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Need Immediate Assistance?
If you or someone you know is a danger to themselves or others, please call 911.
Many law enforcement agencies have officers who have been trained to respond to persons who may be experiencing a mental health related crisis.
Connect to additional crisis resources
Resources in this Section
Medications and Treatments Family Member Arrested Supported Housing Job Resources
Other Links

NAMI Texas has collected an exhaustive list of links to organizations, agenices and other sources of information and support for individuals with mental illness, family members and others affected by mental illness. View the list

NAMI Website

NAMI's national website, www.nami.org is an invaluable resource for information, breaking news, advocacy, and support.

Local Affiliates

NAMI Affiliates offer education and support in communities throughout Texas. Click here to find your local Affiliate.

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If you or someone you know is a danger to themselves or others, please call 911. Many law enforcement agencies have officers who have been trained to respond to persons who may be experiencing a mental health related crisis.

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If you are faced with a mental health or substance use emergency, please dial 9-1-1.

Read the Statewide Behavioral Health Strategic Plan Update and Foundation for the IDD Strategic Plan (PDF).

Urgent Services

Contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline

800-273-8255
800-273-TALK

For mental health or substance use emergencies where your safety or that of others is at immediate risk, dial 9-1-1.

If you feel you are experiencing a mental health or substance use emergency but your safety or that of others is not at immediate risk, please contact:

Non-Urgent Services

The first step when seeking help for non-emergency mental health or substance use challenges is to find services in your area. You may call the referral line in your area for confidential help 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Substance Use Definitions

Substance use means taking any substance, regardless of whether it is a legally prescribed medication or an illegal drug. Not all substance use may cause harm.

Using illegal drugs and misusing legal substances such as alcohol or prescription medications may cause harm. Examples of misuse are:

Underage drinking or tobacco use

Taking medication in a way that is not prescribed, such as taking too much medication

Binge drinking

A substance use disorder is a diagnosis from a health professional when there is a pattern of using drugs or alcohol in a way that interferes with life activities.

Stigma and Mental Health

The stigma surrounding mental health is often a deterrent for people looking to get help. Christina, John, Zachary, and Shannon tell us why it's important to "shake the stigma" and talk to someone.

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If you are faced with a mental health or substance use emergency, please dial 9-1-1. Read the Statewide Behavioral Health Strategic Plan Update and Foundation for the IDD Strategic Plan (PDF). Contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 800-273-8255 800-273-TALK For mental health or substance use emergencies where your safety or that of others is at immediate risk, dial 9-1-1.

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Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

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Frequently Asked Questions - What is SAMHSA’s National Helpline?

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What is conduct disorder in children?

Conduct disorder is a type of behavior disorder. It's when a child has antisocial behavior. He or she may disregard basic social standards and rules. He or she may also:

Be irresponsible

Skip school or run away (delinquent behavior)

Steal or do other things to violate the rights of others

Physically harm animals or other people, such as committing assault or rape

These behaviors sometimes happen together. But one or more may occur without the others.

What causes conduct disorder in a child?

Experts believe that many factors play a role in conduct disorder. These are:

Some children with conduct disorders seem to have a problem in the frontal lobe of the brain. This interferes with a child's ability to plan, stay away from harm, and learn from negative experiences.

Some experts believe that a series of traumatic experiences occurs for a child to develop a conduct disorder. These experiences then often lead to depressed mood, behavior problems, and involvement in a deviant peer group.

Which children are at risk for conduct disorder?

A conduct disorder is more common in boys than in girls. It is also more likely to develop in children or teens who come from homes that are:

Children with these mental health problems are also more likely to have conduct disorder:

Mood or anxiety disorders

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Substance abuse

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Learning problems or learning disorders

Children or teens who are considered to have a difficult temperament are more likely to develop behavior problems.

What are the symptoms of conduct disorder in a child?

Most symptoms seen in children with conduct disorder also happen at times in children without this problem. But in children with the disorder, these symptoms occur more often. They also interfere with learning, school adjustment, and sometimes with the child's relationships.

Each child's symptoms may vary. But the 4 main groups of behaviors are described below.

Aggressive conduct

Destructive conduct

Deceitfulness

Violation of rules or age-appropriate norms

These symptoms may look like other mental health problems. Have your child see his or her healthcare provider for a diagnosis.

How is conduct disorder diagnosed in a child?

A child psychiatrist or qualified mental health expert can diagnose a conduct disorder. He or she will talk with parents and teachers about the child's behavior and may observe the child. In some cases, your child may need mental health testing.

If you notice symptoms of conduct disorder in your child or teen, you can help by seeking a diagnosis right away. Early treatment can often prevent future problems.

How is conduct disorder treated in a child?

Treatment will depend on your child's symptoms, age, and general health. It will also depend on how severe the condition is.

Treatment for conduct disorder may include:

Cognitive-behavioral therapy. A child learns how to better solve problems, communicate, and handle stress. He or she also learns how to control impulses and anger.

Family therapy. This therapy helps make changes in the family. It improves communication skills and family interactions.

Peer group therapy. A child develops better social and interpersonal skills.

Medicines. These are not often used to treat conduct disorder. But a child may need them for other symptoms or disorders such as ADHD. These other disorders often occurs along with symptoms of conduct disorder.

How can I help prevent conduct disorder in my child?

Experts don't know exactly why some children develop conduct disorder. Things such as a traumatic experience, social problems, and biological factors may be involved. To reduce the risk for this disorder, parents can learn positive parenting strategies. They can be good role models for their children.. This can help to create a closer parent-child relationship and give the child with examples of how to respectfully treat other people, animals, and property. It can also create a safe and stable home life for the child.

How can I help my child live with conduct disorder?

Early treatment for your child can often prevent future problems. Here are things you can do to help your child:

Keep all appointments with your child's healthcare provider.

Take part in family therapy as needed.

Talk to your child's healthcare provider about other providers who will be involved in your child's care. Your child may get care from a team that may include counselors, therapists, social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists. Your child's care team will depend on his or her needs and how serious the disorder is.

Tell others about your child's conduct disorder. Work with your healthcare provider and schools to develop a treatment plan.

Reach out for support. Being in touch with other parents who have a child with conduct disorder may be helpful. If you feel overwhelmed or stressed out, talk with your healthcare provider about a support group for caregivers of children with conduct disorder.

When should I call my child's healthcare provider?

Call your healthcare provider right away if your child:

Feels extreme depression, fear, anxiety, or anger toward him or herself or others

Feels out of control

Hears voices that others don't hear

Sees things that others don't see

Can't sleep or eat for 3 days in a row

Shows behavior that concerns friends, family, or teachers, and others express concern about this behavior and ask you to seek help

Call 911 if your child has suicidal thoughts, a suicide plan, and the means to carry out the plan. Never leave them alone until the situation is assessed and treatment laid out. This may include a hospital stay.

Key points about conduct disorder in children

Conduct disorder is a type of behavior disorder. It's when a child has antisocial behavior.

Both genetic and environmental factors may play a role.

Children with other mental health problems are more likely to have this disorder.

Symptoms are divided into 4 main groups. They are aggression, destruction, deceitfulness, and violation of rules.

Therapy that helps the child interact better with others is the main treatment. Therapy may include both individual and family counseling. Medicines may be needed for other problems, such as ADHD.

Reach out for support. Being in touch with other parents who have a child with conduct disorder may be helpful.

Call 911 if your child has suicidal thoughts, a suicide plan, and the means to carry out the plan. Never leave the child alone.

Next steps

Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your child's healthcare provider:

Know the reason for the visit and what you want to happen.

Before your visit, write down questions you want answered.

At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis, and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you for your child.

Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed and how it will help your child. Also know what the side effects are.

Ask if your child's condition can be treated in other ways.

Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.

Know what to expect if your child does not take the medicine or have the test or procedure.

If your child has a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.

Know how you can contact your child's provider after office hours. This is important if your child becomes ill and you have questions or need advice.

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Conduct disorder is a type of behavior disorder. It's when a child has antisocial behavior. He or she may disregard basic social standards and rules. He or she may also: Be irresponsible Skip school or run away (delinquent behavior) Steal or do other things to violate the rights of others Physically harm animals or other people, such as committing assault or rape These behaviors sometimes happen together.

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Can bipolar disorder be prevented?

There is no known method to prevent bipolar disorder. Because its exact cause has not yet been determined, it is especially important to know its symptoms and seek early intervention. Regular and continued use of medication can help reduce episodes or mania and depression. Some people who experience bipolar disorder may become suicidal. By knowing how to recognize these symptoms, there is a better chance for effective treatment and finding coping methods that may prevent long periods of illness, extended hospital stays, and suicide.

Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 01/27/2018.

References

National Institute of Mental Health. Bipolar disorder. Accessed 5/15/2018.

National Institute of Mental Health. Brain Stimulation Therapies. Accessed 5/15/2018.

Brent DA, Pan RJ. Brent D.A., Pan R.J. Brent, David A., and Raymond J. Pan.Chapter 39. Bipolar Disorder. In: Ebert MH, Loosen PT, Nurcombe B, Leckman JF. Ebert M.H., Loosen P.T., Nurcombe B, Leckman J.F. Eds. Michael H. Ebert, et al.eds. CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Psychiatry, 2e New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2008.

Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance. Bipolar Disorder. Accessed5/15/2018.

National Alliance on Mental Illness. Bipolar Disorder. Accessed 5/15/2018.

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Bipolar Disorder Prevention | Cleveland Clinic

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There is no known method to prevent bipolar disorder. Because its exact cause has not yet been determined, it is especially important to know its symptoms and seek early intervention. Regular and continued use of medication can help reduce episodes or mania and depression. Some people who experience bipolar disorder may become suicidal.

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Each year, about 1 in 5 Americans will experience a mental health condition. Yet, members of the US public largely remain ignorant about the signs and symptoms of mental illness. This lack of awareness-along with the stigma attached to seeking help-often prevents people who need treatment from getting appropriate care.

DBSA supports public policies that raise awareness of mental illness, encourage prevention, and teach Americans how to reach out and assist someone who may be experiencing a mental health emergency.

Help support the following to increase public education and prevention:

Mental Health First Aid Act
The Mental Health First Aid Act of 2013 (S 153/HR 274) authorizes $20 million in grants to fund Mental Health First Aid training programs around the country. Participants would be trained in recognizing the symptoms of common mental illnesses and addiction disorders, de-escalating crisis situations safely, and initiating timely referral to mental health and substance abuse resources available in the community. Ultimately, the goal of the legislation is to improve Americans' mental health, reduce stigma around mental illness, help people who may be at risk of suicide or self-harm, and refer those in crisis to appropriate treatment. The Mental Health First Aid Act (S 153/HR 274) was introduced in the House by Congressman Ron Barber (D-AZ) and in the Senate by Senators Mark Begich (D-AK) and Kelly Ayotte (R-NH) with 9 bipartisan cosponsors. Call to Action: Ask your legislators to co-sponsor this act. Call to Action: Ask your senators to proceed forward with S 689 as a stand-alone or as part of a vehicle of another moving bill. Ask your representatives to introduce the companion legislation.
Mental Illness Awareness and Improvement Act
This legislation (S 689) reauthorizes and improves programs administered by both the Departments of Education and Health and Human Services related to awareness, prevention, and early identification of mental health conditions, and the promotion of linkages to appropriate services for children and youth. It includes a new federal Mental Health Awareness Training program modeled on the Mental Health First Aid Act. S 689 also reauthorizes important federal programs such as the Garrett Lee Smith suicide prevention programs for states and college campuses. S 689 was reported favorably out of the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee and received the support of 95 senators when it was attached as an amendment to a gun violence prevention bill still pending before the Senate.
Prevention and Public Health Fund
Enacted under the Affordable Care Act, this $14.5 billion fund will provide critical resources and support to national, state, and local prevention-focused initiatives over the next 10 years. Programs supported by the PPHF span the range of health care prevention, from immunization services to anti-obesity initiatives and more. Most importantly for DBSA members, monies from the PPHF support Garrett Lee Smith Act suicide prevention activities; integration of behavioral health and primary care services; Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) activities; Mental and Behavioral Health Education and Training Grants for training programs in social work and psychology; and numerous state/local activities focused on mental health. To see a list of PPHF-financed initiatives in your state, Call to Action: Ask your legislators to preserve funding for PPHF in the budget. visit the Trust for America's Health website. The Trust for America's Health has also published a number of advocacy materials in support of the PPHF.Call to Action: Ask your legislators to preserve and strengthen funding for these SAMHSA activities. Call to Action: We encourage you to visit SAMHSA's website to learn more about National Prevention Week and to get involved.
SAMHSA-Financed Activities
Each year, a number of line items in the SAMHSA budget portfolio are dedicated to prevention and public education activities. View the latest budget materials from SAMHSA on the administration's website. SAMHSA prevention activities include:

Youth Violence Prevention: The Safe Schools/Healthy Students (SS/HS) Initiative is a discretionary grant program that seeks to create healthy learning environments which help students thrive, succeed in school, and build healthy relationships.

National Child Traumatic Stress Initiative: The NCTSI provides funding for a national network of grantees known as the National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN) to develop and promote effective community practices for children and adolescents exposed to a wide array of traumatic events. The NCTSN provides training and technical support on intervention approaches to reduce the mental, emotional, and behavioral effects of traumatic events on children/adolescents and their families.

Project LAUNCH: Project LAUNCH implements evidence-based practices that promote and enhance the wellness of young children by increasing grantees' ‟ capacities to develop infrastructure and implement prevention/promotion strategies necessary to promote wellness for young children." Project LAUNCH focuses on children from birth through age eight.

Primary and Behavioral Health Care Integration: This initiative addresses the increased rates of morbidity and mortality among adults with serious mental illness, due in large part to elevated incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Many of these health conditions are preventable through routine health promotion activities. The program supports the coordination and integration of primary care services into publicly-funded community behavioral health settings.

Suicide prevention programs: These SAMHSA-financed programs include Garrett Lee Smith youth suicide prevention and campus suicide prevention, the national suicide lifeline, the Suicide Prevention Resource Center, and American Indian/Alaska Natives suicide prevention.

National Prevention Week
National Prevention Week is a SAMHSA-supported annual health observance dedicated to increasing public awareness of, and action around, substance abuse and mental health issues. This week-long observance is an opportunity to join with other individuals, organizations, and coalitions in your community to promote prevention efforts, educate others about behavioral health issues, and create and strengthen community partnerships.
Resources

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Each year, about 1 in 5 Americans will experience a mental health condition. Yet, members of the US public largely remain ignorant about the signs and symptoms of mental illness. This lack of awareness-along with the stigma attached to seeking help-often prevents people who need treatment from getting appropriate care.

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The exact causes of anxiety and anxiety disorders are unknown. This makes it difficult to prevent anxiety disorders or predict who will develop them. However, much research is being done in this area, and there are steps you can take to reduce anxiety and minimize future episodes.

Studies indicate that early intervention for children who show signs of anxiety is effective in producing a long-term reduction in problems. In a study published in the Journal of Clinical Psychology, preschool children whose parents intervened early had better results. Children chosen for the study showed distress or fear and withdrawn behaviors, which are identified risk factors for later anxiety. In this particular study, parents participated in an anxiety awareness education program. Children whose parents participated in the education program were much more likely to be diagnosed with anxiety.

These results are encouraging. For adults as well as children, early treatment is the best way to prevent future problems. Many people avoid asking for help with anxiety because they are embarrassed. They may feel that having a mental health problem is an indication of failure. Also, they may fear that other people will think less of them. It is important to remember that anxiety disorder is an illness. With treatment and lifestyle changes, you can keep your symptoms under control and prevent further issues.

If you are experiencing anxiety, it's important to reduce stress in your life. Find ways to relax. Exercise is a great way to relieve stress. There are many ways to incorporate exercise into your daily routine. Try:

taking walks regularly

joining an exercise class or gym

practicing yoga

In addition to exercise, you might want to take breaks from your routine or plan a vacation. If you enjoy a particular hobby, make time for it. Do things that make you feel better and more relaxed.

Eating a healthy diet will make you feel better both physically and mentally. Don't stress over food choices, but try to eat a wide variety of fresh, healthy foods. Include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains whenever possible. Avoid greasy, sugary, high-fat, processed foods. Remember that what feeds your body also feeds your brain.

No one knows you better than you do. Keeping a journal is a great way to track your moods, stress, and anxiety. Many people find that identifying and writing down their problems makes them easier to deal with. If you are working with a mental health specialist, a journal can help both of you figure out what triggers your stress and what helps you feel better.

While tobacco, drugs, and alcohol are often called stress relievers, using them actually damages the body, making it harder for you to handle stress and anxiety. Caffeine, too, can cause or increase anxiety. Addiction to these substances can lead to additional anxiety and stress, and withdrawal can create anxiety as well. If you are addicted and need help to quit, talk to your doctor or find a support group.

In general, the things that make and keep you healthy will also help you cope with stress and anxiety and avoid future symptoms.

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders in the United States, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. One-third of people will experience an anxiety disorder during their lifetime, they report. However, they remind people that there are effective treatments, and that research is developing new ones. They urge people who think they might have an anxiety disorder to seek treatment and information immediately.

Anxiety disorders can bring many biological and psychological symptoms that affect your general health. However, the right treatment combined with regular exercise, a healthy diet, and stress reduction techniques can help you regain your sense of well-being. The Anxiety and Depression Association of America reports that for most people, both symptoms and quality of life improve once they get treatment.

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Anxiety Prevention: Diet, Journaling, and More

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The exact causes of anxiety and anxiety disorders are unknown. This makes it difficult to prevent anxiety disorders or predict who will develop them. However, much research is being done in this area, and there are steps you can take to reduce anxiety and minimize future episodes.

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Welcome to EDH!
We're Glad You're Here.

Eating Disorder Hope ™ is an online community that offers resources, education, support, and inspiration to those struggling with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, body image issues, and a myriad of other disordered eating behaviors. We understand that the person fighting disordered eating behaviors is not the only one suffering. This disease is affecting the whole family. We seek to offer help and support to the sufferer and also the family members seeking to become better informed and proactive in their efforts to help their loved one. This is why Eating Disorder Hope ™ was created so those suffering can find the help, care, support, and resources to help themselves and their loved ones.

Our resources include thousands of blogs and articles by therapists, doctors, psychiatrists, and other leaders in the field. We offer many educational videos by important leaders in the field of behavioral health. Eating Disorder Hope ™ freely provides access to disordered eating treatment options, support groups, recovery tools, treatment programs, and so much more. We delve deeply into topics such as athletes, relationship skills, marriage, coping skills, and co-occurring issues such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and OCD.

Over the next year, one copy of Intuitive Eating will be given to a lucky monthly drawing winner!

In January of 2005, Jacquelyn Ekern, LPC, Founder and President of Eating Disorder Hope ™ created and developed this informative website with the help and advice of colleagues, professors, psychiatrists, and other relevant organizations. Our ultimate goal is to freely provide access to as much valuable information as possible that can help a loved one recover from the disease of disordered eating behaviors.

Our goal is to offer all of this valuable information in one place where the hope and support of ending disordered eating behaviors is encouraged. We also promote the healing and embracing of life while pursuing full and complete recovery from anorexia, bulimia, binge eating, and other forms of disordered eating. The Eating Disorder Hope ™ mission is to foster an appreciation of a person's uniqueness and true value in the world. We want those struggling with disordered eating to learn that their worth is not related to their appearance, achievement or praise.

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Eating Disorder Hope - Resources for Anorexia, Bulimia & Binge Eating

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Eating Disorder Hope ™ is an online community that offers resources, education, support, and inspiration to those struggling with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, body image issues, and a myriad of other disordered eating behaviors. We understand that the person fighting disordered eating behaviors is not the only one suffering.

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What number should you call if you have an eating disorder?

ANAD Helpline

Find Treatment Near You
There are also hotlines that are designed to help people in general crisis, staffed by empathetic, trained individuals who can help you process difficult feelings. These hotlines can be a lifeline when times are tough. The professionals can help you map out a plan for full recovery, such as connecting you with eating disorder treatment centers, in addition to helping you in the moment.

Call for a free consultation

Eating Disorder Hotlines

What Happens When You Call a Hotline?

When you call an eating disorder hotline, the experience will vary, depending on a number of factors.

When you initially call, you may have to go through some basic automated prompts. This is usually to identify more about the nature of your call. Once you answer these questions, there may be a short wait, after which you should be connected with another person.

This individual is likely a volunteer, although reputable hotlines train their volunteers and equip them with the means to get you in contact with medical professionals, if needed.

Oftentimes, eating disorder hotlines connect callers with local treatment and support resources, so they can get on a path to a full recovery. This provides callers with a long-term plan after the short-term intervention.

Regardless of what the experience is like, with all of the above hotlines-and any other run by a reputable source-you can expect the call to be free and confidential.

The Steps to Get Help for an Eating Disorder

Getting help for an eating disorder can be much easier than many people envision. Even making the effort to seek treatment is a genuine milestone that represents an important part of your recovery.

While the exact process varies, depending on your specific condition(s), insurance provider, and a number of other factors, there are a few general steps that will help connect you to the help you need.

Get Relevant Information About Local Resources

Doing some research is a good first step for most things, including seeking eating disorder treatment.

Through either your own research or the information you get through eating disorder hotlines, you can make an effort to learn about the relevant treatment resources in your area. Ideally, you're going to learn about some treatment providers who can provide you with the best, most targeted care for your specific condition(s).

Seek a Diagnosis

Most treatment providers need to see an official diagnosis to admit you to a program. This is not to "prove" that you really have an eating disorder, but to help them understand the specific types of treatment that will be most likely to help you.

To obtain one, you'll have to contact your primary care physician or another trained medical professional. You'll then likely undergo a patient assessment and a medical exam. [5]

A clinician will ask you questions and perform some diagnostic tests to better understand your situation and daily habits, helping them to make a determination of your medical, nutritional, psychological, and social functioning and needs.

While it may still be possible for mental health professionals to provide some help even without a diagnosis, certain treatment approaches work better for different types of eating disorders. A proper diagnosis will also help you to potentially get medications that can assist with your symptoms and make it easier to identify any nutritional deficiencies and similar problems you may have developed.

Begin Treatment

With an official diagnosis, you can generally begin treatment. The standard treatment for an eating disorder consists of individual therapy-usually either cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal psychotherapy-along with nutritional counseling, meal assistance, and possibly medication consultations and group or family therapy, depending on the situation. If you have a co-occurring mental health condition, such as depression or anxiety disorder, it's important to also address those concerns throughout the process. Treating co-occurring disorders simultaneously is generally considered a more successful approach to recovery than treating each disorder in isolation.

Recovering from an Eating Disorder

Getting treated for an eating disorder takes time and persistence. A quick fix may not be possible, but don't give up on your treatment.

Treatment can help you learn to reduce some of your most dangerous habits and improve your physical health, even before you're considered in full "recovery." You'll learn dietary planning and how to channel some of your negative thoughts in healthier ways. You're also likely to see notable improvements in your sense of self and your overall happiness as you get treatment.

If you feel little progress has been made even after a few weeks or months with a treatment professional, you can consider trying treatment with a different professional to see if their approach may help you more.

But remember: progress isn't necessarily linear. Many people experience recovery in a series of fits and spurts. The most important thing to keep in mind is that help is possible, and seeking it can help lead you to a healthier and happier future.

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Eating Disorder Hotlines | Who to Call for Help Today

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Comprehensive list of eating disorder helpline numbers to call for help with anything from bulimia to anorexia to binge eating disorder. Get help today.

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Mania: Mania and hypomania (a less severe form of mania) can include the following symptoms:

Irritability

Thoughts racings through your head

Feeling or being very chatty

Requiring less sleep

Unusually high sex drive

Feelings of extreme happiness, euphoria or jubilation

Excessive over-confidence

Feeling "wired"

Depression: The major depressive episode of bipolar disorder can consist of the following symptoms:

Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much

Feelings of sadness, melancholy, emptiness or hopelessness

Fatigue or tiredness despite getting enough rest

Trouble staying focused

Thoughts of suicide (doesn't have to necessarily include a suicide attempt)

Drastic change in appetite

Drastic change in weight (either significant weight gain or loss)

Keep in mind that it might take quite some time to get an accurate diagnosis. "In a majority of patients, the first episode is depressive, resulting in the incorrect diagnosis of unipolar depression (or Major Depressive Disorder) and ill-fated treatment with antidepressants," according to Dr. Jonathan Stevens, Chief of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Outpatient Services at The Menninger Clinic. "In studies, as many as 70 percent of individuals with Bipolar Disorder failed to receive a correct diagnosis in the one-year period following the initial episode, and in approximately 35 percent of them the correct diagnosis has been made only after 10 years had passed. Additionally, up to 70 percent of patients with broader bipolar spectrum symptoms go unrecognized and undiagnosed, and thus remain untreated or inappropriately treated."

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Bipolar Disorder in College: Knowing the Signs and Finding Support

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Mania: Mania and hypomania (a less severe form of mania) can include the following symptoms: Irritability Thoughts racings through your head Feeling or being very chatty Requiring less sleep Unusually high sex drive Feelings of extreme happiness, euphoria or jubilation Excessive over-confidence Feeling "wired" Depression: The major depressive episode of

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Psycom.net - Mental Health Treatment Resource Since 1986

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Mood Disorder Overview

Everyday life is a roller coaster of emotions. You may feel on top of the world one day because of a high-profile promotion or an awesome grade on a test. Another day, you may feel down in the dumps due to relationship problems, financial troubles, or because you got a flat tire on the way to work. These are normal fluctuations in mood that come and go. When your mood starts to have an impact on your daily activities and in your social, educational, and vocational relationships, you may be suffering from a mood disorder.

What is a Mood Disorder?

Mood disorders are characterized by a serious change in mood that cause disruption to life activities. Though many different subtypes are recognized, three major states of mood disorders exist: depressive, manic, and bipolar. Major depressive disorder is characterized by overall depressed mood. Elevated moods are characterized by mania or hypomania. The cycling between both depressed and manic moods is characteristic of bipolar mood disorders. In addition to type and subtype of mood, these disorders also vary in intensity and severity. For example, dysthymic disorder is a lesser form of major depression and cyclothymic disorder is recognized as a similar, but less severe form of bipolar disorder.

Depression Overview

If you are suffering from depression, feelings of negativity can affect your whole being. While different types of depression exist, most have mood, cognitive, sleep, behavioral, whole body, and weight effects. You are likely experiencing feelings of apathy, general discontent, loss of interest in things that used to be pleasurable, mood swings, or overall sadness. In addition, you may have thoughts of suicide, problems sleeping, feel excessively irritable, socially isolated, and restless. Depression often affects your weight as well - you may lose interest in eating and lose a significant amount of weight or feel overly hungry and put on excess weight.

Mania Overview

Manic moods are characterized by unusually high energy and mood. Feelings of euphoria are often present. These elevated moods typically last three days or more for most of the day. Classic mania symptoms include talking rapidly and/or excessively, needing significantly less sleep than normal, distractibility, poor judgment, impulsivity, and making reckless decisions.

Cause and Effect of Mood Disorders

What causes mood disorders? Researchers and medical professionals do not have a pinpointed answer for this question, but believe both biological and environmental factors are at play. If your family history includes individuals who have been diagnosed with mood disorders, your likelihood of experiencing them, while still low overall, is increased. Traumatic life events are also considered culprits of the onset of mood disorders as well. Mood disorders can negatively impact your work life and school life and intrude on your personal relationships. In some cases, medications and substance abuse can be the cause behind your disorder.

Prevalence of Mood Disorders

Mood disorders have been found to affect approximately 20% of the general population at any given point. More specifically, 17% of the U.S. population is thought to suffer from depression over the course of their lifetime, with bipolar disorder affecting only 1% of the general population. However, researchers agree that many instances of manic moods often go unnoticed or are deemed unproblematic, causing a significant decrease in their reported prevalence.

Diagnosis Methods

Mood disorders are diagnosed through both physical examinations and mental health evaluations. Your physician will perform a physical exam to rule out any underlying medical conditions that are causing an effect on your mood. If ruled out, a mental health provider may perform a series of assessments to determine your mood stability and mental health. Many individuals are reluctant to seek help for mood disorders due to the social stigma associated with them. Because of this, many go undiagnosed and approximately only 20% of those diagnosed receive treatment.

Treatment Options

Mood disorders are treated primarily through medications and psychotherapy. Even with treatment though, it is not uncommon for mood disorders to persist throughout a lifetime or to come and go on occasion. Education about mood disorders help individuals suffering from these conditions recognize patterns of behavior and thought that are indicative of a mood disorder resurfacing - and prompt them to seek additional treatment.

Typically, antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications are prescribed to individuals coping with mood disorders to alleviate emotional distress. Even with medications though, most mental health providers recommend them in combination with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, is focused on changing thought patterns and behaviors. Cognitive behavioral therapy is often considered the benchmark therapy treatment for individuals living with mood disorders. It has been found to have significant positive treatment effects, and in some cases, psychotherapy alone is enough to treat a mood disorder.

Some mood disorders, such as bipolar depression, are usually treated with lifelong medication of mood stabilizers combined with psychotherapy. In addition, the severity of some mood disorders may cause hospitalization, especially if the affected individuals has tried to inflict harm on themselves or others or have thoughts or attempted suicide.

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Mood Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

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Everyday life is a roller coaster of emotions. You may feel on top of the world one day because of a high-profile promotion or an awesome grade on a test. Another day, you may feel down in the dumps due to relationship problems, financial troubles, or because you got a flat tire on the way to work.

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Helping Adolescent with Conduct Disorder 

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Helping Adolescent with Conduct Disorder 

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Frequent acting out, cruelty to people or animals, defiance, and aggressive behavior are just some of the warning signs of conduct disorder in children and teens. While some of these behaviors can be alarming to parents, they can also have serious consequences for you teen - including getting suspended or expelled from school or landing in a juvenile detention facility.

Fortunately, proper treatment early on can have a very positive impact on teens with conduct disorder. But first, you need to know what to look for and the steps to take to ensure your teen gets the help he or she needs.

This brief guide is designed to help you identify the signs and know what steps to take if you believe your teen has conduct disorder.

Adolescent conduct disorder - statistics and facts

Conduct disorder is nearly twice as common in males than females - in the general population, an estimated 6 to 16% of boys have conduct disorder, while somewhere between 2% to 9% have it

Conduct disorder is more likely to develop in youth who grow up in urban areas than rural areas

An estimated 1% to 4% of youth between the ages of 9 and 17 are affected by conduct disorder

In mental health settings, conduct disorder is one of the most common diagnosed psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents

Conduct disorder starts in childhood or adolescence - "child-onset" develops before age 10 and has a worse prognosis than "adolescent-onset" conduct disorder

Teens with adolescent-onset conduct disorder are less likely to be diagnosed with antisocial personality after age 18 than those with child-onset conduct disorder

Treatment for conduct disorder is more likely to be effective if started early

Disruptive behavior disorder is another name for conduct disorder

Co-occurring Disorders

Other mental health disorders that often exist before or co-occur with conduct disorder include:

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)

Depression

Anxiety

Substance use disorders

Risk factors for conduct disorder include:

A history of abuse or neglect

Any history of trauma

Genetic predisposition

Failure in school

A traumatic brain injury

Looking for and Recognizing the Signs of Conduct Disorder

To get your child the help he or she needs as early as possible, which is crucial with conduct disorder, you need to know what to look for. Signs and symptoms of conduct disorder include:

Aggression towards people or animals

Threatening harm towards others

Frequently starting fights with others

Cruelty towards animals

Destruction of property, such as setting fires

Frequently lying

Stealing

Frequent run-ins with the law

Forcing someone into sexual behavior without the person's consent

Frequently violating the rights of others

Often creating conflicts by escalating problems

Lack of remorse for bad behavior or hurting others

Difficulty feeling or showing empathy

Breaking into people's homes or cars

Conning people

Frequent attempts to intimidate others

Bullying behavior

Frequently breaking rules

Getting in trouble at school on a regular basis

Frequently missing school

Running away from home

Physical fights

Seeing others has hostile or aggressive (even when they're not)

Trouble accurately interpreting social cues

Frequent injuries from getting into fights or having accidents

Knowing the First Steps to Take

If your observations and instincts lead you to suspect your adolescent has conduct disorder, the first three steps to take towards handling the situation are to:

1 - Talk to your teen. Sit down with your teen and express your concerns about the troubling behaviors you've noticed. Chances are you've brought these up before, perhaps when you were frustrated or angry. Let your child know that you want to help in any way you can and that you're willing to listen.

Since defiance is typically a major aspect of conduct disorder, your teen may not be willing to open up to you. Don't pressure, but don't allow yourself to be manipulated either. You'll need to consistently set firm boundaries and expectations without yelling, lecturing, or getting into a power struggle.

2 - Set up an appointment for an evaluation. Your child's pediatrician or your family doctor can be one place to start. It's important to remember, however, that he or she isn't a mental health professional with specialized training and experience in dealing with particularly challenging disorders like conduct disorder. Your doctor can do a physical examination to determine if there's an underlying medical cause or substance abuse problem that could be causing or playing a role in your child's behavior.

With conduct disorder, it's generally best to have your teen evaluated by a psychologist or psychiatrist, ideally one who specializes in working with children and adolescents. Their background and experience enable these professionals to recognize and understand the more subtle aspects of conduct disorder and the treatment challenges associated with it. Ask your family doctor for a referral or recommendation.

3 - Get your teen into treatment. The third step to take is to get your child into treatment. The primary form of treatment for conduct disorder in teens is therapy, although medication may be used to treat co-occurring issues.

Talk Therapy - Three of the most effective and common forms of talk therapy used in the treatment of conduct disorder include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), multisystemic , behavior therapy, and family therapy.

Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of talk therapy that focuses on helping your teen identify and change negative thought patterns, self-talk, and beliefs by replacing them with healthy, more positive thoughts, self-talk, and beliefs

Multisystemic therapy is an intensive therapy that involves both the family and the community. It helps juvenile offenders by addressing environmental factors (e.g. home life, teachers, friends, neighborhood) that may be having a negative impact on your teen

Behavior therapy focuses primarily on changing unwanted behaviors using things like positive reinforcement

Family therapy, particularly functional family therapy, focuses on identifying and changing unhealthy family dynamics that may be contributing to or worsening your teen's conduct disorder. Functional family therapy is geared specifically for children and adolescents who frequently act out. It focuses on reducing negativity in the home while increasing support and improving communication among family members.

Medication - Medication isn't usually used to treat conduct disorder itself. However, it may be prescribed to help alleviate symptoms of any co-occurring disorders, such as ADHD, anxiety, or depression. Caution should always be used when it comes to medication for adolescents, as their young brains are still developing. However, if your child's symptoms are moderate to severe, the benefits usually outweigh the risks in most cases.

Appropriate treatment options for your child will be recommended once he or she has been evaluated.

Supporting and Encouraging Your Teen

It can be particularly difficult knowing how to support and encourage a teen with conduct disorder, especially when he or she is being defiant or hostile. Following are some helpful tips:

Educate yourself about conduct disorder so you'll have a better understanding of what your teen is experiencing and why he or she engages in certain types of negative behavior

Talk to your child's therapist or psychiatrist regarding the best way to respond to aggressive, destructive, defiant, or cruel behaviors

Set firm boundaries and rules in the home, but avoid getting into power-struggles with your teen

Make yourself available (and willing) to listen and let your teen know you're there for him or her

Be fair, reasonable, and consistent with the rules you set and the ways in which you enforce them

Communicate rules and consequences clearly

Be patient, understanding that it will take time for your teen to break old patterns of behavior and develop a more positive attitude

Don't take your teen's negative behavior personally

Encourage your teen to use the skills he or she is learning in therapy at home

Understand that conduct disorder isn't something your teen can simply overcome with sheer willpower, nor is it merely a phase of adolescence

Actively participate in your teen's treatment and consult with his or her treatment provider regarding concerns and questions

Strive to create and maintain a low-stress, safe, and structured home environment to help support your teen's treatment and overall emotional health

Respond to unwanted behaviors in a firm, consistent manner without drama or anger

Strive to remain calm even if you're scared or worried

Be genuinely supportive in both your words and actions

Frequently check-in with your child to see how he or she is doing, whether treatment is helping, and to see if there is anything you can do that would be helpful

What to Do When Things Escalate

One of the greatest challenges of parenting children and adolescents with conduct disorder is that they can be highly impulsive and unpredictable. As a result, things can quickly escalate and lead to a crisis. If your child is threatening to harm or actively harming you or anyone - other family members, family pets or other animals, classmates, etc. - then everyone's safety is your highest priority. Turning a blind eye or assuming things will calm down on their own can lead to disastrous outcomes.

If things do escalate don't delay in reaching out for help.

Contact your child's provider asap

Or, if it's after hours:

Enlist the help of a close family member or friend to assist you

Take your child to the nearest hospital emergency room (if you can do so safely)

Call 911

When Individual Therapy isn't Enough

Sometimes individual therapy simply isn't enough to adequately treat and manage your teen's conduct disorder. If your teen is:

Threatening to, actively planning to, or currently harming someone else

Threatening or actively planning suicide

Making suicide gestures or attempts

Unable to function appropriately at home, school, or other settings

then it's time to consider a more intensive level of treatment. This may involve:

Intensive outpatient treatment (IOP) / Psychiatric day treatment

Residential treatment

Dual diagnosis treatment

Inpatient psychiatric treatment

Intensive outpatient treatment or psychiatric day treatment can vary in terms of the amount of time spent in treatment and how often (e.g. twice a week, 5 days a week) your child is required to go. These programs are the next step up from regular outpatient treatment (i.e. an hour of therapy once or twice a week).

Residential treatment involves having your child stay at a non-hospital treatment facility that specializes in treating adolescents with mental health disorders. Residential treatment typically lasts between 30 to 180 days, depending on the disorder and its severity. If substance abuse is also a problem, look for a residential treatment center that offers dual diagnosis t reatment.

Dual diagnosis treatment is recommended for adolescents who have both conduct disorder and a substance use disorder. This type of treatment often occurs in a residential treatment setting or as part of an intensive outpatient treatment program.

Inpatient psychiatric treatment is the highest and most intensive level of treatment for adolescents who are an imminent danger to themselves or others. It requires admitting your teen to an adolescent psychiatric hospital unit where medical staff will monitor him or her 24/7. This level of treatment may last for several days.

Each of these intensive levels of treatment typically provides daily therapy in various forms, such as individual and / or group therapy, as well as other types of therapies such as music therapy or art therapy. Frequent or daily visits with a staff psychiatrist may also occur, especially if your teen is being treated with medication.

Taking Care of Yourself

Dealing with a teen who has conduct disorder can elicit an array of negative emotions. These may include feelings of hopelessness, helplessness, anger, frustration, and despair. You may also struggle with a sense of failure as a parent; blaming yourself for your child's behavior and wondering where you went wrong. However, beating yourself up won't help you and it certainly won't benefit your teen.

Considering the emotional toll of conduct disorder, it's essential that you make a daily, conscientious effort to take good care of yourself. Proper self-care will help prevent those negative emotions from overwhelming and defeating you, and will help bolster your emotional well-being.

Some things you can do to take care of yourself include:

Surrounding yourself with supportive individuals. This may include a therapist, a pastor or other members of your church, local or online support groups, family members, and close friends. The more supported your feel, the easier it will be to support and encourage your teen.

Get plenty of sleep and eat a healthy diet

Make time for yourself

Learn healthy ways to manage your stress

Conduct disorder is challenging, but having a healthy, supportive parent is one of the greatest gifts you can give your teen.

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Helping Your Adolescent with Conduct Disorder - Evolve Treatment Centers

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Proper treatment early on can have a very positive impact on teens with conduct disorder. But first, you need to know what to look for and the steps to take to ensure your teen gets the help he or she needs.

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Lo sentimos, la página que usted busca no se ha podido encontrar. Puede intentar su búsqueda de nuevo o visitar la lista de temas populares.

What is conduct disorder?

Conduct disorder is a mental health condition that can affect children and teenagers. Kids who have conduct disorder seem to enjoy hurting people and doing bad things. They are unkind and often violent, and they don't care about other people's feelings. This behavior goes beyond normal teasing, bullying, or acting out.

Extreme bullying, hurting animals, and lying for no reason are all signs of conduct disorder. In younger kids, conduct disorder starts with pushing, hitting and biting. In older kids, conduct disorder can come with more extreme violent behavior and crimes like stealing, destroying things and setting fires.

All kids act out sometimes, so conduct disorder is only diagnosed when this extreme behavior shows up over a long period of time and isn't caused by the child's environment.

What are the symptoms of conduct disorder?

Symptoms of conduct disorder include:

Not caring about social norms of good behavior

Ignoring the rights and feelings of other people

Enjoying causing harm, lying or manipulating people

Committing physical or sexual violence

Hurting animals

In younger kids: lying for no real reason, stealing for the fun of it, and extreme bullying

In older kids: picking fights, lying, cheating, stealing, destroying property, and physically or emotionally abusing others

How is conduct disorder diagnosed?

Conduct disorder is different from just bad behavior or acting out, which most kids do at some point. Kids must show symptoms of conduct disorder for several months at a time to be diagnosed. Before diagnosing a child with conduct disorder, a professional will also try to figure out if their extreme behavior could be a reaction to problems at home. To be diagnosed, a child's enjoyment of causing pain must seem to come from something inside them.

What are the risk factors for conduct disorder?

Several things put kids at higher risk of developing conduct disorder:

Having a parent or sibling with conduct disorder

Having a biological parent who abuses alcohol or has depression, ADHD, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia

Experiencing abuse or neglect

Being bullied or having friends who encourage negative behavior

How is conduct disorder treated?

Conduct disorder is hard to treat but treatment can work if the child's family, friends and teachers get involved. Treatment works better if it starts when the child is young.

In therapy for conduct disorder, the child learns healthier ways to interact with others. At the same time, the child's family and support system learn ways to communicate with the child. Children with conduct disorder usually stay in psychotherapy or behavioral therapy for a long time.

In younger children, therapy for conduct disorder usually involves teaching parents how to encourage good behavior. In adolescents, therapy may also focus on the child's relationships with friends, other kids, and adults at school (like teachers and principals).

There is no medication specifically for conduct disorder. But kids with conduct disorder sometimes have other disorders as well, like depression or bipolar disorder. Treating those other disorders with medication can help therapy for conduct disorder work better.

This guide was last reviewed or updated on February 23, 2023.

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Quick Guide to Conduct Disorder - Child Mind Institute

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Lo sentimos, la página que usted busca no se ha podido encontrar. Puede intentar su búsqueda de nuevo o visitar la lista de temas populares. Conduct disorder is a mental health condition that can affect children and teenagers. Kids who have conduct disorder seem to enjoy hurting people and doing bad things.

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Help Guide for Bipolar Disorder Treatment 

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Help Guide for Bipolar Disorder Treatment 

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Learn how treatment and therapy for bipolar disorder can help you manage your symptoms and control mood swings.

Understanding bipolar disorder treatment

If you suspect that you're suffering from bipolar disorder, it's important to seek help right away. Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition that runs an unpredictable course of ups and downs. When left untreated, these ups and downs can be devastating. The recurring manic and depressive episodes that characterize the disease make it difficult to lead a stable, productive life. In the manic phase, you may be hyperactive and irresponsible. In the depressive phase, it may be difficult to do anything at all. Early diagnosis and treatment can help you avoid these problems. An experienced mental health professional can make an accurate diagnosis and start you on the path to recovery.

Successful treatment of bipolar disorder depends on a combination of factors. Medication alone is not enough. In order to get the most out of treatment, it's important to educate yourself about the illness, communicate with your doctors and therapists, have a strong support system, and help yourself by making healthy lifestyle choices that may reduce your need for medication. It's important to stick to your treatment plan, reassessing with your doctor as changes in your life occur.

Recovering from bipolar disorder doesn't happen overnight. As with the mood swings of bipolar disorder, treatment has its own ups and downs. Finding the right treatments takes time and setbacks happen. But with careful management and a commitment to getting better, you can get your symptoms under control and live life to the fullest.

What can I do to start feeling better?

Recognize there's a difference between your symptoms and your real self. By understanding how bipolar disorder affects your behavior, you can separate the symptoms of your illness from your character. Talk to your health care providers about the behaviors you want to change and then set concrete goals for making those changes.

Educate your loved ones about bipolar disorder. The more your family and close friends know, the better they can help you to cope with symptoms, spot triggers, and handle any crises.

Make healthy lifestyle choices. Recovery is also about creating a healthy lifestyle, which includes staying physically and socially active, getting regular sleep, eating to promote brain health, and avoiding alcohol, drugs, and risky behavior.

Find the treatment that works best for you. Talk to your health care provider about your medications' effects on you, especially any unpleasant side effects. There are many options for you to try, but it is imperative that you talk to your health care provider first before making any changes to your medication.

Getting an accurate diagnosis

Getting an accurate diagnosis is the first step in your bipolar disorder treatment. And it isn't always easy. The mood swings of bipolar disorder can be difficult to distinguish from other problems such as major depression, ADHD, and borderline personality disorder. For many people with bipolar disorder, it takes time and numerous doctor visits before the problem is correctly identified and treated.

Making the diagnosis of bipolar disorder can be tricky even for trained professionals, so it's best to see a psychiatrist with experience treating bipolar disorder rather than a family doctor or another type of physician. A psychiatrist specializes in mental health and is more likely to know about the latest research and treatment options.

What to expect during the diagnostic exam

A diagnostic exam for bipolar disorder generally consists of the following:

Psychological evaluation - The doctor or bipolar disorder specialist will conduct a complete psychiatric history. You will answer questions about your symptoms, the history of the problem, any treatment you've previously received, and your family history of mood disorders.

Medical history and physical - There are no lab tests for identifying bipolar disorder, but your doctor should conduct a medical history and physical exam in order to rule out illnesses or medications that might be causing your symptoms. Screening for thyroid disorders is particularly important, as thyroid problems can cause mood swings that mimic bipolar disorder.

In addition to taking your psychiatric and medical history, your doctor may also talk to family members and friends about your moods and behaviors. Often, those close to you are able to give a more accurate and objective picture of your symptoms.

Are your symptoms caused by something else?

Medical conditions and medications that can mimic the symptoms of bipolar disorder include:

Thyroid disorders

Neurological disorders

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Drugs for Parkinson's disease

Corticosteroids

Antidepressants

Anti-anxiety drugs

Adrenal disorders (e.g. Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome)

Types of bipolar disorder

There are several types of bipolar disorder. Each type is identified by the pattern of episodes of mania and depression. The treatment that is best for you may differ depending on the type of bipolar disorder you have. Your doctor will look carefully to determine where your symptoms fit.

Bipolar I Disorder (mania and depression)

Bipolar I disorder is the classic form of the illness, as well as the most severe type of bipolar disorder. It is characterized by at least one manic episode or mixed episode. The vast majority of people with bipolar I disorder have also experienced at least one episode of major depression, although this isn't required for diagnosis.

Bipolar II Disorder (hypomania and depression)

Mania is not involved in bipolar II disorder. Instead, the illness involves recurring episodes of major depression and hypomania, a milder form of mania. In order to be diagnosed with bipolar II disorder, you must have experienced at least one hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode in your lifetime. If you ever have a manic episode, your diagnosis will be changed to bipolar I disorder.

Cyclothymia (hypomania and mild depression)

Cyclothymia is a milder form of bipolar disorder. Like bipolar disorder, cyclothymia consists of cyclical mood swings. However, the highs and lows are not severe enough to qualify as either mania or major depression. To be diagnosed with cyclothymia, you must experience numerous periods of hypomania and mild depression over at least a two-year time span. Because people with cyclothymia are at an increased risk of developing full-blown bipolar disorder, it is a condition that should be monitored and treated.

Is it bipolar disorder or depression?

Bipolar disorder is commonly misdiagnosed as depression since most people with bipolar disorder seek help when they're in the depressive stage of the illness. When they're in the manic stage, they don't recognize the problem. What's more, most people with bipolar disorder are depressed a much greater percentage of the time than they are manic or hypomanic.

Being misdiagnosed with depression is a potentially dangerous problem because the treatment for bipolar depression is different than for regular depression. In fact, antidepressants can actually make bipolar disorder worse. So it's important to see a mood disorder specialist who can help you figure out what's really going on.

Do I have depression or bipolar disorder?

You've experienced repeated episodes of major depression

You had your first episode of major depression before age 25

You have a first-degree relative with bipolar disorder

When you're not depressed, your mood and energy levels are higher than most people's

When you're depressed, you oversleep and overeat

Your episodes of major depression are short (less than 3 months)

You've lost contact with reality while depressed

You've had postpartum depression before

You've developed mania or hypomania while taking an antidepressant

Your antidepressant stopped working after several months

Indicators that your depression is really bipolar disorder include:

Exploring bipolar disorder treatment options

If your doctor determines that you have bipolar disorder, he or she will explain your treatment options and possibly prescribe medication for you to take. You may also be referred to another mental health professional, such as a psychologist, counselor, or a bipolar disorder specialist. Together, you will work with your healthcare providers to develop a personalized treatment plan.

Comprehensive treatment for bipolar disorder

A comprehensive treatment plan for bipolar disorder aims to relieve symptoms, restore your ability to function, fix problems the illness has caused at home and at work, and reduce the likelihood of recurrence.

A comprehensive bipolar treatment plan involves:

Medication - Medication is the cornerstone of bipolar disorder treatment. Taking a mood stabilizing medication can help minimize the highs and lows of bipolar disorder and keep symptoms under control.

Psychotherapy - Therapy is essential for dealing with bipolar disorder and the problems it has caused in your life. Working with a therapist, you can learn how to cope with difficult or uncomfortable feelings, repair your relationships, manage stress, and regulate your mood.

Education - Managing symptoms and preventing complications begins with a thorough knowledge of your illness. The more you and your loved ones know about bipolar disorder, the better able you'll be able to avoid problems and deal with setbacks.

Lifestyle management - By carefully regulating your lifestyle, you can keep symptoms and mood episodes to a minimum. This involves maintaining a regular sleep schedule, avoiding alcohol and drugs, eating a mood-boosting diet, following a consistent exercise program, minimizing stress, and keeping your sunlight exposure stable year-round.

Support - Living with bipolar disorder can be challenging, and having a solid support system in place can make all the difference in your outlook and motivation. Participating in a bipolar disorder support group gives you the opportunity to share your experiences and learn from others who know what you're going through. The support of friends and family is also invaluable. Reaching out to people who love you won't mean you're a burden to others.

Medication treatment for bipolar disorder

Most people with bipolar disorder need medication in order to keep their symptoms under control. When medication is continued on a long-term basis, it can reduce the frequency and severity of bipolar mood episodes, and sometimes prevent them entirely. If you have been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, you and your doctor will work together to find the right drug or combination of drugs for your needs. Because everyone responds to medication differently, you may have to try several different medications before you find one that relieves your symptoms.

Check in frequently with your doctor. It's important to have regular blood tests to make sure that your medication levels are in the therapeutic range. Getting the dose right is a delicate balancing act. Close monitoring by your doctor will help keep you safe and symptom-free.

Continue taking your medication, even if your mood is stable. Don't stop taking your medication as soon as you start to feel better. Most people need to take medication long-term in order to avoid relapse.

Don't expect medication to fix all your problems. Bipolar disorder medication can help reduce the symptoms of mania and depression, but in order to feel your best, it's important to lead a lifestyle that supports wellness. This includes surrounding yourself with supportive people, getting therapy, and getting plenty of rest.

Be extremely cautious with antidepressants. Research shows that antidepressants are not particularly effective in the treatment of bipolar depression. Furthermore, they can trigger mania or cause rapid cycling between depression and mania in people with bipolar disorder.

The importance of therapy for bipolar disorder

Research indicates that people who take medications for bipolar disorder are more likely to get better faster and stay well if they also receive therapy. Therapy can teach you how to deal with problems your symptoms are causing, including relationship, work, and self-esteem issues. Therapy will also address any other problems you're struggling with, such as substance abuse or anxiety.

1. Cognitive-behavioral therapy

2. Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy

3. Family-focused therapy

Three types of therapy are especially helpful in the treatment of bipolar disorder:

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), you examine how your thoughts affect your emotions. You also learn how to change negative thinking patterns and behaviors into more positive ways of responding. For bipolar disorder, the focus is on managing symptoms, avoiding triggers for relapse, and problem-solving.

Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy

Interpersonal therapy focuses on current relationship issues and helps you improve the way you relate to the important people in your life. By addressing and solving interpersonal problems, this type of therapy reduces stress in your life. Since stress is a trigger for bipolar disorder, this relationship-oriented approach can help reduce mood cycling.

Social rhythm therapy is often combined with interpersonal therapy is often combined with social rhythm therapy for the treatment of bipolar disorder. People with bipolar disorder are believed to have overly sensitive biological clocks, the internal timekeepers that regulate circadian rhythms. This clock is easily thrown off by disruptions in your daily pattern of activity, also known as your "social rhythms." Social rhythm therapy focuses on stabilizing social rhythms such as sleeping, eating, and exercising. When these rhythms are stable, the biological rhythms that regulate mood remain stable too.

Family-focused therapy

Living with a person who has bipolar disorder can be difficult, causing strain in family and marital relationships. Family-focused therapy addresses these issues and works to restore a healthy and supportive home environment. Educating family members about the disease and how to cope with its symptoms is a major component of treatment. Working through problems in the home and improving communication is also a focus of treatment.

Complementary treatments for bipolar disorder

Most alternative treatments for bipolar disorder are really complementary treatments, meaning they should be used in conjunction with medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes. Here are a few of the options that show promise:

Light and dark therapy - Like social rhythm therapy, light and dark therapy focuses on the sensitive biological clock in people with bipolar disorder. This easily disrupted clock throws off sleep-wake cycles, a disturbance that can trigger symptoms of mania and depression. Light and dark therapy regulates these biological rhythms-and thus reduces mood cycling- by carefully managing your exposure to light. The major component of this therapy involves creating an environment of regular darkness by restricting artificial light for ten hours every night.

Mindfulness meditation - Research has shown that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and meditation help fight and prevent depression, anger, agitation, and anxiety. The mindfulness approach uses meditation, yoga, and breathing exercises to focus awareness on the present moment and break negative thinking patterns.

Acupuncture - Some researchers believe that acupuncture may help people with bipolar disorder by modulating their stress response. Studies on acupuncture for depression have shown a reduction in symptoms, and there is increasing evidence that acupuncture may relieve symptoms of mania also.

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If you suspect that you're suffering from bipolar disorder, it's important to seek help right away. Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition that runs an unpredictable course of ups and downs. When left untreated, these ups and downs can be devastating.

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The following organizations offer information about bipolar disorder, depression, and related topics.
Families for Depression Awareness assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of information that other organizations provide.
Help in a Crisis

Urgently contact your loved one's mental healthcare provider, bring them to a nearby hospital, or call 9-1-1.

Education, Support, and Finding a Healthcare Professional

Contact your health insurer to learn which treatments and clinicians are covered. You or your loved one may need to consult a primary healthcare provider for a referral. These organizations might also be helpful.
Additional resources on finding care
"On Pins and Needles: Caregivers of Adults with Mental Illness" (link downloads .pdf report)

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Bipolar resources - Families for Depression Awareness

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Families for Depression Awareness assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of information that other organizations provide. Help in a Crisis Urgently contact your loved one's mental healthcare provider, bring them to a nearby hospital, or call 9-1-1. Education, Support, and Finding a Healthcare Professional Contact your health insurer to learn which treatments and clinicians are covered.

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Overview

Occasional anxiety is an expected part of life. You might feel anxious when faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or before making an important decision. But anxiety disorders involve more than temporary worry or fear. For a person with an anxiety disorder, the anxiety does not go away and can get worse over time. The symptoms can interfere with daily activities such as job performance, school work, and relationships.

There are several types of anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and various phobia-related disorders.

Signs and Symptoms

Risk Factors

Treatments and Therapies

Join a Study

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Occasional anxiety is an expected part of life. You might feel anxious when faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or before making an important decision. But anxiety disorders involve more than temporary worry or fear. For a person with an anxiety disorder, the anxiety does not go away and can get worse over time.

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Anxiety & Depression Association of America

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Anxiety & Depression Association of America

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Additional online informational websites*

Children and Adolescents

Child Mind Institute
Families for Depression Awareness
Families USA
Georgetown Center for Children and Families
National Child Traumatic Stress Network
The Balanced Mind Foundation
The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
Selective Mutism Group
Selective Mutism Foundation
WorryWiseKids.org
Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Home Base Program - for military families in New England

Teens and College Students

Active Minds
Guide to College Student Mental Health
Minding Your Mind
National Eating Disorders Association
Promoting Student Mental Health
Start Your Recovery
Student Mental Health: A Guide to Identifying Disorders and Promoting Wellness
The Jed Foundation

Women
Food and Drug Administration Office of Women's Health provides these links:
Men

Military and Military Families

Helping Children Cope During Deployment - Real Warriors Campaign, Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury (DCoE)
BraveHeart: Welcome Back Veterans Southeast Initiative - Emory University and the Atlanta Braves have teamed up to offer veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and their family members a variety of expert support resources. Mission: Help people in the Southeastern United States get help for PTSD.

Mental Health - General

Make It Ok
Community Conversations About Mental Health
Academy of Cognitive Therapy
American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
American Psychiatric Association
American Psychological Association
Andrew Kukes Foundation for Social Anxiety
Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law
BrainFacts.org
Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
Research Match
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance (DBSA)
International Bipolar Foundation
DualDiagnosis.org (depression and addiction)
Freedom From Fear
Helping Others Live Sober [Service to Others in Sobriety (SOS) Questionnaire]
MentalHealth.gov
Mental Health America
NAMI (National Alliance on Mental Illness)
National Association of Free and Charitable Clinics (NAFC) focuses on the issues and needs of more than 1,200 free and charitable clinics and the people they serve in the United States; offers an application for discount pharmacy card.
National Institute of Mental Health
Care for Your Mind
NoStigmas.org: A voice for mental health equality, or when all people have the same rights, treatment, and access to care regardless of mental illness or condition.

Social Security Disability benefits: Learn how to apply if you have an anxiety disorder, depression, or other mental disorders.
Thero.org, a collective of mental health care providers and consumers of mental health services
Treatment Advocacy Center: Eliminating barriers to the treatment of mental illness
World Federation for Mental Health

Medication

Drugalert.org is a comprehensive database with information and news alerts about potentially dangerous drugs currently on the market or previously available worldwide.
DrugNews.net provides the latest research, warnings, FDA recalls and legal news to those who use popular drugs or medical devices.
DrugWatch.com provides up-to-date information about prescription and over-the-counter medications, including details about associated side effects.
Patient Safety Alerts offers real-time email notifications about drug recalls and safety alerts.

Mindfulness

Mindfulness for Healthy Living (University of Southern California School of Social Work)

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

International OCD Foundation
The TLC Foundation for Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs)

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Addiction Center
Give an Hour - for veterans and their families
National Center for PTSD
Real Warriors (U.S. Department of Defense) - for veterans and their families

Specific Phobias

International Paruresis Association - shy bladder syndrome

Suicide Prevention

American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
1-800-273-TALK (8255) National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
Sources of Strength
The Carson J. Spencer Foundation
Working Minds

Related Resources

Addiction Resource
Employer Guide for Compliance with the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act(A concise guide to the parity law, its final regulations, and how it is affected by the Affordable Care Act)
National Eating Disorders Association
National Sleep Foundation
National Women's Health Resource Center
Talking to Children About Terrorism and War
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
The National Child Traumatic Stress Network
Children and Grief

International Organizations

A Guide to UK-based Anxiety Disorders Association of Canada
Anxiety Disorders Association of Manitoba
Anxiety UK
Free Mental Health Helplines by Cassiobury Court.

ADAA has not investigated these sites nor does it have the facilities to evaluate their recommendations in regards to treating anxiety, depression or co-occurring disorders. This list is a compilation of websites who have requested that their links appear on ADAA's website. ADAA doesn't recommend or endorse the competence or expertise of the information on any of these sites. The listing of a website is not an endorsement, but merely a source listing of informational sites that ADAA's website visitors might find helpful.

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Additional online informational websites* Child Mind Institute Families for Depression Awareness Families USA Georgetown Center for Children and Families National Child Traumatic Stress Network The Balanced Mind Foundation The Henry J.