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a framework, typically consisting of rafters, posts, and struts, supporting a roof, bridge, or other structure.

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specification often refers to a set of documented requirements to be satisfied by a material, design, product, or service. A specification is often a type of technical standard. There are different types of technical or engineering specifications, and the term is used differently in different technical contexts.

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A site plan is a readable map or a residential diagram depicting the plot of land on which the house sits, along with landscape topography and any exterior features or structures such as a detached garage, in-ground swimming pool, large trees, fencing, utility poles and po

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A sill plate or sole plate in construction andarchitecture is the bottom horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached.

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reference to architectural drawing, the term sectiontypically describes a cut through the body of a building, perpendicular to the horizon line. A section drawing is one that shows a vertical cut transecting, typically along a primary axis, an object or building.

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A schedule is an organized arrangement of notes or information usually lettered within a ruled enclosure, conveniently placed, and coordinated with other drawings. Schedules are continuations of the floor plan.

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The term riser is used in the construction industry for any type of pipe, culvert, shaft, etc. that rises up in a vertical direction. A riser can be a waterline, sanitary line, air shaft, ventilation piping or shaft, catch basin vertical section, manhole vertical section, etc.

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A high-rise building is a tall building, as opposed to a low-rise building and is defined by its height differently in various jurisdictions. It is used as a residential, office building, or other functions including hotel, retail, or with multiple purposes combined.

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A plot plan is an architecture, engineering, and/or landscape architecture plan drawing—diagram which shows the buildings, utility runs, and equipment layout, the position of roads, and other constructions of an existing or proposed project site at a defined scale.Plot plans are also known more commonly as siteplans.

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Platform framing (also known as western framing) is the most common framing method for residential construction where each floor of a pole barn or conventional building is framed independently by nailing the horizontal framing member to the top of the wall studs

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design and planning for a building, and can containarchitectural drawings, specifications of the design, calculations, time planning of the building process, and other documentation.

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a rounded edge of a step or molding.

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An architectural model is a type of scale model - a physical representation of a structure - built to study aspects of an architectural design or to communicate design ideas. Depending on the purpose, models can be made from a variety of materials, including blocks, paper, and wood, and at a variety of scales.

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walk in a specified way.

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Joist, ceiling or floor support in building construction.Joists—of timber, steel, or reinforced concrete—are laid in a parallel series across or abutting girders or a bearing wall, to which they are attached, usually by metal supports called joist hangers, or anchors.

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The header spans an opening for a window or door or it is a cut-out in the roof or floor for a skylight, chimney, or staircase. Typically at least twice the size of surrounding framing members, a header is often built up from two studs, joists, or rafters.

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A foundation plan is a plane view of a structure. That is, it looks as if it were projected onto a horizontal plane and passed through the structure. In the case of the foundation plan, the plane is slightly below the level of the top of the foundation wall

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n architecture and building engineering, a floor plan is a drawing to scale, showing a view from above, of the relationships between rooms, spaces, traffic patterns, and other physical features at one level of a structure. Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall lengths

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Geometrically, an elevation is a horizontal orthographic projection a building on to a vertical plane, the vertical plane normally being parallel to one side of the building. Architects also use the word elevation as a synonym for façade, so the "north elevation" is the north-facing wall of the building.

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An architectural Detail is a small piece of the whole, yet it has the power to characterize and define the entire building. Details tell us what a building is; they are fundamental to the life and personality of a space.

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a line on a map joining points of equal height above or below sea level.

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A building permit is an official approval issued by the local government agency that allows you or your contractor to proceed with a construction or remodeling project on your property.

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Building information modeling is a process supported by various tools, technologies and contracts involving the generation and management of digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of places

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www.curbed.com

Building codes are sets of regulations governing the design, construction, alteration and maintenance of structures.

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Balloon framing is a style of wood-house building that uses long, vertical 2" x 4"s for the exterior walls. These long "studs" extend uninterrupted, from the sill on top of the foundation, all the way up to the roof.

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An architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building that falls within the definition of architecture.

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An architect's scale is a specialized ruler designed to facilitate the drafting and measuring of architecturaldrawings, such as floor plans and orthographic projections. In scientific and engineering terminology, a device to measure linear distance and create proportional linear measurements is called a scale.

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Adaptive reuse refers to the process of reusing an existing building for a purpose other than which it was originally built or designed for.

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the part of a roof that meets or overhangs the walls of a building.

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a large window consisting of a central arched section flanked by two narrow rectangular sections

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A dormer is a roofed structure, often containing a window, that projects vertically beyond the plane of a pitched roof. A dormer window is a form of roof window. Dormers are commonly used to increase the usable space in a loft and to create window openings in a roof plane.

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Wien, Austria
built from 1304 to 1450,

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Wenceslaus and Adalbert is a Roman Catholic metropolitan cathedral in Prague, the seat of the Archbishop of Prague
builtbetween 1873 and 1929

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Location‎: ‎Winchester‎, Hampshire

1079

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Utrecht, Netherlands
1254

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Exeter, Devon, in South West England.
1050

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Wells, Somerset, England
1175

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Köln, Germany
Construction started: August 15, 1248

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Chartres, France
Construction started: 1194

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Amiens, France
builders being united by strong links (Robert de Luzarches (1220-1223), then his assistant, Thomas de Cormont (1223-1228), then his son, Renaud (1228-1288)).

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Bourges, France
Construction started: 1195

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Salisbury SP1 2EJ, United Kingdom
Construction started: 1220

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Laon, France
built from 1160 until 1350.

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Construction started: 1163
Paris, France

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A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall.

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Composite order, an order of Classical architecture, developed in Rome, that combines characteristics of both the Ionic orderand the Corinthian order

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Architecture. A classical order similar to Roman Doric but having columns with an unfluted shaft and a simplified base, capital, and entablature. Tuscan order.

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The Corinthian order is the last developed of the three principal classical orders of ancient Greek and Roman architecture. The other two are the Doric order which was the earliest, followed by the Ionic order.

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The Ionic order forms one of the three classical orders of classical architecture, the other two canonic orders being the Doric and the Corinthian

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The Doric order was one of the three orders of ancient Greek and later Roman architecture; the other two canonical orders were the Ionic and the Corinthian. The Doric is most easily recognized by the simple circular capitals at the top of columns

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Thermae usually refers to the large imperial bath complexes, while balneae were smaller-scale facilities, public or private, that existed in great numbers throughout Rome. ... The water would be heated by a log fire before being channelled into the hot bathing rooms.

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In Roman architecture, an insula (Latin for "island", plural insulae) was one of two things: either a kind of apartment building, or a city block. This article deals with the former definition, that of a type of building.

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An altar is a structure upon which offerings such as sacrifices are made for religious purposes. Altars are found at shrines, temples, churches and other places of worship.

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A fountain is an architectural feature which involves water and is often used as part of landscaping. Afountain can either pour water into a basin to create a 'waterfall effect' or spray water into the air to create a 'jet effect'. ... Modern fountains rely on a closed recirculating system to recycle water

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The Roman villa was a type of domestic building, often luxurious, and found in the countryside and at the seashore, although also in the periphery of urban centers. v.

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an oblong building ending in a semicircular apse used in ancient Rome especially for a court of justice and place of public assembly.

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Thermae, complex of rooms designed for public bathing, relaxation, and social activity that was developed to a high degree of sophistication by the ancientRomans.

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A triumphal arch is a monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways, often designed to span a road.

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The Colosseum is a massive and architecturally complex structure. Prior to the construction of theColosseum, amphitheatres were temporary structures built out of wood as needed. ... The exterior facade of the Colosseum consists of four levels, with the bottom three levels composed of 80 arches each.

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An outdoor theater with a semi-circular, fan-shaped, or elongated auditorium facing a grass, masonry, or wooden stage. The historic amphitheater took its name from the Greek amphi, referring to the seating “around” or “on both sides” of a performance space.

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an artificial channel for conveying water, typically in the form of a bridge across a valley or other gap.

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Entablature, in architecture, assemblage of horizontal moldings and bands supported by and located immediately above the columns of Classical buildings or similar structural supports in non-Classical buildings. Entablature

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A volute is a spiral, scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order, found in the capital of the Ionic column. It was later incorporated into Corinthian order and Composite column capitals.

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Architrave. In classical architecture, the architrave is the lowest section of the horizontal entablature. It acts as a lintel or beam that rests on the capitals of the vertical columns. It is generally topped with a frieze and cornice

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Triglyph is an architectural term for the vertically channeled tablets of the Doric frieze in classical architecture, so called because of the angular channels in them. The rectangular recessed spaces between the triglyphs on a Doric frieze are called metopes.

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In classical architecture, a metope (μετόπη) is a rectangulararchitectural element that fills the space between two triglyphs in a Doric frieze, which is a decorative band of alternating triglyphs and metopes above the architrave of a building of the Doric order

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Cornice, in architecture, the decorated projection at the top of a wall provided to protect the wall face or to ornament and finish the eaves. The term is used as well for any projecting element that crowns anarchitectural feature, such as a doorway

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The Greeks built most of their temples and government buildings in three types of styles :Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. These styles (also called "orders") were reflected in the type of columns they used. Most all of the columns had grooves down the sides called fluting.

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parts of column. In order. The shaft, which rests upon the base, is a long, narrow, vertical cylinder that in some orders is articulated with fluting (vertical grooves). The shaft may also taper inward slightly so that it is wider at the bottom than at the top.

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A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member.

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In architecture the capital (from the Latin caput, or "head") or chapiter forms the topmost member of a column (or a pilaster). It mediates between the column and the load thrusting down upon it, broadening the area of the column's supporting surface.

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In architecture, the frieze /friːz/ is the wide central section part of an entablature and may be plain in the Ionic or Doric order, or decorated with bas-reliefs. Paterae are also usually used to decorate friezes.

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A pediment is an architectural element found particularly in classical, neoclassical and baroquearchitecture, and its derivatives, consisting of a gable, usually of a triangular shape, placed above the horizontal structure of the entablature, typically supported by columns.