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- scientific article
- animals are lovable (especially monkeys)
- shows that we underestimate the intelligence of animals
need to talk about this problem
- interesting topic

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Orangutan Recognises Himself! | Extraordinary Animals | BBC Earth

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- There is an 'I' in animal (theecologist.org)

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The fish had realised that what they were seeing in the mirror was in fact themselves.

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- finding out the difference between human and rest of nature
- 1662, Rene Decartes: the entire universe are not much more than complex machines
- 1812, philosopher Georg W F Hegel: humans separate from others, see themselves as "I", animals are sentient (=fühlend) beings
→ later support by Darwin’s Origin of the Species, 1859
new experiments: proof of underestimated intelligence of animals, some animals do have a clear sense of “I”, clearly project their subjective will on nature

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- more than 70 specific gestures in chimpanzee-language
→ Bonobos can understand some signs too

- apes and human children share 90 % of signs

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mirror test: recognition of a living being  while looking in the mirror
- only few animals: dolphins, elephants, the great apes, magpies (=Elstern) pass it
new research: little blue-streak cleaner wrasse passed test
→ even small fish has this brain power

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- topic: biodiversity

- most important topic → mass extinction of animals
- our favourite one

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- 2 Bonobos / Monkeys / Animals
- eye catching
- we see ourselves in the picture
- human + apes related

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A tiny fish has 'theory of mind'. So - Chris Packham asks in a new BBC series - what makes us humans so different from other animals?

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- appealing headline
→we were interested
- pun: There is an 'I' in animal

- everybody is kind of an animal

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Strong relationship between mother and child

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Differrences and similarities between humans and animals

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Differrences and similarities between humans and animals

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1. Brain power
- animals are less intelligent than humans
- think only about 2 things
→ survival and nourishment
- different kind of intelligence
- animals (for example elephants)  recognize themselves → mirror test

2. Gestures
- apes and humans share communicating signs

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Ebenso wie bei uns Menschen können Pflegeeltern auch in der Welt der Tiere eine wichtige Rolle spielen.

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- author: Brendan Montague
- published on 12th March 2021
- subject: differences between humans and animals
- beginning: reference to famous quote from the German philosopher Hegel
-> thought difference between animals and us:  we have a consciousness (an "I")
- "theory of mind": comprehension of a living being that it is individual
- experiments of the BBC series "Chris Packham´s Animal Einsteins" proved Hegel wrong
→ some animals have an awareness
- ending: questions how humans can justify the mass extinction of animals