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The difference between Joan and Charles stems from Joan’s determination to affect a change while Charles remains powerless. Joan has the power to persuade others to get what she wants and this is evident from how she first managed to “penetrate to Baudricourt’s presence” despite him insisting that he “would not see (her)”. Not only did Joan get to finally speak to Robert, she then managed to get what she wants, that is a “soldier’s dress” and being “sen(t) to Chinon” despite Robert calling her “mad” at first. Joan’s power is highlighted in these examples as she managed to defy Robert and still get what she wants from him despite his strong feelings against her in the first place. This is in contrast to Charles, who everyone “treat(s) as (they) please” and nobody recognises his royal title. Charles possesses timidity saying “I don’t want to kill people: I only want to be left alone to enjoy myself in my own way. I never asked to be king it was pushed on me”. His complete refusal to live up to his role as the Dauphin, due to his complete lack of bravery is thus evident here. He seems to feel no sense of responsibility to his country and duty, exemplifying self centred behaviour. This is in contrast to Joan’s determination to affect a change for the greater good, and her power to do so, hence Charles is Joan’s foil.

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Joan and Charles are character foils as their initial circumstances are relatively similar, but the way in which they respond to their circumstances highlights the contrast in their attitude and personality. Both Joan and Charles do not possess the authority over others that they desire or need at first. Joan is a headstrong, natural dominant leader, and to gain power she requires for her cause, she intentionally seeks out the people she needs, her charisma allowing her to easily persuade others and gain a following to support her vision. In contrast, Charles, who holds a higher place in the social hierarchy compared to Joan, is more passive, and rather pathetic, not resisting to the control from others higher than his rank.

Joan has a drive and inner vision that Charles lacks, and that passion contributes to her influence over the masses. Her optimism and confidence in herself is compelling, which instills belief in the people for her. In contrast, Charles is a coward and inherently pessimistic, his frame of mind demoralising for the people around him. If this trait was more assertive, he may very well reverse the courage Joan has built up in the people.

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Joan and Charles are foils for each other as highlighted by their contrasting personalities and motivations.

Joan shows confidence in any situation through her choice of words and tone (e.g. her repeated use of “shall”, showing her confidence in getting what she wants), whereas Charles is portrayed as timid and weak, especially in the face of adversity. The stark contrast between their personalities puts emphasis on Joan’s unique character, fleshing out her different characteristics that make her stand out from other characters. Similarly, Joan’s strong personality also highlights Charles’ lack of one.

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Joan and Charles are foils for each other. They share similarities in the positions they have been placed in - that is, young, comparatively inexperienced and disrespected people who end up ascending to power (as the influential Maid, and from Dauphin to the King respectively).

Their differences lie in their attitudes and outweigh their similarities - for instance, while Joan views fighting as necessary to reclaim their land, Charles would rather be 'left alone to enjoy myself in my own way'. Joan is the one to lead the soldiers into battle, while Charles would prefer not to go to war at all. While Joan wages battles, Charles luxuriates in the comfort of his home. Another difference lies in their status - Joan is an uneducated maid from the countryside, while Charles is the Dauphin.

Charles acts as a foil to Joan. He, the heir apparent to the throne, is portrayed as cowardly to highlight Joan's courage and bravery - she, a young maid, is going off to battle in Charles' name.

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Their opposing mentalities and Joan's eventual 'victory' over Charles brings forth Joan's optimism and ability to create change. The pessimism of Charles is starkly contrasting that of Joan, as seen from scene 2 when Joan has a conversation with Charles. Charles "does not want courage put into (him)" though Joan said she "shall put courage into (him)". The word choice of "shall" serves to bring out Joan's confidence in what she says, almost as if she would have known the outcome already; even despite Charles' timid personality as reflected from what he said. This conflict between their personalities serves to emphasize Joan's uniqueness as a character, in this case being her unusual and unique ability to talk her way into things: a recurring idea, mentioned before when Poulengey said "There is something" about Joan in scene 1. The idea that Joan is able to make the seemingly impossible happen serves to complement the idea of her being the sent one from God to bring about the change God intended. From this, the conflicting personalities is utilized by Shaw to emphasize the idea of Joan being someone who had the potential to bring about change, as being able to even persuade someone portrayed like Charles who lacks self-confidence; willingly conceding that he is "afraid" and says he is "not built that way"(to be a king) is no mean feat. This 'achievement' of Joan's over Charles, especially because they are foils, brings attention to this idea because of how Joan is able to 'win over' Charles in spite of them being so different in their views.

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Charles' unmotivatedness is clearly contrasted to Joan's drive. In Scene 2,  when Charles insists that Joan be permitted to see him and says "I am going to put my foot down -", it's answered in mocking laughter by Bluebeard. He is a total wimp, his advisors trample over him, and not much change even later when Joan goes and claims multiple victories on his behalf. He had no part to play apart from dismissing La Tremouille,  and yet he seems to reverted to his wussy ways, insistent on negotiation instead of finishing the job. Joan on the other hand is the complete opposite. Highly driven by religion, she uses it as her reasoning for all her actions and tirelessly drives out the English. As the Archbishop put it in Scene 2, she is "in love with religion". Perhaps the comparison of Joan and Charles serves to highlight the strength of faith in making a person driven and strong: Charles is clearly not religious in any way and does not question the way the world is. As he says himself, "I have done less harm than any of you. You people with your heads in the sky spend all your time trying to turn the world upside down; but I take the world as it is, and say that top-side-up is right-side-up; and I keep my nose pretty close to the ground."

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the idea of the church being the highest authority on earth and the reverence accorded by the people to the authority of god is developed in this scene

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The idea of authority is presented in this scene through the treatment of Charles, The Dauphin. Despite being “the grandson of Charles the Wise”, effectively making him a royal figure, Charles is not treated with the amount of respect that a royal figure should deserve. In fact, “one hardly recognises” that Charles is a royal figure. This will then manifest into the lack of authority Charles holds due to the lack of respect that others have for him as “King Charles the Seventh”.

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In this scene, we can see how Charles, also known as The Dauphin, holds little to no authority despite being in a position of power. His counsel shows total disregard for him and overrides his voice. We can see this by how Charles is treated, the Archbishop intimidates Charles stating “One hardly recognizes in you the grandson of Charles the Wise.” highlighting the constant questioning of Charles’ legitimacy as The Dauphin. This contrasts with Joan; she seems to act as both a shield and voice for Charles, passing on to him her own confidence and authority. bcos he say “You see, all of you: she knew the blood royal. Who dare say now that I’m not my father’s son?” so Joan’s word seem to hold more weight? Charles hidin behind Joan’s authority?

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religion is taken into consideration where status is concerned. this is evident in the authority that the archbishop holds over the people, with Joan showing him respect and putting him in a position far above hers.

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Clark:

There are numerous different forms of authority presented in the chapter, both religious as well as monarchial authority and authority in presence as well as position. This is shown in the contrasts od authority between Charles, who is a king, and has monarchial power and the Archbishop, who has Religious power attributed through his standing within his religion.

I am big regret of not reading Scene 2, and am apologies. But I believe that Joan also reacts to the two characters differently, showing her viewpoints on power as well as where her support is based..further emphasising her religiously-charged personality.

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the idea of authority through the system of monarchy is introduced in this scene. however, the monarchy is atypical because the rightful king, the dauphin, is not the one in power. he is but a puppet king, and others take advantage of his lack of power.

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The idea of authority at a religious level is presented through Archbishop. The fact that the Archbishop's words are perceived and received a notable degree of respect in the scene especially by Joan, as evident from her manner of speech towards him, saying things like "It must be a most wonderful thing to be Archbishop" and addressing him as "lord" in multiple instances where she converses with him. Through this, there is an emphasis Shaw puts on associating religion and power, which helps in establishing a relationship between the two: being a spiritual leader was like that of being granted a position of power. The Archbishop is treated with respect and his commands are obeyed; from "Archbishop: What? Not at my unworthiness but ...... when to laugh and when to pray" (lines 483-490). As the first scene of which the Archbishop appears in, the existence a spiritual hierarchy is also established in that sense; where some people seem to be "closer" to God, and sort of references the idea of the Great Chain of Being, with the more spiritual people being placed higher on the chain; closer to God, with more power and authority.

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Week 6
Homework:
Consider how Joan and Charles are foils for each other. What are some ideas brought up through this contrast?  Cite specific moments and quotes.

You may write a group paragraph if you find that helpful :-)

Week 5
Hi class. I'd like you to respond to this question: "What ideas about authority are introduced or developed in this scene?" Cite specific moments and analyse them.

You may also raise questions that you have about Saint Joan thus far.
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Include your name in your posts.  You may also comment on your classmates' ideas too. Each of you should contribute a response or offer a reply (if not here, then verbally in class😉)