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A Director is responsible for realising the creative vision and style of a film or TV project. A director’s responsibilities include script writing, casting, shot selection and editing, the director works with heads of each department in the pre-production, production and post production stages of a project to achieve and fulfill the vision of the film. A director usually has people working under them that help ensure they achieve the film’s objective, these people include the assistant director, the script supervisor and runner and many more.

There are no formal qualifications that are essential to be a director, there are optional training courses available. In-depth experience however is important to be able to master this role. This can be through directing and writing your own projects and industry experience, many people who do this usually start as runners.

The skills included with being a director includes-

Having excellent communication and interpersonal skills.

Inspiring and motivating the team.

Have an extensive understanding of the entire filmmaking process, from both technical and creative points of view.

Be able to work intensively for long hours.

Paying attention to specific detail with a professional attitude.

For experience there will need to be extensive industry experience which includes up-to-date knowledge of filmmaking techniques and equipment is vital, as is learning how to work with actors to create a performance. Experience on shoots and 'Runner' work can lead up to becoming a Director in future industries by working experience up and knowledge. An example of a famous current director called Tim Burton who has made award winning movies from Edward Scissorhands and Mars Attacks! . He had worked as a Disney animator for less than a year before working on his own to create his movies.

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This is a list of the many examples of what job roles will be when making a movie but also with any type of production. To get a job in either a advert production, journalism, film or even a television company you would have to firstly have a degree. This is important because it shows the companies that you have the skills and motivation to work for them. There is also many job options available because mainly a degree can cover so many different types of topics. Secondly work experience is also important because media jobs will be very hard and competitive to get into therefore the companies would like to see how willing and how much experience they have actually had to build up the portfolio. These two options are highly important in the media industry to get imployment because of its popularity.

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Make-up and Hair Artists must be able to create make-up and hairstyles to meet production requirements. They oversee make-up and hair during filming and remove products as required. Make-up and Hair Artists are employed throughout pre-production and production, and usually work on a freelance basis. They work on principal and supporting Actors, usually looking after several actors throughout the shoot. Personal Make-up and Hair Artists are specifically requested by one of the principal Actors to work on their make-up and hair. Although they receive a rough brief from the Make-up and Hair Designer, they prepare their own script breakdown, and research and create their own designs.

The specific skills to have with Make up and Hair artist in media involve-

Having hairdressing skills including: cutting, waving, straightening, non-permanent colouring, applying extensions, braiding, shaving, dressing and applying facial hair.

Having make-up skills including: straight corrective; ageing face, hands and neck; contouring effects; and some specialised techniques such as creating tattoos and body painting.

Having manual dexterity, necessary for the creation of hair and make-up styles and effects.

Having an understanding of the anatomy of the human skull and facial muscle structure.

Being able to break down scripts in terms of make-up and hair plots.

Qualifications include a Level 2 qualification in Media make-up and a Level 2/3 in Hairdressing with two years experience. Also attending courses to keep up with new trends and new methods. There can also be experience by working in a salon, theatre, hairdressing shop or even wig making shop. Also to progress to this role, there is usually people who have worked in the film and/or television industry for up to 10 years. First starters would usually start out as Make-up and Hair Trainees to progressing to be a Make-up and Hair Assistant, before becoming a Make-up and Hair Artist working on larger productions.

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Production Sound Mixers work with Boom Operators to select suitable types of microphone. They carefully reposition these microphones for each set-up, to ensure adequate sound coverage. If music is required in a scene, Production Sound Mixers will set up playback equipment and speakers for the actors. At the end of each shooting day, Production Sound Mixers may send the day's sound recording files to post production. They also hand over originals to the Camera Assistant, who packages them up with the camera rushes. Production Sound Mixers finish work when the film wraps. Production Sound Mixers work on a freelance basis on features and drama productions. The hours are long and the work often involves long periods working away from home.

Skills for becoming a sound mixer include-

Having a good understanding of electronics.

Having a good working knowledge of all sound recording equipment.

Understanding microphones, lighting techniques and camera lens angles.

Having an interest in acoustics and audio technology.

Understanding the requirements of the other departments on feature films.

For qualifications there needs to be a formal qualification but there will need to be specialisation with training in sound recording. There are many courses in sound production available at different levels. There are also some industry-led training courses. For experience the sound engineer will have to start out as a Sound Trainee and learn on the job. After two years, they will be ready to work as a Sound Assistant. Working with equipment manufacturers or hire companies and make useful contacts in the industry. Getting experience on commercials, short films and television productions is also worthwhile. Once there is experience as a Boom Operator it will lead to progress as a Production Sound Mixer. An example can be applying to be a trainee through Trainee Finder, which is a website that gives hands-on experience in the industry and helps people build those all-important contacts that are essential when competing for a job.

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Camera Operators make sure the camera and equipment are prepared for the required set-ups and ready for any last-minute changes. They must be able to multi-task and to watch, listen and think on their feet while carrying out complex technical tasks. Camera Operators work closely with performers, guiding them on what can and cannot be seen by the camera. As DoPs now also operate the camera on smaller films, many Camera Operators specialise in the operation of other precision equipment, such as Remote Heads or Steadicam. Most also work on adverts and television.

Skills that are required as a camera operator include-

Communicate effectively.

Being able to collaborate and work as part of a team.

Being tactful and sensitive when working with artists and crew.

Knowing about health and safety legislation and procedures.

Knowing how to operate the camera expertly.

Having good working knowledge of all camera systems, lenses, support equipment and accessories.

Qualifications come with a film production course in higher education. Like many Camera Operators, studying for higher level qualifications, although no specific qualifications are required to work in this role. Film schools and training courses offer a good basic grounding in the skills and knowledge required and the most useful courses offer practical experience and may also include work experience placements. For experience Camera operators are expected to begin there career as a Camera Trainee or Runner, progressing to 2nd Assitant to then, experience gained that will more forward to 1st Assitant. Camera Operators will have to continually build up on experience when operating a variety of cameras in order to achieve the role of Camera Operator.

An example of a famous camera operator is a woman called Lauren Shuler Donner who is an american camera operator. She is famous for filming a large variety of the X-Men movies with her famous director husband Richard Donner.

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Actors and Actresses interpret others' words in order to bring a script to life, and to put flesh and blood on the characters they portray. It is rare for the public to see the Scriptwriter, the Producer, or the Director- their perception is based on what the Actors portray on screen. They usually work across television, theatre, film and radio, each requiring some specific skills. Some may also work as models or provide voice-overs for commercials, documentaries, talking books, dubbed foreign language films, etc. Television acting is geared to a wide variety of audiences, from productions for very young audiences to academic productions of great linguistic complexity. Actors must be able to adapt to the differing requirements. They are cast by the Producer, Director, Casting Director or, in some cases, they may be recommended by the Scriptwriter, or by the broadcaster. They usually work with the Director to create believable, natural characters based and built on the Scriptwriter's words.

Having strong powers of observation, in order to learn from others' body language and create believable characters.

Being aware of how performance may be affected by the types and positions of microphones, cameras and cables different lighting techniques the requirements of different sets and locations.

Being aware of the professional etiquette and traditions of working on television sets and locations.

Being able to deal effectively with the press.

Starting training at the weekend and part-time classes from a young age can help to become a professional Actress or Actor. Some full-time acting academies follow the national curriculum from Year 6, as well as training you in drama, dance and singing which an example is the Sylvia Young Theatre School. Some schools offer seperate courses in the media, performing or visual arts, or combine the arts with another specialisaton. At further/higher education level, theres the option of taking drama or theatre studies courses.
There is no specific career route to becoming a professional Actor. This can be by starting a career in theatre, often working initially in stage management, before progressing to acting roles on stage for experience to get on higher productions. Nonetheless a successful audition for a TV commercial, a radio or TV drama series, or a film role, can gain a reputation by exposure on these media.

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Typically a freelance position, a writer is someone with a passion for language who can construct sentences in a creative way. A lot of the more famous writers are involved in novel writing, such as Stephen King or JK Rowling. However, there are many different fields for writers to explore, such as poetry, short stories, non-fiction, and more. With mobile and internet, writers are becoming even more increasingly in demand. Writers will typically work their own hours from home, though some may be go into an office for freelance work. Even when working at home, most writers will designate themselves working hours to ensure they have time to get everything they need written. Although the end-product is the words on the page, a lot of thought goes into structure and pacing.

Skills involved with becoming a Writer involve-

Having a strong writing ability.

Being an able researcher who can quickly and precisely find information on a subject, even subjects not familiar with.

Having an engaging writing style with correct grammar, punctuation and spelling.

Having excellent editing and proofreading skills.

A writer is judged on their manuscripts and body of work, however qualifications in english language or creative writing may give a better insight into how to write to a professional standard. For experience, keeping a blog that is updated with written entries that contain short stories and poems can be an advantage. Also getting an agent can be helpful with writers that want to make it big in the world with working on advertisements and film productions. An agent is helpful when sending manucscripts to publishers that can publish the writers work.

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In pre-production, Casting Directors work with both the Director and Producer to assemble the perfect cast for the film. As a result, Casting Directors must have in-depth and up-to-date knowledge of new and existing acting talent. They are responsible for matching the ideal actor to each role, based on a number of factors, such as the actor's experience, ability, reputation, availability and box office appeal. Casting Directors also work closely with Production Accountants to prepare the casting budget. They organise and conduct interviews and auditions for each part, and are also in charge of offering each Actor an appropriate fee to appear in the film.

Skill needed to become a Casting Director involve-

Having a wide knowledge of cinema and Actors.

Having an interest in the theatre and stage actors.

Having a basic understanding of how to operate a video camera.

Being an excellent communicator.

Recognising talent.

Although there is no specific training or qualifications for this role, studying a degree in arts, English, film, theatre, communications or media Studies. Casting Directors are usually graduates in these subjects. They will also need an active interest in film, theatre and casting. Expecting to start a career at an entry-level position as an assistant in a talent agency as experience of selecting and working with Actors is essential. This allows the casting director to begin compiling knowledge about existing and new talent. Any experience having work with Actors in theatre or film production will help someone who wants to become a casting director. An example of a famous casting director is a woman called Sheila Jaffe who has casted actors and actresses for movies such as Slums of Beverly Hills and The Italian Job.

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Editors are one of the key Heads of Department for feature films, responsible for First Assistant Editors, and on bigger productions, Second Assistants. The Editor works closely with the Director to ensure that the story flows effortlessly from beginning to end, each shot is carefully chosen and edited into a series of scenes, which are in turn assembled to create the finished film. Editors work long, unsociable hours, often under pressure, in an edit suite. They are employed on a freelance basis by the Producer, based on their reputation and experience. Editors often work on television drama, as well as on feature films.

The Editor works closely with the Director before shooting begins, deciding how to maximise the potential of the screenplay. Editors check the technical standards, as well as the emerging sense of story, and the actors' performances. Because scenes are shot and edited out of sequence, Editors may work on scenes from the end of the film before those at the beginning, and must therefore be able to maintain a good sense of how the story is unfolding. Editors select the best takes and edit them together to create scenes. In some cases, an improvised line or an actor's interpretation of their role may create some on-screen magic that can be developed into a new and exciting scene.

Skills that Video and Film editor require-

Having technical talent.

Having wide experience of the post production process.

Being familiar with a variety of computer editing equipment.

Understanding dramatic storytelling to create rhythm, pace and tension.

There dosnt need to be a specific qualification. However taking a film production course in higher education is appealing, the following courses have been assessed by the film industry and awarded the Creative Skillset Tick for the high standard of education they provide and the degree to which they prepare you for a career in film. Traditionally, gaining experience works by being a Runner to a Trainee, Second Assistant, First Assistant and eventually to become an Editor. However, with digital editing, 2nd Assistants are now only employed on very big budget films. As a Trainee with at least two years' experience, the editor would have to work as an Assistant in television or on low budget films for a considerable period of time before becoming First Assistant on feature films. Some big budget productions take on Trainees and Second Assistants, and it is important to keep up to date with films in pre-production by reading the trade press. An example of a famous editor is a man called Walter Murch who is famous for editing films such as the American Graffiti and The Conversation.

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Motion Graphics Designers put together videos that contain animations and visual effects. The role has evolved from graphic designers, with new tools allowing designers to move into video. Although a piece of animation can be a labour of love, it’s important for the designer to make sure the project is attractive and suitable to fulfil the client’s brief. Like a graphic designer, there is a lot of thought that goes into the font choices, positioning and iconography. Although Adobe After Effects is currently the industry standard software, every project is different any may require different approaches. To stand out, a lot of Motion Graphic Designers are also proficient in video editing suites and 3-D modelling software.

The skills needed for a Motion Graphics Designer include-

Marketing themselves to potential clients.

Being fluent in motion graphics software packages.

Working well under pressure whilst maintaining high standards.

Being able to communicate complex ideas effectively.

Due to its roots in Graphic Design, a qualification in that area will show that they know the basics of composition and what constitutes good design. However, a degree in VFX or similar would also be suitable for those practicing 3D design. If considering taking a design course in higher education, the following courses have been rigorously assessed by the design industry and awarded the Creative Skillset Tick for the high standard of education they provide and the degree to which they prepare you for a career in design.

The first thing for experience in this field would be having a great portfolio and showreel. Whether it’s from small freelance projects from school and college projects, this being able to show off talents and eye for design will be an advantage when applying for Motion Graphics work. Looking at industry sites for upcoming events and showing up with a pocketful of business cards will help  make industry contacts. An example of a Graphic Designer based in London is a woman called Dina Makanji who has produced Motion Graphics for Aviva Life Insurance Advert and Crofters Organic Jam video.

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Scenic Artists usually work by the Production Designer and the Charge hand Painter to produce one or several scenic works for films. These could be anything from cloud backdrops or the backdrop of a city such as New York or London, which is to be viewed out of a set window. They also paint any paintings required and touch-up or finish work carried out by the painting team. They may also paint prop pieces. They are responsible for scheduling their own work, buying in the necessary supplies, and translating the Production Designer's vision into reality. Scenic Artists must ensure that their work is carried out to the agreed standards and deadlines.

Scenic Artists need to be a highly-trained with art school qualifications and have good understanding of art history, architecture and colour theory. They will also need extensive knowledge on the health and safety legislation and procedures relating to working with paints.

Skills that are involved when being a Scenic Artist are-

Having excellent, comprehensive artistic and scenic skills.

Knowing about basic scenic painting techniques, layout and paint application skills, and colour mixing.

Being talented in the fine art skills of sketching, rendering, and painting.

Gaining experience by painting backdrops for theatre productions, before moving into film can lead to working in higher productions. An example is a woman called Fiona Stewart who is a scenic artist who graduated from Edinburgh College of Art. She is well known for working on everal major motion pictures including the animated ‘Frankenweenie’ and ‘Fantastic Mr Fox’ as an art department painter.

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There are many ways to find jobs in Media via the internet. The most popular job site on the web currently is called Indeed. Indeed enables people to search for jobs posted on thousands of websites. Employers also post jobs directly on Indeed. No matter where a job is posted, it will be easy to find when using Indeed.

The image below shows the website Indeed with the subject being 'Media' and then the location of 'United Kingdom' and then from this there are heaps of option of Media work available for employees that require work. There is also an option if there needs to be a specific area someone wants to search a job for this could be for example an Video Editor wants to find work. They type in there area of work and then that area of work appears on Indeed.

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A Freelance worker is self-employed and hired to work for different companies on particular assignments. This could be for example a Freelance Editor which is someone who works on a project or on a part-time basis, often from home, for at the company. This dosnt include a long-term commitment to any without a long-term commitment to any employer.

This is different from a Full-time Worker because they have a commitment and contracted hours however Freelance is more Independent.  This is a list of the many jobs that are done with Freelance in the media production-

Freelance Video and Film Editor

Freelance 2D and 3D Animator

Freelance Marketers and Writers

Freelance Copywriter

Freelance web designers, TV presenters and even Radio Producers.

There are many more jobs that are able to be Freelanced to make it suitable for the worker.