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The ending of Hope Leslie as we were talking in class was to many, either a bittersweet ending or a happy ending. And I just think it was a bittersweet ending, but it also depends from who's side you're looking at it from. When reading the end of this book I was reminded of the movie called Becoming Jane were Jane Austen and Tom Lefroy don't end up together even though they were completely in love and tried to do whatever it took to end up together, however they didn't. Jane ends up letting him go because she knows that if she stays in his life she will alter his plans in life. Jane becomes successful in her writing career, she eventually goes on a sort of writing tour and and sees him there and finds out that he has gotten married and has a child who turns out to have been named after her. Like Hope Leslie the ending to this movie was very bittersweet, and it just depends from who's point of view you're looking at it from.

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In class we were asked to re-read two passages from page 97. In these two paragraphs we get two points of views one from Everell and one from Magawisca after Magawisca saves Everell by sacrificing herself for him. When I first read these paragraphs I understood what was going on, but it was only after re-reading it in class that I noticed how much the text portrayed Magawisca as a God-like figure. There were so many words such as "miraculous," "God speed," "heroic," "superior being," or "supernatural power" during Everell's point of view. After reading these two paragraphs I realized just how much the text described her as some powerful spiritual figure. It even made me think about how they almost compare it to Jesus Christ. Magawisca here is sacrificing herself for Everell, and Jesus Christ is known for dying at the cross after sacrificing himself for everyone. After making these observations I realized how much me, and readers in general can miss these little, but huge words. They can add so much to how a character is being portrayed but it is easily missed.

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Folk literature or folklore has always been so interesting for me. In class we talked about Washington Irving and "The Legend of Sleepy Hallow." Although I had never heard of the title of that folk literature, I had definitely heard of the Headless Horseman. That just shows how folk literature is passed down through generations by word of mouth. There is a very popular folklore in Latin American that I grew up with. The story of La Llorona was told by many of my family members and it was always told when they wanted to scare us children.The story of La Llorona always varies but the most popular and known version is that there was a woman who drowned her children in the river because her husband did not pay enough attention to her. However, once she killed her children and her husband left her she regretted her actions and that is why she now wanders around rivers wailing for her children and trying to find their bodies. My family tends to tell this story every time we go camping and we're near a river. It really helps with scaring us. I know that I will continue on this legend and telling it to my children in the future.

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The Female Marine and The Female Pirates

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The Female Marine and The Female Pirates

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While reading about Lucy Brewer (or Louisa Baker) I was reminded about the two female pirates we're reading about in my Critical Studies of British Literature class. While reading Brewer's narrative I saw a little of bit of Anne Bonny and Mary Read in her. Anne Bonny was first married to James Bonny, but soon left him to be with Jack Rackham, also known as Calico Jack. It is said that she left her first husband because one she married James Bonny she was forced to stay behind while he traveled and did pirate things. With Calico Jack she was able to travel with him and pretend to be a male pirate rather than stay behind bored. In that sense I was kind of reminded of Brewer because rather than going back home to her parents after realizing how dissatisfied she was with prostitution she decided to disguise herself as a man and serve in the marines. In her narrative Brewer talks about running away from Massachusetts after realizing she was pregnant and was told by the man that he would not marry her. To avoid shaming her parents she ran away to Boston and then her child died. Although Mary Read's story is a bit different, I was reminded of it. Read's mom was married to a sailor, whom she was pregnant with, but once he disappeared at sea, her and his child died. Her mom did not let anyone know of the child's death and then she had an affair with another man and became pregnant with Mary Read. In order to get the inheritance from her late husband's mother she had to disguise Read as a boy and pretend it was the child that was dead. Their stories are obviously very different but all their secrecy from the beginning of their lives is what made me think of Mary Read. However, all three share one big similarity. They all disguised themselves as men in order to do what they are now known for.

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Sleepwalking is a big theme in the book, it is very obvious from the title of the book: Memoirs of a Sleepwalker. During and after watching James' presentation on Somnambulism which I realized then was what sleepwalking used to be called, I began to think of whether I was sleepwalker. I couldn't recall anything and maybe it was because I didn't do it, or I simply did not remember doing it (which is common with those who sleepwalk). I did however remember when my younger sister used to sleepwalk. At that time I was told that I should never wake her up when she is sleepwalking. I remember one day being woken up by my dad bringing my sister back into our room while she was still sleeping. I was confused but it turned out that she had gotten down from the top bunk bed and had gone into the living room and had unlocked the door and began roaming outside, all while still asleep. My dad didn't wake her up because of the misconception about never waking a sleepwalker, but after James' presentation and that memory I realized how dangerous it could be to NOT wake up a sleepwalker. Reading about Edgar Huntly and him waking up in a cave and everything that followed that was kind of creepy knowing the fact that a person can really do all these bizarre things while still asleep.

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Sleepwalking, formally known as somnambulism, is a behavior disorder that originates during deep sleep and results in walking or performing other complex behaviors while asleep. It is much more common in children than adults and is more likely to occur if a person is sleep deprived. Because a sleepwalker typically remains in deep sleep throughout the episode, he or she may be difficult to awaken and will probably not remember the sleepwalking incident.

Sleepwalking usually involves more than just walking during sleep; it is a series of complex behaviors that are carried out while sleeping, the most obvious of which is walking. Symptoms of sleepwalking disorder range from simply sitting up in bed and looking around, to walking around the room or house, to leaving the house and even driving long distances. It is a common misconception that a sleepwalker should not be awakened. In fact, it can be quite dangerous not to wake a sleepwalker.

The prevalence of sleepwalking in the general population is estimated to be between 1% and 15%. The onset or persistence of sleepwalking in adulthood is common, and is usually not associated with any significant underlying psychiatric or psychological problems. Common triggers for sleepwalking include sleep deprivation, sedative agents (including alcohol), febrile illnesses, and certain medications.

The prevalence of sleepwalking is much higher for children, especially those between the ages of three and seven, and occurs more often in children with sleep apnea. There is also a higher instance of sleepwalking among children who experience bedwetting. Sleep terrors are a related disorder and both tend to run in families.

Symptoms

Sleepwalking is most often initiated during deep sleep but may occur in the lighter sleep stages of NREM, usually within a few hours of falling asleep, and the sleepwalker may be partially aroused during the episode.

In addition to walking during deep sleep, other symptoms of sleepwalking include:

Sleeptalking

Little or no memory of the event

Difficulty arousing the sleepwalker during an episode

Inappropriate behavior such as urinating in closets (more common in children)

Screaming (when sleepwalking occurs in conjunction with sleep terrors)

Violent attacks on the person trying to awaken the sleepwalker

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for sleepwalking. In many cases simply improving sleep hygiene may eliminate the problem. If you are experiencing symptoms, you should talk to your doctor or a sleep specialist about ways to prevent injury during the episodes and about the possibility of underlying illness. Also, be prepared to discuss with your doctor or pediatrician any factors, such as fatigue, medication, or stress, which may trigger symptoms.

Treatment for sleepwalking in adults may include hypnosis. In fact, there are many cases in which sleepwalking patients have successfully treated their symptoms with hypnosis alone. Also, pharmacological therapies such as sedative-hypnotics or antidepressants have been helpful in reducing the incidence of sleepwalking in some people.

Sleepwalking is common in children and is usually outgrown over time, especially as the amount of deep sleep decreases. If symptoms persist through adolescence, consult your doctor or psychiatrist.

Coping

As sleep deprivation often contributes to sleepwalking, increasing the amount of time scheduled for sleep can be helpful. Other possible triggers for sleepwalking include alcohol and certain medications. Also, experts recommend establishing a regular, relaxing routine prior to bedtime to cope with sleepwalking.

Creating a safe sleep environment is critical to preventing injury during sleepwalking episodes. For example, if your child sleepwalks, don't let him or her sleep in a bunk bed. Also, remove any sharp or breakable objects from the area near the bed, install gates on stairways, and lock the doors and windows in your home.

Poll Data

According to the National Sleep Foundation's 2004 Sleep in America Poll, 1% of pre-school children and 2% of school-aged children walk in their sleep at least a few nights per week.

Reviewed by Mark Mahowald, M.D.

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Sleepwalking Disorder Causes & Solutions - National Sleep Foundation

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Sleepwalking, formally known as somnambulism, is a behavior disorder that originates during deep sleep and results in walking or performing other complex behaviors while asleep. It is much more common in children than adults and is more likely to occur if a person is sleep deprived.

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To His Excellency General Washington and Myriam Witcher's Public Support for Donald Trump

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To His Excellency General Washington and Myriam Witcher's Public Support for Donald Trump

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In the poem "To His Excellency General Washington" Phillis Wheatley is writing a poem to General Washington encouraging him before the American Revolution. In class we talked about the irony in Wheatley writing this poem that is centered around freedom to a white male. The reason for the irony is because Wheatley was a black female slave, who back then had absolutely no rights because of her skin color and her gender. When talking about this in class I was reminded about the woman, whose name is Myriam Witcher, who showed her public support for Donald Trump when he was running for president of the United States. As a Latina I remember that time during Trump's run for president as a scary time due to all his negative comments towards Hispanics, and especially illegal immigrants. I was reminded of Myriam's public support towards Trump because of the irony in her situation. Myriam was not only an immigrant from Colombia but she was also a woman, and we all know that Trump didn't have much positive things to say about women rights either. The difference between these two connections is that Wheatley's poem had a positive effect towards ending slavery, even if it took years for that to happen.

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Equiano's Narrative and Treatment Inside Border Detentions 

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Equiano's Narrative and Treatment Inside Border Detentions 

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In Equiano's Narrative not only are we able to read about his life as a slave, but through his writing and what he saw we also were able to read the horrible things other slaves had to go through for just being from Africa and of a different skin color. It is horrible that I am able to make a connection between Equiano's narrative and the treatment that goes inside border detention centers where immigrant children and teens are being held. Equiano's Narrative beings with him and his sister being torn away from the place they call home, and they are taken away from the rest of their family without a goodbye. When immigrant children are separated from their families and taken to these detention centers, the children might have no idea of what is going on at all, and like Equiano, they might not even get to say goodbye. Equiano writes in his narrative about slaves who are starved because their masters don't think they deserve food, and he also describes how slaves were transported in vessels and in what conditions. He writes how they were all in small, tight spaces that they were all almost suffocating and he also writes about the smell where they were all held and how intolerable it was. When reading this article where kids describe the conditions inside the detention center I was unfortunately reminded about Equiano's narrative. The children said that they were hungry because what they were given was not enough but they were also too afraid to ask for more food. They describe their living conditions and called them cages were they were put with about 20 more other children and how there was not enough room to sleep, and how they weren't given proper beds or even blankets to protect themselves from the cold. Not only that but they aren't even given soap to shower or even a toothpaste and a toothbrush to brush their teeth. They were living in their dirty clothes with no option to get cleaned.

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US Customs and Border Protection / AP

A June 17, 2018 photo shows children at a facility in McAllen, Texas.

Immigrant children and teens held in US detention centers along the southern border described being cold and hungry while crowded into cages with little or no access to showers, clean clothes, or even a place to sleep.

Some recounted how they had been separated from parents or grandparents. Teen mothers said they struggled to keep their babies clean and warm. Some young children had no one to care for them except for other child detainees.

Attorneys collected the statements last week while visiting Customs and Border Protection facilities holding children, as part of a 1997 court settlement agreement that specifies how long and under what conditions immigrant kids can be held. Descriptions of what the lawyers heard from these children and saw led to a massive public outcry over conditions inside a Border Patrol facility in Clint, Texas.

The lawyers are asking a judge to immediately require inspections of Border Patrol facilities in El Paso, Texas, and the Rio Grande Valley as part of an effort to improve the conditions that immigrant children face.

Here's how the children described the conditions inside.

A 12-year-old boy said he was always hungry, especially at night.
"I'm hungry here at Clint [detention center] all the time. I'm so hungry that I have woken up in the middle of the night with hunger. Sometimes I wake up from hunger at 4 a.m., sometimes at other hours. I'm too scared to ask the officials here for any more food, even though there is not enough food here for me."
A 16-year-old girl said 20 teens were crowded into a cage with babies and children, and only one mat to sleep on.
"We are in a metal cage with 20 other teenagers with babies and young children. We have one mat we need to share with each other. It is very cold. We each got a mylar blanket, but it is not enough to warm up. There are benches but we cannot sleep there. Sometimes it is so crowded we cannot find a place to sleep, so they allow a few of us to sleep outside the fenced area. The lights are [on] all of the time."

US Customs and Border Protection / AP

A June 17, 2018 photo provided by US Customs and Border Protection shows a caged facility in McAllen, Texas.

An 11-year-old boy said he was with toddlers who had no one to care for them.
"There are little kids here who have no one to take care of them, not even a big brother or sister. Some kids are only two or three years old and they have no one to take care of them."
A 16-year-old girl said she and her baby were so cold and wet that they got sick.
"We slept on mats on the floor and [they] gave us aluminum blankets. They took our baby's diapers, baby formula, and all of our belongings. Our clothes were still wet
and we were very cold, so we got sick... I've been in the US for six days and I have never been offered a shower or been able to brush my teeth. There is no soap and our clothes are dirty. They have never been washed."

Lynne Sladky / AP

Protestors march outside the Homestead Temporary Shelter for Unaccompanied Children in Florida.

An 8-year-old boy described sleeping on a cement bench.
"They took us away from our grandmother and now we are all alone. They have not given us to our mother. We have been here for a long time. I have to take care of my little sister. She is very sad because she misses our mother and grandmother very much... We sleep on a cement bench. There are two mats in the room, but the big kids sleep on the mats so we have to sleep on the cement bench."
"Three days ago my baby soiled his clothes. I had no place to wash the clothes so I could not put them back on my baby because when he went to the bathroom his poop came out of his diaper and all over his clothing. Since then, my baby of only three months has only been wearing a small little jacket made of t-shirt material. I have nothing else for my son to wear.... I have been told they do not have any clothes here at this place. I just want my baby to be warm enough. I am having to make sure I carry my baby super close to me to keep his little body warm."

A 17-year-old girl said there were no clean clothes for her baby.
"I started taking care of [a 5-year-old girl] in the Ice Box after they separated her from her father. I did not know either of them before that. She was very upset. The workers did nothing to try to comfort her. I tried to comfort her and she has been with me ever since. [She] sleeps on a mat with me on the concrete floor. We spend all day every day in that room. There are no activities, only crying."

US Customs and Border Protection / AP

A May 29, 2019 file photo released by US Customs and Border Protection shows some of 1,036 migrants who crossed the US-Mexico border in El Paso.

"I was given a blanket and a mattress, but then, at 3 a.m., the guards took the blanket and mattress. My baby was left sleeping on the floor. In fact, almost every night, the guards wake us at 3 a.m. and take away our sleeping mattresses and blankets. They leave babies, even little babies of two or three months, sleeping on the cold floor. For me, because I am so pregnant, sleeping on the floor is very painful for my back and hips. I think the guards act this way to punish us."

A 15-year-old girl said children had nothing to do except cry.
"At Ursula [detention center], we have not been able to shower. The
toilet is out in the open in the cage, there is no door for any privacy. There
is water but no soap to wash our hands. There are no paper towels to dry our
hands. We have not been given a toothbrush or toothpaste to brush our
teeth."
"I was apprehended with my father. The immigration agents separated me from my
father right away. I was very frightened and scared. I cried. I have not seen
my father again... I have had a cold and cough for several days. I have not seen
a doctor and I have not been given any medicine."

A pregnant 17-year-old girl said she and her baby were forced to sleep on the floor.

Cedar Attanasio / AP

The entrance to the Border Patrol station in Clint, Texas.

A 17-year-old boy said he had no soap, toothbrush, or toothpaste.

A 5-year-old boy said he was sick after being taken from his father.

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Kids Describe In Their Own Words The Dire Conditions Inside A Border Detention Center

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Immigrant children and teens held in US detention centers along the southern border described being cold and hungry while crowded into cages with little or no access to showers, clean clothes, or even a place to sleep. Some recounted how they had been separated from parents or grandparents.