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The picture is explaining how eager the german people were to finally get over to america. Many just wanted to get out of the economy they were stuck in and go to the world of wealthy capitalists. Usually they sold their services for years because they couldnt afford the trip over to the States. The German government at the time was the second biggest industrial powerhouse at the time, before WW1 though they were considered a Constitutional Monarchy. This meaning political parties had no control over the government and the military. This giving the government and military their own power. Giving these 2 the most power most likely worried the German citizens pushing them towards america before Germany fell into a crisis

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In the picture provided, there are lots of German immigrants boring the ship. It looks over crowded and cramped, it leads to the inquiry, why are they so desperate to leave? In the years 1871-1912 there was a federal election in Germany. The permitted provisions governing the right to vote had an unfair system for elections; Concluding, there were unfair voting restrictions in Germany. Certain parties such as, Liberalism and Conservatives were on a decline, this would give them a pull factor to America due to the fact that Germany's Parliament was changed, they wanted to avoid political prosecution.

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A Harper's Weekly cartoon of German emigrants boarding a steamer in Hamburg, Germany, 1874. Wikipedia

The hysterical anti-migrant and anti-refugee rhetoric from the Republican candidates in the US presidential race has reached a fever pitch lately, with Donald Trump leading the charge. From advocating the building of a wall on the Mexican border to calling for Muslims to be banned from entering the US, he has taken some positions on "outsiders" that would make some of Europe's staunchest right-wing populists blush.

But Trump could benefit from a little reflection on his own background. He himself is the grandson of a German immigrant, Friedrich Drumpf, who came to the US in 1885 - one of a great many Germans who settled in American society and helped make it what it is today.

From the 1820s onwards, about 7m Germans migrated to the US. In particular during the 19th century, German culture remained a distinctive element of US public life: German settlements, schools, associations, and churches existed alongside those of other migrant communities. These networks provided much needed emotional and practical support, and were a vital way to share impressions of the new country and news from "home".

Compared to other immigrant groups coming to the US in large numbers, the Germans assimilated and eventually gave up most of their "ethnic" associations by the 1920s. But their distinctive experience among the groups who came to the US in this period speaks to today's debates about immigration - and especially to the ways immigrants integrate into new societies.

Settling in

We've been working on a computer-aided textual analysis of about 6,000 letters sent between the US and Germany between 1830 and 1970. Their contents allow us to trace how migrants' identities and transnational ties changed over the decades.

These letters were written by "ordinary" migrants, rather than members of the elite who were writing to be read. They were an important and authentic source of information about America for families and local communities in Germany who were experiencing the effects of mass emigration from the "home" end. Through the letters, migrants and their families compared life abroad and back home, and formed a vivid image of the US.

This map illustrates the origins of the letters, conforming to the familiar spatial and temporal pattern of migration. While some Germans left for Australia, Canada, and South America, those who went to the US settled in the Midwest and along the east coast. Their letters provide a rich insight into their experiences of migration over 150 years: they're delighted by easy access to the labour market and higher salaries, for example, but also talk about the uncertainty of succeeding in the host country because of job insecurity and higher living costs.

In March 1940, Helene Heintze wrote from New York to her family in Germany:

One is worried about Germany's fate, one is too much exposed to the English propaganda over here. And then, of course, the working conditions get on one's nerves, as always, nothing to rely on, at one point you work like crazy and shortly afterwards you sit around at home again. [...] One had actually expected something completely different from life and it is impossible to get out of this mess.

Ms Heintze's first-hand account illustrates the meandering and always incomplete process of integrating into a new society and political system as well as the importance of maintaining links to family members and life "back home".

She left Germany in the aftermath of World War I, and wrote at least three to four letters per year to her family and friends in Saxony. Initially settled in Chicago, we see her criticising America's consumer culture and ruthless economic system, while embracing opportunities for women and a chance of social mobility she had never experienced in Germany. During the 1930s, she became increasingly interested in German politics. A lack of access to information and the openly anti-Germany public rhetoric in the US revived her emotional ties to her homeland during a moment of political crisis.

These ties to the families left behind did a lot to shape the overall positive image of the US in Germany, which was particularly strong in the middle of the 19th century and in the interwar period. The letters' references to social modernisation and economic and political freedom, pointing to the considerable development gap between the two countries. The letters are a powerful expression of the inherent diversity of a sizeable group of immigrants as well as overarching patterns in their identities.

Feels like home

CC BY-SA

German immigrants' feelings about the US and Germany varied greatly over time. Moments of crisis made them reconsider their identities and their relationship to both countries. For newly arrived Germans, having lost their local communities, quick reintegration into German networks was a crucial part of feeling at home in the US. To answer their questions on education, agricultural practice or financial investment, they relied on links back to fellow Germans in the US and in Germany.

For many of them, World War I and World War II triggered a higher level of interest in German society and politics. The fact that their ethnic origin came under renewed scrutiny made many of them feel "German" again.

President Theodore Roosevelt's campaign against " hyphenated Americans " during World War I and the perceived lack of objective information about Germany in US media stimulated this ethnic identity. Some letters explicitly mention a wish to fight for Germany and a hope for Germany's victory "over its enemies".

There's plenty here that we'd do well to remember today. The experience of the Germans demonstrates how immigrant integration is not a linear process, but a negotiated and multi-directional process that is measured in degrees. Migrants of all backgrounds living in any host society endorse and integrate into some aspects of life, but not others. This changes the host society as a result. The inherent diversity of any large immigrant population makes some degree of integration almost inevitable, as large and diverse groups can't maintain overall ethnic unity outside the mainstream of the host country's society. By contrast, restrictive policies and anti-immigrant rhetoric are likely to reinvigorate immigrants' emotional ties to their country of origin.

And above all, critical events such as national crisis or war can reactivate immigrants' political interest in and renewed identification with their original homeland, however "assimilated" they may have become in their new country. It's unrealistic to expect immigrants to let go of their ties completely - but it's equally naïve to think that letting them in is only a burden on (or liability for) the host country.

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Writing home: how German immigrants found their place in the US

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The hysterical anti-migrant and anti-refugee rhetoric from the Republican candidates in the US presidential race has reached a fever pitch lately, with Donald Trump leading the charge. From advocating the building of a wall on the Mexican border to calling for Muslims to be banned from entering the US, he has taken some positions on "outsiders" that would make some of Europe's staunchest right-wing populists blush.

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This piece of art drawn by Joseph Keppler is showing the reaction to the Anti-Immigration of the American people and how chaotic immigrants got with each other for the fight to live the american dream. Its representing the Working Class despising immigrants coming in and taking their jobs. Irish wanted just a new slate, a new life worry free of any debts or wrong doings in their past life. While Germans had lived a decent life they came over because the government they had prior wasn't too settling for the German people pushing them to come over in hope for a better government

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The germans came into the United States because they believed in a land with greater opportunity.
They came over because their government had distinctions of classes based on their social and business life. The German giving the speech continues to say that no one over in Europe would dare talk to anyone who wasnt financially stable. The classes were almost the same as they were in America, huge gap that no one could get in between. It was either Upper Class or your were Poor Giving the Germans some push towards America hoping for better economic/social standards

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Citation Information

Ernst, C. J., excerpt from "The Story of an Emigrant Boy," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/93f90708efb94716d1daed2e72e2bf89.

Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

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An excerpt from a patriotic speech delivered by a German immigrant in 1917.

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Citation Information Ernst, C. J., excerpt from "The Story of an Emigrant Boy," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/93f90708efb94716d1daed2e72e2bf89. Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

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This picture represents a push factor because it shows how people lived an old and very poor life. These people want to get out and explore to create a better future for themselves and their children. These people immigrated for a safer and more trustworthy life. Most of the immigrants were least likely to speak English or be a skilled worker in any type of job.

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The busiest day at Ellis Island was April 17, 1907, when 11,747 immigrants passed through the processing center to enter the United States. Nearly 1.3 million immigrants came to the U.S. that year-a record for highest volume of immigrants that held until 1990. Like immigrants today, these people came in search of a better and safer life. Yet compared to immigrants in 2017, immigrants back then were much less likely to speak English or be skilled workers, according to new research.

Most immigrants in 1907 came from Europe, and many white, Protestant Americans feared these immigrants couldn't "assimilate." Catholic immigrants from southern and eastern Europe were supposedly too culturally different. And German immigrants, then America's largest non-English-speaking group, were establishing German-language schools and newspapers across the U.S. instead of integrating themselves into English-speaking institutions.

APIC/Getty Images

"Those same fears are echoed today, just about a different group of immigrants," says Andrew Lim, the director of quantitative research at New American Economy. Lim recently published a study comparing immigrants in 1907 to those in 2017.

In 1907, immigrants from Russia accounted for 19 percent of U.S. immigration, more than any other country. Next after Russia were Italy and Austria, which accounted for 15 percent each. Of the top 10 countries that immigrants came from, only two were outside of Europe: Canada (5.7 percent) and Mexico (2.7 percent). At the time, discriminatory policies like the Chinese Exclusion Act and the Gentlemen's Agreement barred almost all immigration from China and Japan.

One fourth of these immigrants settled in New York and New Jersey, close to the major entry point of Ellis Island. In general, 1907 immigrants were much more geographically concentrated than immigrants today. Some moved west to states like Pennsylvania, Illinois and Ohio, but they didn't settle evenly across the U.S.

In 2017, the top three states where immigrants settled were California, Texas and Florida, but "every state received or welcomed new immigrants," Lim says. In a vast shift from 1907 when rules prevented Chinese people from immigrating, China was one of the top sources of U.S. immigrants in 2017, along with India, the Philippines, Brazil and South Korea.

Only about half of immigrants spoke English when they entered the country in 1907 (for comparison, 84 percent of immigrants in 2017 spoke English). They were also less educated and less skilled than immigrants today. Only 1.3 percent held a professional occupation, such as lawyer, teacher, engineer or doctor. The largest portion of immigrants were manual laborers who might work in warehouses or perform outdoor tasks like woodchopping. Nearly a quarter were machine operators who might drive delivery trucks or work at a laundry service.
Read more: 20 Ellis Island Immigration Photos That Capture the Hope and Diversity of New Arrivals
But lack of English or work skills weren't the only reasons immigrants faced discrimination. There was also a general feeling that immigrants were too culturally foreign to live in the U.S. German-speaking immigrants who came over in 1907 faced a lot of backlash a decade later, when the U.S. entered World War I. Germany was an adversary in the war, and immigrants from there suddenly became "hyphenated Americans" for practicing their own cultural traditions. President Woodrow Wilson declared that "Any man who carries a hyphen about with him, carries a dagger that he is ready to plunge into the vitals of this Republic when he gets ready."

In addition, Catholic immigrants from southern and eastern Europe became associated with drinking and crime. White Protestant men in the Anti-Saloon League-many of whom would go on to join the new Ku Klux Klan after 1915-argued that the U.S. needed to pass a Prohibition amendment before these new immigrants acquired more voting power. During the 1920s, the KKK gained millions of members by advertising itself as a vigilante police force that would keep Catholic immigrants from countries like Italy in line.

The U.S. tried to reduce this type of immigration with the 1924 Immigration Act, which introduced numerical caps or quotas based on country of origin. These quotas gave enormous preference to people from northern and western Europe over those from southern and eastern parts of the continent. But despite intense fears that the latter type of immigrants could never really be American, they and their descendants became an important part of the country.

"There are inherent challenges to coming to a new country and finding your way," Lim says. Even so, "if you look at things that are critical to the idea of integration or assimilation," like language or job skills, "immigrants today actually perform better on paper" than those who came to America over a century ago.

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How the Immigrants Who Came to Ellis Island in 1907 Compare to Arrivals Today

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The busiest day at Ellis Island was April 17, 1907, when 11,747 immigrants passed through the processing center to enter the United States. Nearly 1.3 million immigrants came to the U.S. that year-a record for highest volume of immigrants that held until 1990. Like immigrants today, these people came in search of a better and safer life.

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This is a push factor because they were told to go to the consulate then straight to Austria. They were forced to go to Austria but then got the word that England had declared war against them. It's also a push factor because due to the war nearly all trade is prevented. Without trade people cannot get the resources needed to support their families and more. Families who have no resources will not want to contribute, and be a part of this type of organization.

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Letter to Emilie Wehle - August 14, 1914

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This political cartoon created by Thomas Nast in 1876 is essentially about Tweed, William Marcy trying to appease the people in a "win, win situation". This artist was a German immigrant who came to the United States and started creating political cartoons concerning American Politics. That alone is a pull factor, because during this time period in Germany, there was a lot of political disruption going on. To learn of a German artist taking his time to create fun visuals of the current political events in America shows them a more stable political environment.

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Tweed-le-dee and Tilden-dum | Collections Search Center, Smithsonian Institution

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Search millions of objects in the collections including photographs, artworks, artifacts, scientific specimens, manuscripts, sound records, and transcripts. These represent Art, Design, History, Culture, Science and Technology.

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Johanna was a young lady, age twenty seven to be exact, who had sailed on the Hansa ship in 1921. The Hansa was an auxiliary cruiser of Nazi Germany's Kreigesmarine, the ship was not ever put into active service as a commerce radar however she was used to transport civilians and soldiers during her time (Johanna was a civilian passenger on one of Hansa's voyages). Johanna and her family, like so many others, were greatly poor due to WWI. Which played a huge role in the push factor that persuaded her to leave Germany to marry a man in America. She saw more luck in America due to her current financial situation, so, she left Germany.

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I recently had the opportunity to translate a young woman's diary. Year, 1921, name, Johanna, age, 27. As many other Germans, Johanna and her family had become very poor in the years after World War I. Facing financial hardship at home, Johanna decided to try her luck in America, moving continents to marry a neighbor's son living in the States. The below diary excerpts*, which her grandson kindly said I could share, reflect Johanna's thoughts, experiences and feelings as she travels by steamship from Germany to New York. Take away Ellis Island, the old German handwriting, and her appreciation of butter instead of margarine, and it easily could have been written by a 20-something woman today...

My First Sea Voyage On the Hansa! 12-7-21
The passengers were supposed to board at 12:30 in the afternoon on December 7, 1921. However, it was 2:00 before all the people had taken their spots on the small boats that were meant to bring us to the steamship. The band stood on the Hansa and played; - what, I can't say, because I didn't know the tune. The sailors were very kind and many women, like myself, were taken by the arm by two sailors and helped over the steps. But I think it was just the women who were traveling alone that they helped. Once on board, each person looked for their cabin and was assisted by the sailors, who stood by ready to help.

At 4:00, the trumpet blew for coffee. Everyone went to the large, elegantly furnished dining room, where there was very good coffee and cake. At 5:00, the table cards were distributed and we, both of my cabinmates (who are very nice young northern German girls) and I got a very nice table, where many young people had also been sat. At 7:00, the trumpet blew for dinner. There was pork, potatoes and rice; afterwards butter bread - not margarine, but very good butter - sausage and dip. After dinner, people went to the women's room or the smoking room, or to the deck. I chose to go to the deck to get some fresh air before bed. After I strolled a while by myself, a man, an editor of a paper in Philadelphia who I had already met on the small boat, joined me. After we talked about various neutral topics, our conversation turned to the present time. I informed him about the misery of the German people, both collectively and individually, and asked him what was the cause of this misery? I received as an answer: "The Frenchman is the most at fault, he wants to completely destroy the Germans; but the time of reckoning will come for him too; because the leaves of time turn like night and day, then woe to him!" With these words, he spoke to my very soul, and the souls of many a German. We left each other at 9:00, wished each other "Good night" and went to our cabins.

December 8, 1921 At 7:30 there was breakfast, soft rolls, butter, marmalade, coffee. We, the residents of cabin 122, came to the table quite late and were therefore good-naturedly teased by the men, who were already finished. At 9:00 in the morning the steamship took to the sea. The ship band played again as the ship departed, which created a very nostalgic atmosphere. Those who remained behind were waving their white cloths, which, fluttering up and down, sent us final farewells from our homeland. Many tears were flowing; even from those who had wanted to stay strong. At 12:00 there was lunch. It was: broth, roast pork, dip, fat peas, sauerkraut, apple compote, ice cream, fruit, coffee, cake, bread, butter. A lunch that couldn't have been better at a wedding. For dinner there was once again roast, potatoes, dip, bread, butter, cheese, tea. (Coffee wasn't served separately; it came right after lunch). After dinner, there was a wonderful concert from 8:30-10. (The ship hasn't moved since noon today; as it is very difficult to get out of the harbor with the heavy fog and ice.) At the concert, "Deutschland, Deuschland über alles" was played. Everyone sang along, quietly at first, tentatively, then louder and louder until several hundred voices rose up: "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles!"[3]

I am constantly being followed by a small man in a gray travel suit. Wherever I go, it doesn't take long until he is there as well; always somewhere nearby. I didn't pay attention to it yesterday, today I didn't attach much importance to it either. But this evening he is being so obvious that I am scared to do anything. I will act like I don't notice anything and stay out of his way as best as I can. Help me, good Lord!

12-10-21 Yesterday I couldn't write. I stayed on the deck until noon. We sailed along the Elbe towards the North Sea. You could still see land on both sides, and several cities whose towers offered us the last compliments of home. Then came Cuxhaven; we left it behind and sailed farther and farther until you could only see the sky and the water. On the deck I met up again with a nice young person who I had met in the women's room on 12-8. He introduced himself as "Weber" and told me that he had already been in San Francisco for 8 years, had come back firmly set on settling down for the rest of his life in Germany, but now was going back to San Francisco because life in Germany was too difficult. He also told me that he had had 5 new suits made in Germany, one of which cost 14 dollars. Very elegant suits, of course. In America he would have to pay up to 80 dollars per suit. Poor Fatherland, how everyone is leaving you. Your children must work 5-6 weeks in order to earn enough money to buy themselves a suit. Then, if they haven't saved anything, they naturally cannot eat or drink or spend money on anything else. I stayed on the deck until 12:00, until the trumpet was blown for lunch, went to the dining hall and was excited to see that it was swaying. I ate the fish; then I suddenly felt so sick, I put the fish down, took some potatoes and started to eat them. But after the second bite I put the knife and fork down and ate a piece of dry rye bread. Then I got up and staggered up the stairs to my cabin, quickly grabbed a hat and coat and went to the deck, still eating rye bread. I staggered and if Mr. Weber wouldn't have held on to me so tightly, I would have fallen down. He carried me to the cabin, where I immediately lay down in bed and fell asleep for a short while.

The small man in the gray suit said something to me yesterday in passing; but I don't know what he said because I passed by him quickly. As soon as I was on the deck, he was there as well and watched as Mr. Weber brought me below. This morning, when I was with Mr. Weber, he found me on the deck and no longer had the smile on his lips that he always looks at me with, the smile that I am so afraid of.

The evening of the 13th. Now is the first time I can write again; as I was sick the last few days and was always in bed. I wanted to write so diligently; but when you are seasick, you just can't. You feel so miserable and don't feel like doing anything at all. Today the sea is moving quite a lot; but I've gotten used to the rocking and can tolerate it. There is always a concert on the deck in the afternoon. Today was the first time I could attend it. I have the impression that the people on the ship are not as ungodly as usual. On Sunday morning we were awoken with the trumpet playing a Lutheran church song. On one of the first days, when I asked an old man who had travelled frequently if we would have good weather, he answered me, "It completely depends on if we have many people who pray on the ship; because when I came over in August, we had two Catholic priests on board and therefore good, calm weather." "You think it depends on that?" "Of course."

12-14-21 Today I don't have anything important to write. I met a lot of people, including a rich Hungarian who is traveling to his brothers. He says they are millionaires in New York. He was a postmaster in Hungary and told me his life story. He is very serious, loves nature, believes and trusts in God alone, and loves his mother (who was taken from him 2 years ago) more than anything. With so many men here, one who is not like the majority of the others. We sat together for the entire afternoon and had a great conversation until the trumpet, signaling dinner, separated us.

I don't think I need to be scared of the small man in the gray suit any longer. He has found other women. But when he does see me somewhere, he conspicuously skulks in our direction like a cat sniffing around its porridge.[5] To smile at me! In the evening I attended the concert again, which was again very nice.

12-15-21 The sea was once again very rocky and I had to hurry at breakfast (during which I only ate rye bread) to get up to the deck. When I am on deck, I read or watch the waves play. When friendly people come up to me to talk, then I talk to them willingly. Boredom is, after all, something that stimulates the mind. So this afternoon I looked for the Hungarian and spent time in his company until the evening. Several high-spirited people danced at the afternoon concert, including the small man in gray: It was amusing how he always danced with his partner exactly where I was sitting. Even though the promenade is long and I wasn't sitting where the dancing was taking place, he was always exactly in front of me. If that's fun for him, he can do what he wants.

12-18 Today is once again beautiful weather and we will soon see land. On the ship, everyone pays attention to the littlest thing. If one of the passengers sees some little possibility on the horizon, then everyone takes his binoculars to look at the specific spot and gives his opinion of what it could be. This is how it was, for example, at the concert today during which a violin solo was interrupted with, "Light!" Everyone sprinted on deck and left the concert. But unfortunately it was only a ship.

12-19-21 This morning we were woken up at 5:30 and everyone hurried as quickly as possible to the deck. We were at our destination, New York. Surrounded by ships from all the nations. The lights were still burning on the ships and the sun was rising in the sky, land on both sides. All of this made a big impression on me. I am in America, far away from my homeland and think that it can't be possible! The weather is unusually magnificent. The sun is shining and it is therefore warm for once, also because of the fact that there is no wind. Unfortunately we won't reach land today because Ellis Island, where we will disembark, is not yet free of passengers from the ships that arrived before us. But we just have to deal with it, it can't be avoided.
*Some diary entries and sentences within entries have been removed for the purpose of this blog. [3] German national anthem. [5] This is technically an idiom here: "wie die Katze um den heißen Brei schleichen", which means "to beat around the bush". In this context, however, I would guess she means it literally.
Image Credit:
http://www.ddghansa-shipsphotos.de/ockenfels300.htm

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Johanna's 1921 Diary: Journey to America - Katherine Schober, SK Translations

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Share0I recently had the opportunity to translate a young woman's diary. Year, 1921, name, Johanna, age, 27. As many other Germans, Johanna and her family had become very poor in the years after World War I. Facing financial hardship at home, Johanna decided to try her luck in America, moving continents to marry a neighbor's son living in the States.

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German Workers' Party is a social organization made of all people who are doing physical or mental work. Skilled workers are to be considered as middle class while others are to be considered underclass. This allowed people to come in and participate while still living their life. If these Germans were to join the German Workers' Party they could fight along and against people who make higher wages without doing any mental or physical work. This is a pull factor because it allowed more people to urbanize to that certain area without regretting their past lives and leaving their past jobs.

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On January 5th 1919, the nationalist newspaper Auf gut Deutsch published this document, the guidelines of the Deutsche Arbeiterpartie (DAP) or German Workers' Party. It was written by Anton Drexler:

" What is the German Workers' Party?

"The DAP is a socialist organisation composed of all folk comrades engaged in mental or physical work. It may only be guided by German leaders who put aside selfish goals and allow national needs to be the highest concern of the program."
What does the German Workers' Party offer the worker?
"The DAP seeks the ennoblement of the German worker. Skilled resident workers have the right to be considered members of the middle class. A sharp distinction between workers and proletarians should be made. An international agreement with the trade unions of other countries must stabilise wages, making it impossible for the working-class of a particular country to engage in sharp bargaining.

In the future, the competitive position of an individual country shall be determined not by the lowest wages but by the diligence and efficiency of its workers. In this way, the causes of friction among the various countries will be avoided. Big business provides food and employment and is, therefore, to be protected, as long as it does not relentlessly exploit the worker, making it impossible for him to lead a worthwhile life.

The DAP believes that the socialization of German economic life signals the collapse of the German economy. By controlling socialized businesses our enemies would be in the best possible position to collect efficiently the war indemnities which have been imposed on us and to do so at the expense of the workers. Therefore, the German worker should have not socialisation but profit-sharing. Profit-sharing can be made possible by founding work cooperatives in the cities, and in the country, farm cooperatives among the agricultural workers, to protect land and soil."
Who is the DAP fighting against?
"The DAP is fighting with all its strength against usury and the forcing up of prices. Against all those who create no values, who make high profits without any mental or physical work.

We fight against the drones in the state; these are mostly Jews. They live a good life, they reap where they have not sown. They control and rule us with their money. For these drones, Germany and her entire people were just objects of speculation...

The DAP honours the principle: he who will not work shall not eat. We fight for justice, true freedom, and happiness. No dictatorship of the proletariat! Equal justice for all. No rule of bayonets. Everyone shall feel himself to be a free German. There is no happiness in phrases and empty speeches at meetings, demonstrations, and elections. Our striving is toward the free happiness of good work, the full pot, and prospering children."
To what extent is the DAP politically active?
"The DAP opposes any threat to the unity of the Reich but excludes the predominance of one single state. We want to be governed only by Germans; foreigners and Jews govern us only in their own interest or in the interest of a foreign country. With the people and with the government they make deals, not politics...

The party advocates an international law for the press of all countries. By punishing the international reporting of false news, this law will prevent the kind of incitement of peoples to aggression which occurred during the World War. The highest principles of justice and truth must again be made valid in today's world."
How does the DAP think the costs of the war can be paid?
"Our guiding star is this: war is a disaster for a country and disaster means suffering. For this reason, no one had any right to gather riches at home while our soldiers fought abroad. Regardless of earnings before the war, we consider 10,000 marks to be the highest permissible annual earnings during the war; the rest is to be delivered to the central government, which will use it to pay war costs. Furthermore, property owners must be called upon to help cover the war costs, and any estates which are little encumbered are to be forced to take up compulsory mortgages."

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On January 5th 1919, the nationalist newspaper Auf gut Deutsch published this document, the guidelines of the Deutsche Arbeiterpartie (DAP) or German Workers' Party. It was written by Anton Drexler: " What is the German Workers' Party? "The DAP is a socialist organisation composed of all folk comrades engaged in mental or physical work.