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The Milan Conference - Loretta Ting Per 1 (questions and answers)

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The Milan Conference - Loretta Ting Per 1 (questions and answers)

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1. What is it?

The Second International congress of educators of the Deaf, also known as the Milan Conference, took place in 1880. It was where Deaf educators had gathered and had decided that teaching Deaf people speech and lip reading was better than sign language. Because of this, sign language was banned.

2 & 3. Who initiated it?  Who are they?

The Milan Conference was made up of many Deaf educators from multiple countries.

4. What is their or it's connection to the Deaf Community?

The event has a negative connection to the Deaf community. It was the start of a dark time for Deaf people due to the banning of sign language. This caused many Deaf teachers to lose their jobs as well.

5. What is their or its connection to sign language?

The Milan Conference prohibited the use of sign language, switching to oralism as the primary way to educate Deaf children.

6. How did it hinder the Deaf community (if applicable)?

It hindered the Deaf community in many ways. Many Deaf teachers had lost their jobs, and Deaf students were forced to not use sign language and instead speak and lip read. The conference took away a great part of Deaf culture from its people.

7. How did it hinder the ASL or sign language (if applicable)?

It hindered sign language greatly. The people at the conference thought that letting the Deaf community use sign language would encourage them not to speak, read, and be “normal”. Because of this, oralism was decided to be the best way to handle Deaf education, and sign was prohibited. This decision ruined many lives.

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The Milan Conference - Loretta Ting Per 1 (info graphic)

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The Milan Conference - Loretta Ting Per 1 (info graphic)

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The BDA otherwise known as the British Deaf Association. Is a deaf-led British charity that campaigns and advocacy for deaf people who use British Sign language. It was put into motion by the NADD (National Association for the Deaf and Dumb). The creation of the NADD that had been in response to the perceived threats to the language and education rights. Their connection to the language and the deaf community is that of how they educated people about Sign language and had in the future from when it was created deleted the word dumb for there official title.

The BDA stands for three concrete ideas which are equality, access, and the freedom of choice. The equality part of it had meant that they were able to access information and the same opportunities in their age range. The access part of it wanted every deaf person to have access to the services from a government way. And the freedom of choice was that they had the choice to either sign or speak or both with sanction and without obstacles.

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1. What is it?

Martha’s Vineyard is an island off the southeastern coast of Massachusetts

2. Who initiated it?

Thomas Mayhew bought the land

Jonathan Lambert in 1694 he was the first settler who was deaf to set foot on the island

Bartholomew Gosnold discovered the land

3. Who are they?

Jonathan Lambert

First to set foot on land 🤬 was deaf

Family was deaf too

On the land deafness became common

People used Martha’s vineyard sign language

Was born in 1657

He married his wife at this place/ she was not deaf

some of his children were deaf and some were hearing

4. What is their or it's connection to the Deaf Community?

The first two people did not really have a tight connection with the deaf community but Jonathan Lambert did. He was the first deaf person to come there. The people there developed martha’s sign language and he was part of the deaf community

5. What is their or it's connection to sign language?

They learned Martha’s vineyard sign language and made it so that everyone could be able to use it to communicate even the hearing people. Since he was deaf he too used MVSL

6. one of these:

a. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)?

People who were deaf or hearing were able to communicate with each other and did not feel left out in the process

7. one of these:

a. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)?

It helped ASL language because later on MVSL later merged with mainland sign language to form ASL

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Socrates mentions the use of signs by the deaf Plato’s Cratylus. Socrates discusses innate intelligence, and claims that Deaf people are incapable of language and ideas.

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Socrates mentions the use of signs by the deaf Plato’s Cratylus. Socrates discusses innate intelligence, and claims that Deaf people are incapable of language and ideas.

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by who??
1000 B.C.: Hebrew Law denies deaf rights. Torah protects the deaf from being cursed by others, but does not allow them to participate fully in the rituals of the Temple. ... The Greeks also viewed the Greek language as perfect and anyone who could not speak to be a barbarian, thus deaf people were barbarians.

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English physician, author, and early educator of the deaf, best known for his four late-Renaissance texts, which called on his knowledge of deafness, sign language, and the human body

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355 B.C : Aristotle said, "Those  who are born deaf become senseless and incapable of reason." 

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355 B.C : Aristotle said, "Those  who are born deaf become senseless and incapable of reason." 

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Obviously this is wrong, but in ancient Greece deaf education was nearly non-existant yet there was a sign language present. In fact, Plato diagreed with aristotle stating that the 'gestures' used to communicate suggested that deaf people were intelligent. Aristitle's reasoned that because deaf people could not speak the greek language, then they must be barbaric by nature.

Joseph Leal

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Was appointed to as a duke for Friedrich Wihelm, and was a great demonstrator.

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by who? 1000 bc hebrew law states that the torah protects the deaf from being cursed by others but does not allow deaf people to participate fully in the rituals 

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by who? 1000 bc hebrew law states that the torah protects the deaf from being cursed by others but does not allow deaf people to participate fully in the rituals 

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Alexander Graham Bell 1870 Anti-Deaf/Sign Language Articles

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Alexander Graham Bell 1870 Anti-Deaf/Sign Language Articles

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by who???
(file did not work, this is what was on it)
Alexander Graham Bell’s views on Deafness are often swept under the rug during discussions amongst hearing people. The Deaf community, however, can never forget the negative impact he had on them. He was a fan of the oralist method of Deaf education, this involves Deaf people learning to speak and read lips in order to communicate. He wrote articles on his ideas about Deaf education which includes the oralist method. In these articles, he refers to Deaf people as “the deaf and dumb” and thought that Deaf people need to change for society and give up sign language, which is their native language. His views along with the Milan Conference in Italy caused many Deaf people to lose their jobs as well as limited the communication between Deaf people. Even after all of this, one of his ideas that is hated the most is his thoughts on genetics. He believed that if two Deaf people were to marry they would have Deaf children, so in order to stop that he tried to prevent marriages between Deaf people. All of his ideas tore the Deaf community apart, ripped them of their language, and caused many Deaf people to be ashamed of who they are. He may have been a great inventor, but his crimes against the Deaf community should not go unnoticed.

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Friar Juan Pablo Bonet published a book on Deaf education. He wanted to use sign language to help Deaf people learn to speak.

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by who??                                  not sure how to post the link of my presentation but here's the answers to the questions:   

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by who??                                  not sure how to post the link of my presentation but here's the answers to the questions:   

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What is it?
The Americans with Disabilities Act was motioned in 1990 and it promotes discrimination against people with disabilities.

The intention behind starting it: To give equal opportunities to everybody and not to hold disabilities against a person.

Deaf or Hard of Hearing: They are not to be treated differently than other people or segregated. Even if they are deaf or hard of hearing they have a right to jobs and other opportunities since they are provided the same services that everybody else has.

Who initiated it?
It was initiated by the 100th congress. Was signed in 1990 by President George Bush on July 26.

ADA’s Connection to the Deaf Community

Access to the same law enforcement as everybody else

Is able to get an interpreter in court if that’s what the individual wants

The right to have access to education

Get the same rights that all people have & cannot be denied of them

Connection to Sign Language
The deaf or hard of hearing person could be using sign language, it is their choice. If they decide to use it, it should not be held against them, they still have the same rights as everybody else.

Supporting the Deaf Community
Since most of the world is hearing the American Disabilities Act opens new opportunities for deaf or hard of hearing people. Before this act there could have been places where they were denied law enforcement or basic rights because they were deaf although now this is illegal. It created a step in the right direction that they should not be segregated.

Supporting Sign Language

They could not be discriminated form using sign language. If deaf or hard of hearing people were using it, it should be no different of a response to people if they are using any other sort of communication.

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by who?

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1000 BC Hebrew law
1000 B.C.
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Anonymous
1h
1000 B.C.: Hebrew Law denies deaf rights. Torah protects the deaf from being cursed by others, but does not allow them to participate fully in the rituals of the Temple. ... The Greeks also viewed the Greek language as perfect and anyone who could not speak to be a barbarian, thus deaf people were barbarians.
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1000 bc hebrew law states that the torah protects the deaf from being cursed by others but does not allow deaf people to participate fully in the rituals
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1000 bc hebrew law states that the torah protects the deaf from being cursed by others but does not allow deaf people to participate fully in the rituals 
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355 BC Aristotle says
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355 B.C : Aristotle said, "Those who are born deaf become senseless and incapable of reason."
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Anonymous
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355 B.C : Aristotle said, "Those  who are born deaf become senseless and incapable of reason." 
Obviously this is wrong, but in ancient Greece deaf education was nearly non-existant yet there was a sign language present. In fact, Plato diagreed with aristotle stating that the 'gestures' used to communicate suggested that deaf people were intelligent. Aristitle's reasoned that because deaf people could not speak the greek language, then they must be barbaric by nature.


Joseph Leal
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cool video or slide show I made.
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Burnie Gipson
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cool video or slide show I made. 
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360 BC Socrates
Socrates mentions the use of signs by the deaf Plato’s Cratylus. Socrates discusses innate intelligence, and claims that Deaf people are incapable of language and ideas.
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Anonymous
1h
Socrates mentions the use of signs by the deaf Plato’s Cratylus. Socrates discusses innate intelligence, and claims that Deaf people are incapable of language and ideas.
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77 AD Pliny the Elder

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354-430 AD St Augustine

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1521 Rudolf Agricola

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1501-1576 Girolamo Cardano

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1591 Alberti, a German physician
German Physician, Author.
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 German Physician, Author.
Was appointed to as a duke for Friedrich Wihelm, and was a great demonstrator.


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1614-1684 John Bulwer
English physician, a
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English physician, author, and early educator of the deaf, best known for his four late-Renaissance texts, which called on his knowledge of deafness, sign language, and the human body
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1620 Deaf Education occurs in Spain.
Friar Juan Pablo Bonet published a book on Deaf education. He wanted to use sign language to help Deaf people learn to speak.
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Anonymous
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Friar Juan Pablo Bonet published a book on Deaf education. He wanted to use sign language to help Deaf people learn to speak.
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1680 George Dalgarno

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1755 Samuel Heinicke

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1760 Abbe Charles Michel de l'Epee

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1822 Abbe Roch Concurrou (Curcurran) Sicard

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French Monks in the 1700-1800's influence on sign language.

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Deaf oral schools in any European Country from 1600-1800

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Deaf schools w/Sign Language  in any European Country from 1600-1800

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1760 Thomas Braidwood

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1776 Abbe de l’Eppee

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Martha’s vinyard
Amy Zhou
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Amy Zhou
1. What is it?
Martha’s Vineyard is an island off the southeastern coast of Massachusetts 
2. Who initiated it?
Thomas Mayhew bought the land 
Jonathan Lambert in 1694 he was the first settler who was deaf to set foot on the island 
Bartholomew Gosnold discovered the land 
3. Who are they?
Jonathan Lambert 
First to set foot on land 🤬 was deaf 
Family was deaf too
On the land deafness became common 
People used Martha’s vineyard sign language
Was born in 1657
He married his wife at this place/ she was not deaf
some of his children were deaf and some were hearing
4. What is their or it's connection to the Deaf Community?
The first two people did not really have a tight connection with the deaf community but Jonathan Lambert did. He was the first deaf person to come there. The people there developed martha’s sign language and he was part of the deaf community  
5. What is their or it's connection to sign language?
They learned Martha’s vineyard sign language and made it so that everyone could be able to use it to communicate even the hearing people. Since he was deaf he too used MVSL
6. one of these:
a. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)?
People who were deaf or hearing were able to communicate with each other and did not feel left out in the process 
7. one of these:
a. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)?
It helped ASL language because later on MVSL later merged with mainland sign language to form ASL


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Info-graphic I made Amy Zhou
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Anonymous
1h
Info-graphic I made Amy Zhou  
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1812 John Braidwood.

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1817 American School for the Deaf

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1818 The New York Institution

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1831 Dr. Samuel Howe

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St. Joseph Catholic School for the Deaf 1837

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1846 American Annals of the Deaf

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1856 Amos Kendal

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1865 The Empire State Association

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1873 Georg

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The National Association of the Deaf (per 1)  by Briijit

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The National Association of the Deaf (per 1)  by Briijit

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https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DaS6kmKVumK0FPnqdxjGUOkc5thHDNS1u7HXQwW6ZZI/edit#slide=id.g82efb0f82b_0_0

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What is it?
- The American School for the Deaf is the oldest permanent school for the Deaf in the U.S. Established in 1817 in Hartford, Connecticut.
Who Initiated it?
- The school was initiated/ Founded by Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, Dr. Mason Cogswell, and Laurent Clerc.
Who are they?
- Thomas Gallaudet co-founded the American school for the Deaf, and became the first principle. He was impressed with manual method, and studied teaching methology. He learned sign language from Massieu and Clerc. He convinced Clerc to go to America with him and they toured New England and raised public and private funds to fund a deaf school which was later known as the school for the Deaf.
- Laurent Clerc was born on December 26, 1785 and was known as a popular Deaf person in American history.He burned himself as a child and him nor his parents could tell if that was the reason as to why he was deaf or if he was born that way.He was a teacher in Paris and was taught by Abbe Sicard and Jean Massieu who were deaf and Learned English from Gallaudet and moved to America with him to Co-found the American school for the Deaf.
-Mason Cogswell was born on September 28, 1761 in Ceterbury, Connecticut. Cogswell graduated valedictorian in Yale where he studied medicine. Had a 2 year old daughter named Alice who was deaf but due to the fact that there was not a much standardized sign language  he sent out Gallaudet to Germany and France to try to find someone that could teach sign language in America and was successful in France. Eventually Cogswell was able to assist in finding the first deaf school for students and his daughter.

Support on Deaf Community and Sign Language
- Was one of the most positive aspects to the Deaf community and the language itself
- Known as the ¨mother school¨ because it provided a great educational program
- The language spread which led to deaf culture
- Students eventually desired to become Deaf teachers and principles of schools
- This period was eventually know as the ¨Golden Age¨ due to all the positive things that this school brought

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Make videos in minutes with Powtoon. Use our library of styles, characters, backgrounds and video, or upload your own! Free. Easy. Awesome. Sign up today!

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i answered the questions in my slides.

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The American School for the Deaf is the first Deaf school in the US.

Thomas Gallaudet brought it together with the help of Abbe Sicard, and Laurent Clerc.  Abbe Sicard was the Director of the French Institute for the Deaf in Paris, and Laurent Clerc was one of his assistants. Thomas Gallaudet wanted to set up a school for Alice Cogswell, and all other Deaf kids in the US. Before this, kids had to be shipped overseas to be able to get an education, so he wanted to fix that. He went to France to study French Sign Language and came back with Laurent Clerc to set up a school. It supported the Deaf community because it created a resource for Deaf students in America. This would eventually lead to even more accessible Deaf schools for all students around the U.S. The school supported ASL because it was actually developed at this school! It was based on Old French Sign Language, but the student that attended also adapted it to their needs too.

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1. What is it?
- he was the founder of Britain's first school for the deaf.
2. Who initiated it?
- Thomas Braidwood
3. Who are they?
- a Scottish educator
4. His/Her connection to the deaf community?
-created more opportunity for the deaf in Britain to be educated
5.  His/Her connection to sign language?
- The school he had founded taught a mixture of sign language and Lip reading which then became an early form of BSL (British sign language)
6. How did it support the deaf community?
- This allowed for deaf people in Britain to get an education and learn a language that worked for them better than oralism.
7. How did this suppport ASL?
- This was the start of the use of any type of sign language in Britain and was the base for starting BSL.

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Canva infographic

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An organization established in 1977 that seeks to establish and maintain a society of deaf lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex and other identities

This association is responsible to carry and passing the torch to the next generation to understand more about the richness of Deaf culture.

RAD mission is to integrate, support, and serve the following:

• Social/Fellowship
• Education
• Leadership/Team-Building
• Visibility/Awareness
• Diversity
• Network
• Advocacy ​
• Deaf Gay, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer – Deaf LGBTQ

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https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/15wscpwp2SeDtlrJgKgMwCVbHCYbd5Pyruocb1Qm8Jl4/edit#slide=id.g82e699ab1e_0_15

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Gerolamo Cardano was an Italian polymath, whose interests and proficiencies ranged from being a mathematician, physician, biologist, physicist, chemist, astrologer, astronomer, philosopher, writer, and gambler.

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Dr. Samuel Howe was an American physician, educator, and abolitionist. He founded the New-England Institution for the Education of the Blind. It would later be named the Perkins School for the Blind. Dr.Samuel also started in Massachusetts the School for Idiotic and Feeble-Minded Youth.Howe revolutionized the way that the blind and, to some degree, the deaf came to be educated.

Massachusetts blind school that was the first institution of its kind in the country—appointed Howe as their director.

he sailed back to Europe to observe schools for the blind.

In 1832 he opened a new school in Boston, and gained national fame through newspaper and magazine

Laura Bridgman joined the school; she had lost the ability to see, hear, taste, and smell five years earlier

Bridgman learned to use her sense of touch to recognize letters of the alphabet and English words to communicate.

Bridgman was one of the earliest individuals with deaf blindness to learn language, and the first American to do so.

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1. Who was it?

Heinicke was a German teacher who taught orolism to deaf people

While Heinicke was studying the army he read a book called “The Speaking Deaf” by a European doctor

That book is what inspired Heinicke to educate deaf children

2. what is their connection to the Deaf Community?

1754 was when Heinickes started teaching students

Heinickes had a one deaf student which he taught the manual alphabet to

3. How did they hinder sign language

At first Heinicke taught sign and gestures

Later on he felt that it was not enough and soon started teaching speech and lipreading

In 1788, Heinicke opened the first German school of the deaf he strongly believed in the oralism method of teaching

He also against the use and reliance on sign language

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1eVrVyCyafxWYG9zZlF7rOwQH3Rz1nA1FGHV8Ewth_qY/edit#slide=id.p

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1. What is it?

L’Épée decided to dedicate himself to the education and salvation of the deaf, and in 1760, he founded a school for the deaf in France

2. Who initiated it?

Abbé Charles-Michel de l'Épée

3. Who are they?

A French Catholic priest who founded the first social and religious association for deaf people around 1750

4. What is their connection to the Deaf Community?

He established the first public free deaf school which was now called Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris

Known as the “Father of the Deaf” because of the twenty-one schools he established and all he has done for the deaf

5. What is their connection to sign language?

Deaf children had signed at home then brought these signs with them to the school. L’Épée learned all of these different signs and utilized the signs he learned to teach his students French

Standard language L’Épée used is known as Old French Sign Language

6. a. How did it support the Deaf community?

He gave opportunities for deaf people to communicate and developed successful education methods for deaf people in France

b. How did it support sign language?

His manual alphabet, which was called French Sign Language was adapted into American Sign Language a few decades after his death

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by who?

The journal is published by Gallaudet University Press in Washington, D.C. It was first established in 1847 as the American Annals of the Deaf and Dumb, the journal's name was changed upon the printing of volume 31, issue 4.

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1. What is it
It is services through the advancement of the social, intellectual, moral, and economic standings for deaf citizens that live in the state of New York
2. Who Initiated It
Initiated by the graduates and former people of the New York Institute for the Deaf
3. Who are they
They help deaf people in new york find jobs, etc.
4.What is their or its connection to the deaf community
They help the Deaf signifcally and make their lifes easier
5.What is their or its connection to sign language
They are also deaf and they use sign language on a daily basis and communicate using it with other deaf citizens
6.aHow did it support deaf community
It supported it by making their life much more easier instead of them trying to communicste with the hearing to get jobs or do other things.
7a. How did it support the ASL or sign language
It hlped improve it since they will use it everyday to communicate with workers instead of struggling in the hearing world and trying to do things on their own with no help.

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1. Who is he? George Wallace an American Politician who served as the 45th Governor of Alabama, and a Democratic
2. Who initiated it? N/A
3. Who are they? Born in Clio, Alabama, Wallace attended the university of Alabama School of Law and served in United States Army Air Corp during World War 2
4. What is their or it's connection to the Deaf Community? No connection with the Deaf Community, but later in his years, he suffered from Deafness and Parkinson's Disease
5. What is their or it's connection to sign language? There was no connection between sign language and George Wallace
6. one of these:
a. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)? George Wallace didn't really support the Deaf Community, but in a sense that he was the 45th governor of Alabama, who later became Deaf and he was able to accomplish many of his goals
7. one of these:
a. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)? No, his accomplishments didn't support nor hinder ASL or Sign Language
Anything else you found interesting.
The "politically tone-deaf" Le-May became a drag on Wallace's candidacy for the remainder of the campaign.

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1. 1620 Deaf Education occurs in Spain.

2. Juan Pablo

3. They are people from Spain

4. Their connect to deaf community by publishing deaf books

5. They connected to the language by making books about deaf language

6. It supported the deaf community because him and his secretary made deaf books

7. It didn’t really hinder the language he just made a couple books about deaf language

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(questions part)
1. Gallaudet university is the national deaf mute college
2. Thomas hopkins gallaudet
3. he is the founder of gallaudet aka the first school for the deaf
4. It was the first Deaf school so it was a very big thing for the Deaf community
5. Obviously since it is a Deaf school sign language isnt frowned appon at all so thats it connection with the language
6. This was a VERY big deal for the Deaf community because it was the first Deaf school
7. it became a good place to advertise the culture and community of asl
8. to say the least the "Deaf president now" movement was a big controversy

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Nyle DiMarco (born May 8,1989)[is an American model, actor, and deaf activist. In 2015, DiMarco was the second male winner and the first deaf winner of The CW’S America's  Next Top Model Cycle 22.  The following year, he won season 22 of the ABC televised dance competition Dancing With the Stars, with professional dance partner Peta Murgatroyd. He is the first deaf celebrity to win the competition. He wanted to use his platform to inspire the deaf community and empower them. In 2015, DiMarco was the second male winner and the first deaf winner of The CW's America's Next Top Model Cycle 22. The following year, he won season 22 of the ABC televised dance competition Dancing with the Stars, with professional dance partner Peta Murgatroyd. Nyle DiMarco, the deaf supermodel who previously rose to prominence winning America's Next Top Model, has been crowned the victor of Dancing With The Stars, alongside his dancing partner Peta Murgatroyd. Nyle DiMarco is an American model, actor, and deaf activist

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Deaf Oral schools in any European Country from 1600-1800- Haley Birton per 4

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Deaf Oral schools in any European Country from 1600-1800- Haley Birton per 4

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1. Oralism is the education of Deaf  students through oral  language by using lip reading, speech, and mimicking the mouth shapes and breathing patterns of speech.
2. The connection is trying to teach Deaf kids how to talk instead of sign.
3. Oralism affected the Deaf community because they were not able to sign and have a better communication.

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1. What is it?

The French Monk influence on sign language was made when there was a public and free Deaf school.

2. Who initiated it?

The Spanish monasteries initiated the influence on sign language. Lots of religious people during the time had a  big influence on sign language.

3. Who are they?

They were people such as Pedro Ponce de Leon, a Spanish monk, and Abbe Charles Michel de L’Epee

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August, 1924

First International Silent Games, Paris. Deaf sporting leaders from France, Belgium, Great Britain, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, and Czechoslovakia form CISS.

October, 1926

CISS statutes adopted, Brussels, Belgium

1935

Japan joins CISS as the first Asian member and the United States joins CISS as the first North American member.

1939

264 athletes from 13 countries participate and Swedish prince Gustav-Adolf becomes first royal representative to attend Games (held in Stockholm)

1949

First Winter Games (held in Seefeld, Austria)

1955

The International Olympic Committee recognizes CISS as an "International Federation with Olympic Standing".

Australia and New Zealand join CISS as first Oceania members.

1957

Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay join CISS as first South American members.

1965

International Silent Games held outside of Europe for the first time, in Washington DC, the United States.

1966

CISS was awarded the Olympic Cup by the International Olympic Committee for its services to sports.

1967

International Silent Games renamed World Silent Games to recognize their world-wide nature.

1974

50th anniversary celebrations in Paris. The CISS Museum opened in Rome.

1975

South Africa joins CISS as the first African member.

1981

World Games (in Cologne, Germany), attended for the first time by an IOC President, Mr. Juan Antonio Samaranch. English adopted as the sole language of correspondence, although the title, Comité International des Sports des Sourds, was retained in remembrance of the organization's origin.

1985

Recognition of Regional Confederations.

1988-1993

CISS abandons its attempts towards the incorporation of the World Games into the Paralympics. In recognition of the unique communication requirements of deaf athletes, the prohibitive costs of providing interpreters, the inability to accommodate the growing numbers of deaf competitors, and for a number of other reasons, CISS withdraws from the International Paralympics Committee, but retains IOC recognition and support.

1999

Celebrated 75th Anniversary.

2001

Received official recognition from the International Olympic Committee for the new name of our Games - Deaflympics.

Became a member of SportAccord (known as GAISF).

2005

First ever female president elected.

2006

ICSD in compliance with WADA Signatory Code.

2009

104 countries in ICSD.

2013

Co-operation Agreement between World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) and International Committee of Sport for the Deaf (ICSD)

2013

109 countries in ICSD.

2016

A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the International Committee of Sports for the Deaf (ICSD) was signed on 08 March 2016 at the IOC headquarters in Lausanne.

2017

113 countries in ICSD.

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1. What is it? Marthas VIneyard

2. Who initiated it?  Johnathan Lambert

3. Who are they? He established the first English settlement of Martha vineyard

4. What is their or it's connection to the Deaf Community? It was known as an island for deaf people

5. What is their or it's connection to sign language? It was used by both deaf and hearing people

6. one of these:

a. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)? It supported deaf people buy it being a sign friendly place for deaf people to sign

7. one of these:

a. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)? It allowed people to get togetherand make new signs and disguss and talk

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make sure presentation link is openly shared and not private
(Presentation)

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1. It is Samuel Heinicke school for the Deaf

2. Samuel Heinicke

3. He is from germany, he started tutoring kids and one was Deaf. He used the manual alphabet to teach the boy

4. His connection to the deaf community is he started tutoring and one of the kids was a deaf boy

5. He doesn't have a connection to asl, he was known for teaching deaf children to speak

6. He hindered the deaf community because he taught Deaf children oralism

7. He hindered asl because he ran an oralism based school, the children could only communicate verbally. They weren't allowed to use ASL

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https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/15iu05aBWyN1ZPKKYlmiva7_6bKOVEdnNzw8KeKMQhdg/edit#slide=id.g830f6555b7_0_261) TTY stands for teletypewriter,the TTY was made to help communitcate easier, the TTY especially helped out Deaf/hard of hearing people communicate
2)The TTY was invented on may 1964, in california, at first the creaters tested it out in their own home
3) To use a TTY  at home the other person you want contact both people must have a TTY to beable to communicate.

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1.) Marthas

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The National Association of The Deaf (period 4)

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The National Association of The Deaf (period 4)

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SNPEU_SH3n3OlXepwhWYSE95l_ClnfPIjtggxZAkCWs/edit

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Rudolf Agricola was a Dutch humanist from the 14th century. Although he died in 1485,  De Inventione Dialectica, one of his most famous works, was published in 1521. This publication, comprised of dialectical ideas and concepts, references Agricola's views on Deaf people. He believed that Deaf people's intellectual ability was no different from others, and that a possible form of communication for them could be through writing. His positivity towards the Deaf community was one of the earliest on record.

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here is the link to a slide show I made about him:

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1. The American Annals of the Deaf is a professional journal dedicated to quality in education and related services for deaf or hard of hearing children and adults.

2. It supports the deaf community because this was the first journal to the quality of deaf education and trying to spread the word

3. Their connection to the deaf community is that they wrote about the education of the community

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The British Deaf Association is a British charity that is a deaf-led campaign and advocates deaf people that use BSL. This came by the National Association for the Deaf and Dumb (NADD). This was founded by deaf people in 1886.

Francis Maginn initiated the British Deaf Association, he was a co Founder.

The Deaf British Association stood for 3 things, equality, which means to give deaf people access to information and services for any deaf person to be able to communicate in anyway. Access, to services to a government level down a local shop of any forms of a preferred language, and last Freedom of Choice, every deaf person has and should have the right to communicate in anyway they can freely without facing any obstacles.

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Q1-3
The American School for the Deaf was the first permanent school for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing. It was established in 1817 by Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and Laurent Clerk. Thomas Gallaudet initiated the idea for this school because of his neighbors daughter, Alice Cogswell. Alice was a bright young Deaf girl and Gallaudet saw that. He saw that she wasn't getting the education she deserved so he made it his mission to build the school. He traveled to Europe to learn the proper way to communicate with Deaf people. Along the way he was introduced to Laurent Clerc. Laurent Clerc taught Gallaudet French sign Language so that he could bring it back to America. After three months in Paris, Gallaudet decided he had to go back to America and he invited Clerc with him. They came back to America and established the first American School for the Deaf.
Q5 and Q7
The American School for the Deaf is where American Sign Language got its true stat. When students started coming to the school, they were being thought French sign Language. Overtime, the teachers noticed that students were using different signs for specific words. This was because many students came to the school from Martha's Vineyards, an island in Massachusetts where there used to be a large Deaf population and they had developed their own sign language. When the signs from Martha's Vineyards were brought to the School of the Deaf, it developed what we know of today as American Sign Language.
Q4 and Q6
The American School for the Deaf has a large connection to the Deaf community because Deaf schools are known to build the Deaf identity of  Child. When the school was opened, the students used sign language which flourished their identities. Deaf schools help Deaf kids interact with other Deaf kids which creates a sense of unity. After the Milan conference though, when Oralism became the main language for the Deaf, children did not have the same outcome in school as when Sign language was used. The fact that the firsts American School for the Deaf used signing at first, helped create a strong Deaf community today.

LINK TO INFO-GRAPHIC

https://create.piktochart.com/output/45610447-1817-american-school-for-the-deaf

(This is a picture of the American School for the Deaf)

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The national association of the deaf (period 3)

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The national association of the deaf (period 3)

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1. The NAD is an organization for the promation of the rights of deaf people in the United States.
2. It was initaiated by Robert P. McGregor.
3.  He was a principal of the Colorafo Schools for the deaf.
4.  His connection was serving as the first president of the national association of the deaf.
5.  There was no connection of him between to sign language.
6.  He supported for the endowment fund.
7. He supported students and staff at Gallaudet University.

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1. It was a professional journal dedicated to quality in education and related services for deaf or hard of hearing children and adults
2. Gallaudet University Press in Washington, D.C.
3.  English-language journal dealing with deafness and the education of deaf persons
4.Their connection was to educate and relate  services for deaf or hard of hearing children and adults
6. It supported the deaf community because it was widely read English-language journal dealing with deafness and the education of deaf persons
7. It supported ASL because it  related services for deaf or hard of hearing children and adults

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Leviticus 19:14 says, "You shall not curse the deaf or put a stumbling block before the blind, but you shall fear your God: I am the Lord". This basically means that the Jewish people are to accommodate and help those who are deaf, despite what they are unable to do (hear).

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1. Founded in 1818 the new York Institution or the New York instructions for the Deaf was is the second oldest school for the Deaf. The New York instruction for the Deaf taught grades from 1-12.

2. The Instruction for the Deaf was started in 1818 by reverend John Stanford when he had gathered a group of Deaf children to tech them language basics and to teach them the alphabet.

3. The founder of the school Rev. John Stanford was a religious each who got the idea to start the school after teaching.

4. The school was the second Deaf school.

5. The school's goal was to teach basic language and alphabet skills

6. Even with  the schools  success the school tends to be referred to as a Deaf and dumb school even though it is an offensive way to refer to deaf people. The school is no longer being misrepresented.

7. The school only taught basic sign language at first bus since then has expanded to teaching ASL.

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1. What is it?

Civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public. The purpose of the law is to make sure that people with disabilities have the same rights and opportunities as everyone else. The ADA gives civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities similar to those provided to individuals on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, and religion. Guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation, state and local government services, and telecommunications.

2. Who initiated it?

101st United States Congress

3. Who are they?

George H. W. Bush, Dan Quayle,

4. What is their or its connection to the Deaf Community?

Under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), people who are deaf or hard of hearing are entitled to the same services law enforcement provides to anyone else. They may not be excluded or segregated from services, be denied services, or otherwise be treated differently than other people. Law enforcement agencies must make efforts to ensure that their personnel communicate effectively with people whose disability affects hearing. This applies to both sworn and civilian personnel.

5. What is their or its connection to sign language?

Law enforcement agencies must provide the communication aids and services needed to communicate effectively with people who are deaf or hard of hearing, except when a particular aid or service would result in an undue burden or a fundamental change in the nature of the law enforcement services being provided.

6. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)?

By eliminating discrimination of Deaf community greatly through strict rules for hearing people when it comes to conversation with a deaf person.

7. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)?

It makes conversation between hearing and deaf people much easier, like bringing an interpreter who has knowledge of ASL, or have them write a note to respond to deaf people.

Anything else you found interesting.

List of things you can communicate with deaf people:

Speech supplemented by gestures and visual aids can be used in some cases.

A pad and pencil, a word processor, or a typewriter can be used to exchange written notes.

A teletypewriter (TTY) can be used to exchange written messages over the telephone.

An assistive listening system or device to amplify sound can be used when speaking with a person who is hard of hearing.

A sign language interpreter can be used when speaking with a person who knows sign language.

An oral interpreter can be used when speaking with a person who has been trained to speech read (read lips). Note: Do not assume that speech reading will be effective in most situations. On average, only about one third of spoken words can be understood by speech reading.

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1.The Braidwoods Academy was a school designated for deaf education, using a method of sign language and lip-reading                      2.Thomas Braidwood established Braidwoods Academy in Grove House, London during 1783 3.Braidwood was a Scottish educator and the originator of the first school for the deaf in Britain                                       4.He held a connection to the Deaf community by working to teach a deaf student to write after only working with  hearing students. The deaf son’s father, later induced Braidwood to teach deaf children                                   5.The Braidwoods Academy connection to sign language was the system of educating their students to communicate by using some sign                         6.The academy supported the Deaf community by not entirely using the methods of oralism and were the first to use and teach sign language 7.The Braidwoods used sign which later lead the way and influenced the communication of sign to be more widespread, therefore supporting sign language       

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1.The Braidwoods Academy was a school designated for deaf education, using a method of sign language and lip-reading                      2.Thomas Braidwood established Braidwoods Academy in Grove House, London during 1783 3.Braidwood was a Scottish educator and the originator of the first school for the deaf in Britain                                       4.He held a connection to the Deaf community by working to teach a deaf student to write after only working with  hearing students. The deaf son’s father, later induced Braidwood to teach deaf children                                   5.The Braidwoods Academy connection to sign language was the system of educating their students to communicate by using some sign                         6.The academy supported the Deaf community by not entirely using the methods of oralism and were the first to use and teach sign language 7.The Braidwoods used sign which later lead the way and influenced the communication of sign to be more widespread, therefore supporting sign language       

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Info on the National Association of the Deaf

1. What is it?

Also known as NAD is the nation's premier civil rights organization for all Deaf and Hard of Hearing people in the US.

2. Who initiated it?

Founded in Cincinnati Ohio, it is a non profit organization run by a group of Deaf people, the first president was Robert P. McGregor.

3. Who are they?

(repetitive answer) They are an organization in the US that help fight for the rights of all Deaf and Hard of Hearing people.

4. What is their or its connection to the Deaf Community?

In 1880 this organization was established by people who believed in The rights of the american Deaf community. These organizations help protect the Deaf community on a national level and make sure that they are defended and get treated fairly and with the respect they deserve.

5. What is their connection to sign language?

NAD was partly created to promote and preserve the ASL and make sure it was thought of as a legitimate language. NAD makes it so people are allowed to learn ASL if they wish to. Allows it so there are many ways one can learn the language of ASL.

6. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)?

NAD is basically the most supporting association for the Deaf community. They are the ones who back up the Deaf community and protect them and make sure they are given the rights they deserve. Not only that but they make sure that the Deaf community is able to get the same opportunities as everyone else.

7. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)?

NAD helps the Deaf community be involved in everything and makes it so they get the rights that they deserve. Nad makes sure that schools and people know that ASL is very important in the teaching of someone who is Deaf or Hard of Hearing

By Emma 🤬

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1. St. Joseph Catholic School for the Deaf  was a school for deaf boys and girls with multiple branches do to attendance volume.
2. The Society of the Daughters of the Heart of Mary started the school.
3. The connection to the deaf community is that it is a school for the deaf and had a vast amount of deaf boys and girls enrolled throughout there schools.