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The present simple, present continuous and present perfect tenses

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We use the present simple tense for things that we do regularly and for facts, habits, truths and permanent situations. We often use time expressions like every day, once a week, on Fridays.

I check my email every day. (regular activity)
Yuki works at the bank. (permanent situation)

Form:
For positive sentences, use the same form as the infinitive without 'to' for I, you, we and they. For he, she and it, add - s or - es to the infinitive. Make questions and negatives with do / does + the infinitive without 'to'.

They live in Rome.
Julian starts work at nine o'clock and finishes at five.
I don't eat meat.
It doesn't usually snow in October.
Why do you read the news online every day?
Does the supermarket sell stamps?

Present Continuous

We use the present continuous for things that are happening at the time we are speaking, for temporary situations, and for activities that are in progress.

Just a minute. I'm checking my email. (now)
She usually works in London, but she's working from home this week. (temporary)
I'm studying Economics (activity in progress)

We can also use the present continuous for future arrangements, usually with a time expression.

I'm seeing the doctor on Monday morning.

Form:
For positive sentences, the form is subject + am/is/are + verb-ing. Make questions and negatives with am/are/is + not + verb-ing.

Can I call you back later? We're having dinner right now.
He isn't answering his mobile at the moment.
What are you doing?
Is it raining?

Note: There are some verbs that we don't usually use in the continuous form. They are often verbs of thinking and feeling, for example: hear, see, smell, hate, know, understand, want, need.

WRONG: Could you explain that again? I'm not understanding.
CORRECT: Could you explain that again? I don't understand.

Present Perfect

Use the present perfect for:

1) Life experiences in the past. We don't say when these happened: we are interested in the experience, not the time or date. We often use ever and never.

I've seen all Tarantino's films.
Have you ever eaten sushi? - Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.

2) Recent past actions that are important now.

Oh no! I've left my wallet on the bus.
The president has resigned.

3) Past situations that are still happening now. We often use how long with for (throughout a period of time) and since (from a point in the past until now).

I haven't seen Jenny this morning. (It is still this morning.)
How long have you known Mitya? - I've known him for two years.
Jack's been in Italy since January.

4) With just, already, yet to talk about recent events in the past. The exact time is not important. Use just and already mainly in positive sentences. Use yet in negatives and questions.

It's just stopped raining. Let's go out.
Can you feed the cat? - I've already fed her.
We can still watch the film. It hasn't started yet.
Have you done your English homework yet?

Note: Use the past simple for completed actions in the past.

I saw Jenny yesterday.
Peter moved to Saudi Arabia in 2011.
Natasha didn't want another piece of cake.
When did you see Alex?

Form:
For positive sentences, the form is subject + have/has + past participle. Make negatives with not and change the word order to make questions.

I've finished the report.
Jack's been in Italy since January.
We've just got back from Germany.
I haven't seen Jenny this morning.
How long has Alex known Mitya?

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BBC Learning English - Course: intermediate / Unit 1 / Grammar Reference

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We use the present simple tense for things that we do regularly and for facts, habits, truths and permanent situations. We often use time expressions like every day, once a week, on Fridays. I check my email every day. (regular activity) Yuki works at the bank.

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YES/ NO QUESTIONS  AND WH- QUESTIONS

Is Alan late?
I don't know   IF /WHETHER ALAN IS LATE OR NOT

Why is he late?
I wonder WHY HE IS LATE.

Does he enjoy sailing?
She wants to know IF /WHETHER HE ENJOYS SAILING (OR NOT).

Where does he sail?
I have no idea WHERE HE SAILS.

Did she join the race?
Do you know WHETHER OR NOT SHE JOINED THE RACE?

When did she join the race?
I don't know WHEN SHE JOINED THE RACE

Have they done the hw?
They  worry IF /WHETHER THEY HAVE DONE THE HW.

Which hw haven’t they done?
WHICH HW THEY HAVEN’T DONE doesn't concern me

FORMING TWO QUESTIONS

DO YOU SEE THE GIRL? WHERE IS SHE STANDING?

DO YOU SEE THE GIRL WHERE SHE IS STANDING?

--------------------------

COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING WITH NOUN CLAUSES

1.She claims ______________

2.Nobody cares_____________

3. We have admitted__________

4. They consider_____________

5. It is obvious______________

6._________________________is not known.  (WHEN)
7.____________________________
depends on the weather.(WHETHER) 8.__________________________ can be decided after dinner. (WHERE)

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The English language is full of Noun Clauses. A Noun Clause is made up of a group of words with a Noun and a Verb.

A Noun is the name of a person, animal, place, thing, (or state; for example: happiness, excitement).

In other words, a Noun is the name of someone or something.

'Noun' means 'name'.

A Pronoun (it, she, you, him, this, etc.) replaces a noun. If you can replace a group of words with a pronoun, then that group of words is a type of Noun. In the following examples, the group of words is a Noun Clause.

A Noun Clause can be the s ubject, the object, or the complement in a sentence.

* Subject: Whatever Taylor Swift sings becomes a hit. jk It becomes a hit.

* Object: Did you know that Taylor Swift is only twenty-five? jk Did you know this ?

* Subject Complement: Taylor Swift's beauty and talent are what many girls dream of. m Taylor Swift's beauty and talent are this .

The Noun Clause can usually be identified by asking a question about the remainder of the sentence: (The answer to 'What ...?' is usually a noun.)

Question:What becomes a hit? Answer: What are Taylor Swift's beauty and talent? A: whatever Taylor Swift sings Question:What did I know? Answer: that Taylor Swift is only twenty-five? Question: what many girls dream of.

There are many Noun Clause . ( 'introduce' or 'signal' various grammar points.) Noun Clause introduce Noun Clauses. ' is the only Noun Clause Marker that is optional.

Noun Clause Markers can be summarised as:

There are various ways of learning about Noun Clauses, but for this post I'm just going to focus on a few in Taylor Swift's song Blank Space. Have a look at the chorus; the Noun Clauses are in pink. Try replacing the Noun Clauses with a pronoun.
So it's *gonna be forever or it's *gonna go down in flames. You can tell me when it's over if the high was worth the pain.

This is an easy chorus to sing and remember. Sing along a few times while watching the video, and you will soon be able to recall these examples of Noun Clauses. For a further explanation of Noun Clauses, click here for the Eslgold website. Click here and here for practice exercises. If you would like to practise forming Noun Clauses in indirect (embedded) questions, click here.

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The English language is full of Noun Clauses. A Noun Clause is made up of a group of words with a Noun and a Verb. A Noun is the name of a person, animal, place, thing, (or state; for exampl...

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CLICK HERE
1.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAFd4jjo0YU&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=BBCLearningEnglish

2.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/p08zgw82

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Catherine Hello and welcome to 6 Minute Grammar with me, Catherine.

Always, Finn. I wouldn't hit you without a good reason. And the reason is, we're talking about active and passive voice today. And in the active voice we say Catherine hit Finn: subject - verb - object. Like this:

Ok - Finn was hit by Catherine. We put the receiver of the verb at the beginning of the sentence, plus the verb to be and the past participle, to make a passive sentence: Finn was hit by Catherine. So here's Rob with some examples of active and passive sentences. First an active sentence:

Thank you. Right, in many situations, the passive sentence the child was rescued would sound more natural than somebody rescued the child - now, that's if we feel the child is more important than the rescuer.

Yes - and we don't know who rescued the child, so we don't need to say by somebody. It's just: The child was rescued.

Finn
That's right - if you don't know who or what is doing the verb, or if it's not important, or if it's obvious, you can leave it out completely, like this:

That's right. When the thing receiving the action of the verb is important, you can show this importance, by putting it at the start of the sentence, and using the verb to be plus the past participle of the verb to make a passive form.

And if the person or thing doing the verb is obvious, unimportant or unknown, you can leave it out.

Now, here's a tip for using the passive voice in spoken English. You may hear people use the verb get instead of the verb be, like this:

And we use it when we're more interested in the object of a verb, or if the subject is unknown or obvious.

Finn
There's more about this on our website at bbclearningenglish.com. Join us again soon for more 6 Minute Grammar.

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BBC Learning English - Course: intermediate / Unit 12 / Session 2 / Activity 3

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Catherine Hello and welcome to 6 Minute Grammar with me, Catherine. Always, Finn. I wouldn't hit you without a good reason. And the reason is, we're talking about active and passive voice today. And in the active voice we say Catherine hit Finn: subject - verb - object.