key goal for reducing poverty and hunger in the developing world. This is by changing how the rice plant photosynthesises, which if successful will boost productivity and reduce water use.  The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.  In most plants, including rice, CO₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as “C₃photosynthesis”.  This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments.

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To boost food production for a rapidly growing global population, crop yields must significantly increase. One of the avenues being recently explored is the improvement of photosynthetic capacity by installing the C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 crops like rice to drastically increase their yield. Crops with an enhanced photosynthetic mechanism would better utilize the solar radiation that can be translated into yield

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By modifyying the chloropyhylls that plant use to pick up sunlight, for example by swapping in chlorophyll d, which absorbs more of the spectrum, for chlorophyll a, which takes in less. int heory, plants could be engineered so that they have more chlorophyll d in their lower areas where they typically receive less light. FATIN IZZATI ZANUARI (1170321)

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By modifyying the chloropyhylls that plant use to pick up sunlight, for example by swapping in chlorophyll d, which absorbs more of the spectrum, for chlorophyll a, which takes in less. int heory, plants could be engineered so that they have more chlorophyll d in their lower areas where they typically receive less light. FATIN IZZATI ZANUARI (1170321)

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In order to improve the photosynthesis in rice,  to improve the C3 plant photosynthesis process, we could installing C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 plant, we should use combination of cutting edge computational and experimental approaches. When we installed, the process in C3 will be changed their regulation into C4 pathway, because the C4 pathway is 600 times evolved the energy more than C3 pathway. The pathway naturally evolved the way to minimize this energy wasting process by using oxygen insensitive enzyme to fix the CO2 and thus, it result in converting the CO2 into sugar efficiently. The process need to be accompanied by increasing of water and nitrogen use efficiency, then improved their environment adaptation to hotter and dryer environment.

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In order to improve the photosynthesis in rice,  to improve the C3 plant photosynthesis process, we could installing C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 plant, we should use combination of cutting edge computational and experimental approaches. When we installed, the process in C3 will be changed their regulation into C4 pathway, because the C4 pathway is 600 times evolved the energy more than C3 pathway. The pathway naturally evolved the way to minimize this energy wasting process by using oxygen insensitive enzyme to fix the CO2 and thus, it result in converting the CO2 into sugar efficiently. The process need to be accompanied by increasing of water and nitrogen use efficiency, then improved their environment adaptation to hotter and dryer environment.

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Asmaa' binti Mohd Satar
1170312

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decrease the light saturation Because the top part of plants isn’t able to absorb all the light available, the idea is to limit the capacity of “antennae” chlorophylls in those areas, so they absorb less light and more of it passes through.

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To improve photosynthesis, researcher S. Karki said to introduce C4 pathway into C3 crops like rice to drastically increase their yield. This is because rice with C4 photosynthesis mechanism would have increase photosynthetic efficiency while using scarce resources such as land, water, and fertilizer specifically nitrogen more effectively. Then, C4 system plants more productive at higher temperature typically experienced by rice. So, researchers modified several things to establish a functional C4 pathway to rice, for example: increase no. and siza of chloroplast in rice, reduce rate of Calvin cycle and photorespiration by engineering process

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To improve photosynthesis, researcher S. Karki said to introduce C4 pathway into C3 crops like rice to drastically increase their yield. This is because rice with C4 photosynthesis mechanism would have increase photosynthetic efficiency while using scarce resources such as land, water, and fertilizer specifically nitrogen more effectively. Then, C4 system plants more productive at higher temperature typically experienced by rice. So, researchers modified several things to establish a functional C4 pathway to rice, for example: increase no. and siza of chloroplast in rice, reduce rate of Calvin cycle and photorespiration by engineering process

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Nabilah Ku Soffi - 1170344

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anis aqilah abdul wahab 1171488

To improve the photosynthesis, the concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway

C₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C₄photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty?

To improve photosynthesis in rice in order to reduce hunger and poverty, the concept used is to switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which in hot dry environments and much less efficient, to start using the more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway such as maize and sorghum. The productivity will increase by 50% if the rice could be switched to use C4 photosynthesis.

(Nurul Ain Sofiah Binti Othman – 1170334)

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty?

To improve photosynthesis in rice in order to reduce hunger and poverty, the concept used is to switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which in hot dry environments and much less efficient, to start using the more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway such as maize and sorghum. The productivity will increase by 50% if the rice could be switched to use C4 photosynthesis.

(Nurul Ain Sofiah Binti Othman – 1170334)

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Improve the efficiency by which plants turn light into energy. Here, the researchers want to engineer a more efficient photosynthetic pathway to maximize the usage of every potential photon. They propose taking a page from purple photosynthetic bacteria in order to fine-tune the photosynthetic process to "achieve a near-optimum match of the solar spectrum to water oxidation and carbohydrate/lipid synthesis

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Improve the efficiency by which plants turn light into energy. Here, the researchers want to engineer a more efficient photosynthetic pathway to maximize the usage of every potential photon. They propose taking a page from purple photosynthetic bacteria in order to fine-tune the photosynthetic process to "achieve a near-optimum match of the solar spectrum to water oxidation and carbohydrate/lipid synthesis

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C₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C₄photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.

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C4 plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO2 and thus are more efficient at converting CO2 into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments.

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One way that is discovered by the scientist regarding the issue on how to improve the photosynthesis of rice is to change the usual c3 pathway to c4 pathway. It is important for us to understand that c3 plants usually will undergo photorespiration which the product is not beneficial for glucose making and instead they produce a waste, so as the results,the yield of rice production decreases. So, right now the scientist is try to modify the usual c3 pathway of rice crops into c4 pathway as c4 pathway does not undergo photorespiration which means that c4 plants usually produce high yield of crops. So ,the rice undergo c4 pathway,they will produce high yield of rice production and as a result it can help to reduce the poverty and hunger and sustain the availability of rice production in future

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To boost rice production in order to reduce poverty and starvation, crop yields must significantly increase. The C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 crops in rice need to be installed to drastically increase their yield. Crops with an enhanced photosynthetic mechanism would better utilize the solar radiation that can be translated into yield. This subsequently will help in producing more grain yield, reduce water loss and increase nitrogen use efficiency especially in hot and dry environments. In order to achieve this, we need to increase the number and size of chloroplast in bundle sheats cells of rice. hence photosynthesis will be increase

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The kitten next door die from malnutrition......

or so i hoped

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C₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C₄photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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NURUL LIYANA BINTI MOHD HIJAS 1170333

In order to improve photosynthesis of rice to reduce hunger and poverty, we need to improve the photosynthesis capability by changing from C3 pathway to C4 pathway. C3 photosynthetic pathway first fixed CO₂ into a compound with three carbon atoms. The enzyme that fixes CO₂ into sugar also react with oxygen in an energy-wasting process, photorespiration. This process occurs especially at higher temperatures causes a dramatic reduction in the amount of CO2 that is converted into sugar. However, C4 photosynthetic pathway minimise this process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. C4 plants are potentially more productive at higher temperatures typically experienced by rice. This installation will break its yield barrier and breed a new generation of “climate-ready” rice which will yield more even under the situations of increasing temperature and decreasing water availability. Thus, more crop will be produce thus reduce hunger and poverty among people.

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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The process of photosynthesis in rice can be improved by changing the photosynthetic pathway from C3 photosyntetic pathway to C4 pathway. This will increase the production of rice to 50%.

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Nur Izzah Najihah Ayub 1171487

To improve the photosynthesis, the concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere into sugar using sunlight. In most plants, including rice, CO₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as “C₃photosynthesis”. The enzyme that fixes CO₂ into sugar can also react with oxygen in an energy-wasting process known as photorespiration. This process occurs especially at higher temperatures, such as in the tropics where most rice is grown, and causes a dramatic reduction in the amount of CO2 that is converted into sugar.

C₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C₄photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.

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C₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C₄photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.

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The water‐use efficiencies (transpiration) of crops in the field are notoriously variable, but the values for C4 crops are about double those of C3 crops

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Decrease the light saturation.Because the top part of plants isn’t able to absorb all the light available, the idea is to limit the capacity of “antennae” chlorophylls in those areas, so they absorb less light and more of it passes through. 

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Decrease the light saturation.Because the top part of plants isn’t able to absorb all the light available, the idea is to limit the capacity of “antennae” chlorophylls in those areas, so they absorb less light and more of it passes through. 

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger & poverty?

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger & poverty?

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In order to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty, we need to switch from using rice with c3 photosynthetic system into more efficient c4 photosynthetic pathway. C4 photosynthetic pathway have naturally evolved a way to minimize energy wasting process by using insensitive enzyme to fix carbon dioxide and thus resulting in more efficient in converting carbon dioxide into sugar.

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In order to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty, we need to switch from using rice with c3 photosynthetic system into more efficient c4 photosynthetic pathway. C4 photosynthetic pathway have naturally evolved a way to minimize energy wasting process by using insensitive enzyme to fix carbon dioxide and thus resulting in more efficient in converting carbon dioxide into sugar.

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Nor Alia Najihah binti Md Noh,1170335

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HOW TO IMPROVE PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN RICE TO REDUCE HUNGER AND POVERTY

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HOW TO IMPROVE PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN RICE TO REDUCE HUNGER AND POVERTY

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Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere into sugar using sunlight. In most plants, including rice, CO₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as “C₃photosynthesis”.  Rice uses the C3 photosynthetic pathway since in hot dry environments is much less efficient than the C4 pathway used in plants such as maize and sorghum. If rice could be 'switched' to use C4 photosynthesis, it would theoretically increase productivity by 50%. so the amount of rice can be increase and can be use to reduce hunger and poverty.

NOOR IZZATI BINTI MOKHZANI, 1171483

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and pover

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and pover

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Nurul Liyana Binti Mohd Hijas 1170333

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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To improve the rate of photosynthesis in rice, switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient in hot and dry condition, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway. By switching the rice from

C₃  pathway to  C₄  pathway, it will reduce the rate of energy-wasting process known as photorespiration.

- Musfirah binti Muzamil 1170311

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The rice plants need to be modified so that the plants used c4 phontosynthetic pathway

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ice is one of the staple food for human.there is a step that the international c4 rice consortium is working on which is to switch rice from using the c3 photosynthetic pathway to c4 photosynthetic pathway. this can help in improving photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty as the c4 photosynthetic pathway is more efficient than c3 potosynthetic pathway.

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ice is one of the staple food for human.there is a step that the international c4 rice consortium is working on which is to switch rice from using the c3 photosynthetic pathway to c4 photosynthetic pathway. this can help in improving photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty as the c4 photosynthetic pathway is more efficient than c3 potosynthetic pathway.

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nur amni husna abd aziz 1170331

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instead of c3 pathways, swtich to c4 photosynthetic pathway which is more efficient

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instead of c3 pathways, swtich to c4 photosynthetic pathway which is more efficient

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Muhammad Ihsan bin Mohd Zohri 1170332

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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Rice uses the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which in hot dry environments is much less efficient than the C4 pathway used in plants such as maize and sorghum. If rice could be 'switched' to use C4 photosynthesis, it would theoretically increase productivity by 50%.

Affan ( 1170308 )

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muhammad saifullah bin mat isa 1170339                                              how to improve photosynthesis in rice

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muhammad saifullah bin mat isa 1170339                                              how to improve photosynthesis in rice

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make a RnD to improve the quality of rice or give more artificial sunlight that can give more energy for photosynthesis

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how to increase photosynthesis to avoid hunger and poverty

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how to increase photosynthesis to avoid hunger and poverty

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to switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.
Nor Syazwani Bt Muhammad Zahidan
1170354

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To increase and improve photosynthesis in rice,   C₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C₄photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.

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Switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.Rice plants that can produce 50% more grain by converting the photosynthesis of rice from the less-efficient C3 form to the C4 form would increase yields by 50%.

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere into sugar using sunlight. In most plants, including rice, CO₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as “C₃photosynthesis”. The enzyme that fixes CO₂ into sugar can also react with oxygen in an energy-wasting process known as photorespiration. This process occurs especially at higher temperatures, such as in the tropics where most rice is grown, and causes a dramatic reduction in the amount of CO2 that is converted into sugar.

Rice field on terraces in Vietnam, by cristaltran, iStockPhoto

C₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C₄photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.

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change from using the c3 photsynthetic pathway which is not very efficient. To use the more efficient c4 photosynthetic pathway.  C₄ plants, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient to convert CO₂ into sugar. Rice with a C4 photosynthesis mechanism would have increased photosynthetic efficiency while using scarce resources such as land, water, and fertilizer. It will perform well under high temperature as well as require less water and nitrogen.

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

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by switching the C3 pathway to C4 pathway

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one way to improve phosynthesis in rice is switch or produce by genetic engineering  c4 photosynthetic pathway rice plant  rather than c3 photosynthetic pathway  which the yield will increase 50%

Nur umairah atiqah bt sabri-1170341

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Transform rice from using C3 photosynthetic pathway which is less efficient to C4 photosynthetic pathway

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Transform rice from using C3 photosynthetic pathway which is less efficient to C4 photosynthetic pathway

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Nur Farah Hanim Binti Ahmad Johari [1171504]

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Professor Jane Langdale, Dr Steve Kelly and colleagues are part of an international research consortium working towards a step change improvement in the yield of rice.

Improving the yield of rice, one of the world's most important crops, is an essential part of ensuring global food security and a key goal for reducing poverty and hunger in the developing world. The international C₄ Rice Consortium is working towards a step change improvement in rice yields by changing how the rice plant photosynthesises, which if successful will boost productivity and reduce water use.

The concept is to switch rice from using the C ₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C ₄ photosynthetic pathway.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide (CO ₂) from the atmosphere into sugar using sunlight. In most plants, including rice, CO ₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as "C ₃ photosynthesis". The enzyme that fixes CO ₂ into sugar can also react with oxygen in an energy-wasting process known as photorespiration. This process occurs especially at higher temperatures, such as in the tropics where most rice is grown, and causes a dramatic reduction in the amount of CO 2 that is converted into sugar.
Rice field on terraces in Vietnam, by cristaltran, iStockPhoto
C ₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO ₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO ₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C ₄ photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.

Findings

Oxford University's role within the C ₄ Rice Consortium is to identify and test the genes that enable plants to do C ₄ photosynthesis. Using a combination of cutting edge computational and experimental approaches the researchers are mining the natural variation present in plants to reverse engineer C ₄ photosynthesis. This approach has identified a few hundred genes (out of around 30,000) as candidate regulators of the switch from C ₃ to C ₄.
Screening apparatus to assess C4 phosynthetic properties of wild rice and C4 revertants. By IRRI on Flickr
They are currently carrying out state of the art laboratory work to test the function of these candidate genes. This work will further narrow down the search and will identify those genes necessary to make the very precise changes that will allow rice to photosynthesise using the C ₄ pathway instead of C ₃.

Wider Interest

In the long term, this research has the potential to increase photosynthetic efficiency and rice yields by up to 50%. This would have a huge global impact in both developed and developing countries by increasing farmer income and improving supply chain stability and food security.

Everyone involved in producing and consuming rice would benefit, from smallholder farmers to multinational biotechnology companies, and from individual consumers to corporate food and energy suppliers.

On top of this, the ability to convert C ₃ plants to the more efficient C ₄ pathway could be applicable to many other plants, including other crops and trees, giving this technology enormous potential to enhance future sustainability.

Funding
Jane Langdale's Lab Wesbite Steve Kelly's Lab Website Plants for the 21st Century C4 Rice at the International Rice Research Institute Photo of loose rice from Pixabay Photo of rice field on terraces in Vietnam by cristaltran, iStockPhoto Photo of screening apparatus to assess C4 phosynthetic properties of wild rice and C4 revertants by IRRI on Flickr
The international C ₄ Rice Consortium is funded by a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to the International Rice Research Institute.

Read More

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Improving Photosynthesis in Rice to Reduce Hunger & Poverty

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Professor Jane Langdale, Dr Steve Kelly and colleagues are part of an international research consortium working towards a step change improvement in the yield of rice. Improving the yield of rice, one of the world's most important crops, is an essential part of ensuring global food security and a key goal for reducing poverty and hunger in the developing world.

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C₄ plants, on the other hand, have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO₂ and thus are more efficient at converting CO₂ into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C₄photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane.  in tropical climates the efficiency of solar energy conversion of crops using so-called C4 photosynthesis is about 50% higher than that of C3 crops.

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use c4 photosynthetic pathway  <3 which adapt better in dry and hot environment and reduce energy wast

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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RnD the crop by replace the c3 pathway of rice into the c4 pathway.

faizulhakim bin abdul manaf 1171485

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To boost rice production in order to reduce poverty and hunger, we must increase the crop yields. The C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 crops in rice need to be installed to drastically increase their yield. Crops with an enhanced photosynthetic mechanism would better utilize the solar radiation that can be translated into yield. hence, this will help in producing more grain yield, reduce water loss and increase nitrogen use efficiency especially in hot and dry environments.

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how to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

By switching rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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Photosynthesis, the process by which plants use solar energy to capture carbon dioxide and convert it into the carbohydrates required for growth, is not the same for all plants. Some species, including rice, have a mode of photosynthesis (known as C3) in which the capture of carbon dioxide is relatively inefficient. Other plants, such as maize and sorghum, have evolved a much more efficient form of photosynthesis known as C4.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-01/irri-nhr011909.php

- Nur Naseema Saidin 1172791

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how can we improve photosynthesis to reduce poverty and hunger

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how can we improve photosynthesis to reduce poverty and hunger

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scientist can create an altered plants that have less amount of chlorophyll and carotenoids so light can be absorbs more efficient. it is because plants have captures many photon and the extinguishing of excess energy makes them work in less efficient.

nur aimi khalid 1170310

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For the C3 plants like rice, it is not efficient to use C3 for the it because it is does not suitable under tropics and warm temperature. Thus, the way to improve the photosynthesis in rice in order to reduce hunger and poverty is by switching the C3 pathway into C4 pathway.

PUTERI FATIHA NURSYAKIRAH BT ZAAMI 1170302

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it is related to a desire to use less water. so, the less time a plant stomata open and exchanging gases, the less water plants require.
insyirah (1170320)

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use c4 photosynthetic pathway

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway. .

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1170350

Rice uses the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which in hot dry environments is much less efficient than the C4 pathway used in plants such as maize and sorghum. If rice could be 'switched' to use C4 photosynthesis, it would theoretically increase productivity by 50%.

As well as an increase in photosynthetic efficiency, the introduction of C4 traits into rice is predicted to improve nitrogen use efficiency, double water use efficiency, and increase tolerance to high temperatures.

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Converting the photosynthesis of rice from the less efficient C3 form to the C4 form

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In order to improve photosynthesis in rice is by switching rice from C3 to C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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In order to improve photosynthesis in rice is by switching rice from C3 to C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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Dg Nurul Farahin Binti Sulaiman
1171495

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switch rice from using C3 photosynthetic pathways, which is not very efficient, and use C4 photosynthetic pathways which is more efficient than C3 photosynthetics pathways

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 switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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 switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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NURUL HUSNA ISMAIL  1171476                           

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NURUL HUSNA ISMAIL  1171476                           

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway. In most plants, including rice, CO₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as “C₃photosynthesis”. The enzyme that fixes CO₂ into sugar can also react with oxygen in an energy-wasting process known as photorespiration. This process occurs especially at higher temperatures, such as in the tropics where most rice is grown, and causes a dramatic reduction in the amount of CO2 that is converted into sugar.

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In order to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty is by switching rice from using c3 pathway to use more efficient phothosynthetic pathway which is c4 photosynthetic pathway.

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one way is to switch or produce (by genetic c4 photosyntethic pathway plant rather than c3

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one way is to switch or produce (by genetic c4 photosyntethic pathway plant rather than c3

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

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I made my mistakeeee

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Do the greenhouse concept, so we can grow the rice even in cold countries, photosynthesis can still occurs

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Do the greenhouse concept, so we can grow the rice even in cold countries, photosynthesis can still occurs

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1171499

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switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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how do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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how do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient and using the more efficient which is C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient and using the more efficient which is C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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Nik Nur Athirah Bt Nik Mohd Sabri -1171506

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1171509
Nur qistina solehah bt abdul rashidimprovement of photosynthetic capacity by installing the C4 photosynthetic pathway into rice.

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HOW TO IMPROVE PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN RICE TO REDUCE HUNGER AND POVERTY

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HOW TO IMPROVE PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN RICE TO REDUCE HUNGER AND POVERTY

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.  Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere into sugar using sunlight. In most plants, including rice, CO₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as “C3 photosynthesis”. The enzyme that fixes CO₂ into sugar can also react with oxygen in an energy-wasting process known as photorespiration. This process occurs especially at higher temperatures, such as in the tropics where most rice is grown, and causes a dramatic reduction in the amount of CO2 that is converted into sugar. Thus, the production of rice will increases to reduce the hunger and poverty.
NURUL FARHANA BINTI ZULKIFLEE 1171489

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Rubisco catalyzes the extraction of carbon dioxide from the air into sugar to fuel the plant's growth, but is limited by the supply of carbon dioxide. Using mechanisms from algae, plants are being engineered to pump carbon dioxide to Rubisco to boost photosynthesis. This mechanism is called algal mechanism.

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switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty?

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty?

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

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1171480
The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway. Photosynthesis takes in the carbon dioxide produced by all breathing organisms and reintroduces oxygen into the atmosphere.  In most plants, including rice, CO₂ is first fixed into a compound with three carbon atoms, hence it is known as “C3 photosynthesis”. The enzyme that fixes CO₂ into sugar can also react with oxygen in an energy-wasting process known as photorespiration.

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Improving Photosynthesis In Rice To Reduce Hunger & Poverty.

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Improving Photosynthesis In Rice To Reduce Hunger & Poverty.

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C₃ photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C₄ photosynthetic pathway.

MUHAMMAD HAZIQ BIN MUBARAK ALI

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty?

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty?

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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The concept is to switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is not very efficient, to using the more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway.

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Rice uses the C3 photosynthetic pathway, which in hot dry environments is much less efficient than the C4 pathway used in plants such as maize and sorghum. If rice could be 'switched' to use C4 photosynthesis, it would theoretically increase productivity by 50%.

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In my opinion,  we need to convert C3 photosynthesis to C4 photosynthesis , which is the function of C4 is have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO2 and thus are more efficient at converting CO2 into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C4 photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane. Tq 

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In my opinion,  we need to convert C3 photosynthesis to C4 photosynthesis , which is the function of C4 is have naturally evolved a way to minimise this energy wasting process by using an oxygen insensitive enzyme to first fix CO2 and thus are more efficient at converting CO2 into sugar. This increased efficiency is accompanied by increased water and nitrogen use efficiency and improved adaptation to hotter and dryer environments. C4 photosynthesis has naturally evolved more than 60 times in a wide range of flowering plants, including several staple food plants such as maize, sorghum and sugarcane. Tq 

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writen by : NUR AMIRAH AIDA BT MOHD ZUKI ( 1171497 )

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how to improve photosynthesis to reduce poverty and hunger

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how to improve photosynthesis to reduce poverty and hunger

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we have to increase the rice crop yields by

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switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathways . which is not very efficient

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switch rice from using the C3 photosynthetic pathways . which is not very efficient

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty?The first way is by improving the efficiency with which plants capture light by reducing the amount of chlorophyll in paddy plants. Another way is by improving carbon uptake and carbon use in paddy plants. The paddy plants can also be re-engineered to be more like cyanobacteria, which use enzyme-containing compartments to efficiently concentrate carbon dioxide.

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How do you improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty?The first way is by improving the efficiency with which plants capture light by reducing the amount of chlorophyll in paddy plants. Another way is by improving carbon uptake and carbon use in paddy plants. The paddy plants can also be re-engineered to be more like cyanobacteria, which use enzyme-containing compartments to efficiently concentrate carbon dioxide.

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Nur I'zzah binti Abdul Hadi 1170328

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onwe way to improve photosynthesis in rice is

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onwe way to improve photosynthesis in rice is

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switch rice from using c3 photosynthetic pathway to c4 photosynthetic pathway that more efficient in converting CO2 into sugar.

nur husna binti ibrahim

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How to improve photosynthesis to reduce poverty and hunger

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How to improve photosynthesis to reduce poverty and hunger

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We can try to improve the rate of photosynthesis by planting crops at space to incraese the efficiency of photosynthesis

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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How to improve photosynthesis in rice to reduce hunger and poverty

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In order to improve the photosynthesis in rice is by switching rice from using c3 photosynthetic pathway to more efficient phothosynthetic pathway which is c4 photosynthetic pathway
-alia