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General Information: What is Biodiversity?

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General Information: What is Biodiversity?

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The rainforest is full of biodiversity. Biodiversity is the wide variety (differences) in a habitat or ecosystem. Biodiversity comes in many ways, such as genetic, species, and ecosystem biodiversity. Each ecosystem is full of different species, including keystone species.  A keystone species is a species that the other animals/ organism rely on, making it important to keep these keystone creatures from disappearing. When an endangered species or when the biodiversity in an environment decreases, it has a hard impact on the environment because it is removing a key factor that is helping the environment thrive.

Video Source: https://youtu.be/b6Ua_zWDH6U

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Specific Ecosystem Information: The Rainforest

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Specific Ecosystem Information: The Rainforest

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The rainforest is the most diverse ecosystem in the world. Rainforests are wet places with humid temperature. These are divided into two categories: temperate and tropical. Every rainforest has many layers such as the emergent, canopy, understory, and forest floor. The temperatures vary from 70-85 degrees fro a tropical rainforest with an average of 80-400 in. of rain; 60-200 in. for a temperate rainforest with an additional 7-12 in. from fog. Rainforests are located all over the world from the Pacific coasts of North America, Alaska, and Oregon to the UK, Queensland, and Australia to name a few. The Tropical Rainforest Heritage is located in Sumatra, filled with many marvelous creatures and plant species. The keystone specie, the Sumatran Tiger, is sadly going extinct, causing a change in the environment.

Photo Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/KpX9vGyv5M2PYGbt6
Text Source: https://springscs.instructure.com/courses/4214/assignments/296544?module_item_id=410256

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The rainforest of Sumatra are filled with many creatures and plants. This diverse ecosystem is the perfect place for its keystone creature, the Sumatran Tiger. Along with the tiger there are elephants, rhinos, orangutans, the sun bear, flying fox bats, and many more. The forest provides the animals with food and shelter, and the animals, in turn, help keep the environment stable. Sadly though, this environment is starting to decrease and is losing its keystone animal, the tiger.

Photo  Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/BT1LYNUnmxuXG9ws7

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The Sumatran Tiger: A Keystone Species and Their Importance

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The Sumatran Tiger: A Keystone Species and Their Importance

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The Sumatran Tiger is an important keystone species in the rainforest of Sumatra. "The presence of the Sundra Tiger is an important indicator of the forest's health and biodiversity".  These tigers help keep the rainforest ecosystem balanced. These magnificent creatures feed on birds, ungulates, fish, and monkeys helping to keep the prey population under control. If these tigers go extinct, the other species would grow to uncontrolled amounts damaging the environment.

Photo Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/dTjXyYFgCq2bxyAw8
Text Source:
Sundra Tiger. WWF. www.worldwildlife.org/species/sundra-tiger.

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Specific Data for the Keystone Specie: The SUmatran Tiger

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Specific Data for the Keystone Specie: The SUmatran Tiger

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The decrease of these species would mean certain ecosystem destruction. Between 2000-2012, it had been noted that about 17% of the tiger's homes had been cut down for oil plantations. The Sumatran Tiger, also known as Panthera Tigris Sumatrae, are slowly dying out due to human impact. Humans are cutting down their forests and over poaching for illegal trade. Doing this makes "the natural habitat of the tiger and its prey disappear, causing them to die out steadily".  If this continues, one day, the world could be without these beautiful creatures. As of 2000, the tiger population had declined by 17% , with only 600 tigers in the wild. Currently, there are only 3,900 tigers left in the world, making them classified as Critically Endangered or Endangered.

Text Source: www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/12/palm-oil-sumatran-tigers-extinction-big-cats-animals/
Photo Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/fYY6MykSLY4774Lh6

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Effects of the Decrease in the Sumatran Tiger Population

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Effects of the Decrease in the Sumatran Tiger Population

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Not only are the Sumatran Tiger's decreasing, but so are orangutans, pygmy elephants, and the Sumatran Rhino. These species are going extinct due to the deforestation of their homes for use in palm oil, rubber, and coal in the area. The following graph shows the decrease of the orangutan monkeys. The decrease of the tiger would lead to a imbalance in the ecosystem, damaging it, awfully ruining to diverse ecosystem.

Text Source:
https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=d4cf70c0f0944283a738900eaaebf471
Photo Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/Wa6sF4SH7TVabChw6

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Though these great beasts are rapidly declining, there are ways to prevent their extinction. "Many local and international groups are working to preserve the forests; the Indonesian government is also on board, but needs [to] do a lot more, he [Luskin] adds. In 2014, under pressure from conservation groups, the big oil palm companies adopted a no-deforestation policy".  Doing this would greatly help keep the tigers alive by allowing them to reproduce and have their population increase as well as allowing the forests to grow back.

Text Source: www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/12/palm-oil-sumatran-tigers-extinction-big-cats-animals/
Photo Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/9SbMvwAPSS6AHxan6