# data[].attributes.body
A classification is called suspectbecause it is likely to be based on illegal discrimination

# data[].attributes.body
Supreme Court case dealing with freedom of speech and freedom of assembly. This case is considered a "'classic' free speech case" in Constitutional law classes

# data[].attributes.body
Libel is a written or published defamatory statement, while slander isdefamation that is spoken by the defendant.

# data[].attributes.body
The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments.

# data[].attributes.body
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

# data[].attributes.body
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.

# data[].attributes.body
Seditious speech is speech directed at the overthrow of government. It includes speech attacking basic institutions of government, including particular governmental leaders.

# data[].attributes.body
The Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution sets forth rights related to criminal prosecutions. It was ratified in 1791 as part of the United States Bill of Rights.

# data[].attributes.body
upreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of their citizenship

# data[].attributes.body
The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution addresses criminal procedure and other aspects of the Constitution. It was ratified in 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights.

# data[].attributes.body
the concentration of African-Americans in certain neighborhoods produces neighborhood schools that are predominantly black, or segregated

# data[].attributes.body
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

# data[].attributes.body
The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution protects the right of the people to keep and bear arms and was adopted on December 15, 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights.

# data[].attributes.body
The First Amendment to the United States Constitution prevents the government from making laws which respect an establishment of religion, prohibit the free exercise of religion, or abridge the freedom

# data[].attributes.body
Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602, was a case argued before the Supreme Court of the United States. The court ruled in an 8–1 decision that Pennsylvania's Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Education Act from 1968 was unconstitutional,

# data[].attributes.body
The Free Exercise Clause accompanies the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.

# data[].attributes.body
U.S. Supreme Court issued in 1896. It upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality – a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal".

# data[].attributes.body
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393, also known as the Dred Scott case or Dred Scott decision, was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on United States constitutional law.

# data[].attributes.body
Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, is a landmark decision issued in 1973 by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of the constitutionality of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions

# data[].attributes.body
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark civil rights and U.S. labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

# data[].attributes.body
Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

# data[].attributes.body
a set of laws, policies, guidelines and administrative practices "intended to end and correct the effects of a specific form of discrimination"

# data[].attributes.body
A literacy test assesses a person's literacy skills: their ability to read and write. Literacy tests have been administered by various governments to immigrants. made to prevent from voting

# data[].attributes.body
Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, was a landmark case in criminal procedure, in which the United States Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendmen

# data[].attributes.body
The Equal Protection Clause is a clause within the text of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides "nor shall any State [...] deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws"

# data[].attributes.body
Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court. In a 5–4 majority, the Court held that both inculpatory and exculpatory statements made in response

# data[].attributes.body
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that American state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional

# data[].attributes.body
Court case in which the Court ruled that it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools

# data[].attributes.body
In United States criminal law, probable cause is the standard by which police authorities have reason to obtain a warrant for the arrest of a suspected criminal or the issuing of a search warrant. It is also the standard by which grand juries issue criminal indictments

# data[].attributes.body
involves the communication of ideas through the combination of language and action

# data[].attributes.body
A second prosecution for the same offense after acquittal or conviction or multiple punishments for same offense

# data[].attributes.body
The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution each contain a due process clause. Due process deals with the administration of justice and thus the due process clause acts as a safeguard from arbitrary denial of life, liberty, or property by the government outside the sanction of law

# data[].attributes.body
In United States law, the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, together with that Amendment's Free Exercise Clause, form the constitutional right of freedom of religion.

# data[].attributes.body
In the United States, the exclusionary rule is a legal rule, based on constitutional law, that prevents evidence collected or analyzed in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights from being used in a court of law.