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Functional Skills qualifications qualifications and training courses | City & Guilds

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Functional Skills qualifications qualifications and training courses | City & Guilds

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tutor2u is a leading support service for A-Level, GCSE, and Vocational students and teachers preparing for assessments, mocks and final exams.

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Businessballs free online learning for careers, work, management, business training and education: find materials, articles, ideas, people and providers for teaching, career training, self-help, ethical business education and leadership; for personal, career and organizational development. A fun free online college of ethical life and work education, for self help, teaching, career development, distance learning, organizational development, with team building games and exercises, free self-help and training ideas, free management theories, free diagrams, templates, samples, examples, materials and tools, free child development activities and adults development exercises ideas

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Businessballs free online learning for careers, work, management, business training and education: find materials, articles, ideas, people and providers for teaching, career training, self-help, ethical business education and leadership; for personal, career and organizational development. A fun free online college of ethical life and work education, for self help, teaching, career development, distance learning, organizational development, with team building games and exercises, free self-help and training ideas, free management theories, free diagrams, templates, samples, examples, materials and tools, free child development activities and adults development exercises ideas

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Leadership and Management Training - BusinessBalls.com

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BusinessBalls is the free and ethical home of all things leadership, management, and personal effectiveness. All of our resources are developed by experts and designed to make you more effective as a person. We also have over 10,000 quiz questions, and interactive quizzes. Please visit theQuiz homepage.

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how to use harvard referencing system on word - YouTube

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how to use harvard referencing system on word - YouTube

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how to use harvard referencing system on word

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in this short video i will show you how to use harvard referencing system on word. In this video I give a short example to demonstrate, hope you find this helpful!!

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How to Write a Job Application Letter (with Samples)

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How to Write a Job Application Letter (with Samples)

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10 Tips for More Effective PowerPoint Presentations

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10 Tips for More Effective PowerPoint Presentations

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"Oh no! Not another boring PowerPoint presentation! My eyes, my eyes...!!!"

How much does it suck to be in the audience for yet another drawn-out, boring, lifeless slideshow? Worse yet, how much does it such to be the one giving it?

The truth is, bad PowerPoint happens to good people, and quite often the person giving the presentation is just as much a victim as the poor sods listening to her or him.

Here are ten tips to help you add a little zing! to your next presentation. They are, of course, far from comprehensive, but they're a start. Feel free to share your own tips in the comments.

1. Write a script.

A little planning goes a long way. Most presentations are written in PowerPoint (or some other presentation package) without any sort of rhyme or reason.

That's bass-ackwards. Since the point of your slides is to illustrate and expand what you are going to say to your audience. You should know what you intend to say and then figure out how to visualize it. Unless you are an expert at improvising, make sure you write out or at least outline your presentation before trying to put together slides.

And make sure your script follows good storytelling conventions: give it a beginning, middle, and end; have a clear arc that builds towards some sort of climax; make your audience appreciate each slide but be anxious to find out what's next; and when possible, always leave 'em wanting more.

2. One thing at a time, please.

At any given moment, what should be on the screen is the thing you're talking about. Our audience will almost instantly read every slide as soon as it's displayed; if you have the next four points you plan to make up there, they'll be three steps ahead of you, waiting for you to catch up rather than listening with interest to the point you're making.

Plan your presentation so just one new point is displayed at any given moment. Bullet points can be revealed one at a time as you reach them. Charts can be put on the next slide to be referenced when you get to the data the chart displays. Your job as presenter is to control the flow of information so that you and your audience stay in sync.

3. No paragraphs.

Where most presentations fail is that their authors, convinced they are producing some kind of stand-alone document, put everything they want to say onto their slides, in great big chunky blocks of text.

Congratulations. You've just killed a roomful of people. Cause of death: terminal boredom poisoning.

Your slides are the illustrations for your presentation, not the presentation itself. They should underline and reinforce what you're saying as you give your presentation - save the paragraphs of text for your script. PowerPoint and other presentation software have functions to display notes onto the presenter's screen that do not get sent to the projector, or you can use notecards, a separate word processor document, or your memory. Just don't put it on the screen - and for goodness' sake, if you do for some reason put it on the screen, don't stand with your back to your audience and read it from the screen!

4. Pay attention to design.

PowerPoint and other presentation packages offer all sorts of ways to add visual "flash" to your slides: fades, swipes, flashing text, and other annoyances are all too easy to insert with a few mouse clicks.

Avoid the temptation to dress up your pages with cheesy effects and focus instead on simple design basics:

Use a sans serif font for body text. Sans serifs like Arial, Helvetica, or Calibri tend to be the easiest to read on screens.

Use decorative fonts only for slide headers, and then only if they're easy to read. Decorative fonts -calligraphy, German blackface, futuristic, psychotic handwriting, flowers, art nouveau, etc. - are hard to read and should be reserved only for large headlines at the top of the page. Better yet, stick to a classy serif font like Georgia or Baskerville.

Put dark text on a light background. Again, this is easiest to read. If you must use a dark background - for instance, if your company uses a standard template with a dark background - make sure your text is quite light (white, cream, light grey, or pastels) and maybe bump the font size up two or three notches.

Align text left or right. Centered text is harder to read and looks amateurish. Line up all your text to a right-hand or left-hand baseline - it will look better and be easier to follow.

Avoid clutter. A headline, a few bullet points, maybe an image - anything more than that and you risk losing your audience as they sort it all out.

5. Use images sparingly

There are two schools of thought about images in presentations. Some say they add visual interest and keep audiences engaged; others say images are an unnecessary distraction.

Both arguments have some merit, so in this case the best option is to split the difference: use images only when they add important information or make an abstract point more concrete.

While we're on the subject, absolutely do not use PowerPoint's built-in clipart. Anything from Office 2003 and earlier has been seen by everyone in your audience a thousand times - they've become tired, used-up clichés, and I hopefully don't need to tell you to avoid tired, used-up clichés in your presentations. Office 2007 and non-Office programs have some clipart that isn't so familiar (though it will be, and soon) but by now, the entire concept of clipart has about run its course - it just doesn't feel fresh and new anymore.

6. Think outside the screen.

Remember, the slides on the screen are only part of the presentation - and not the main part. Even though you're liable to be presenting in a darkened room, give some thought to your own presentation manner - how you hold yourself, what you wear, how you move around the room. You are the focus when you're presenting, no matter how interesting your slides are.

7. Have a hook.

Like the best writing, the best presentation shook their audiences early and then reel them in. Open with something surprising or intriguing, something that will get your audience to sit up and take notice. The most powerful hooks are often those that appeal directly to your audience's emotions - offer them something awesome or, if it's appropriate, scare the pants off of them. The rest of your presentation, then, will be effectively your promise to make the awesome thing happen, or the scary thing not happen.

8. Ask questions.

Questions arouse interest, pique curiosity, and engage audiences. So ask a lot of them. Build tension by posing a question and letting your audience stew a moment before moving to the next slide with the answer. Quiz their knowledge and then show them how little they know. If appropriate, engage in a little question-and-answer with your audience, with you asking the questions.

9. Modulate, modulate, modulate.

Especially when you've done a presentation before, it can be easy to fall into a drone, going on and on and on and on and on with only minimal changes to your inflection. Always speak as if you were speaking to a friend, not as if you are reading off of index cards (even if you are). If keeping up a lively and personable tone of voice is difficult for you when presenting, do a couple of practice run-throughs. If you still can't get it right and presentations are a big part of your job, take a public speaking course or join Toastmasters.

10. Break the rules.

As with everything else, there are times when each of these rules - or any other rule you know - won't apply. If you know there's a good reason to break a rule, go ahead and do it. Rule breaking is perfectly acceptable behavior - it's ignoring the rules or breaking them because you just don't know any better that leads to shoddy boring presentations that lead to boredom, depression, psychopathic breaks, and eventually death. And you don't want that, do you?

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10 Tips for More Effective PowerPoint Presentations

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"Oh no! Not another boring PowerPoint presentation! My eyes, my eyes...!!!" How much does it suck to be in the audience for yet another drawn-out, boring, lifeless slideshow? Worse yet, how much does it such to be the one giving it?

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Tips for creating and delivering an effective presentation - PowerPoint

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Tips for creating and delivering an effective presentation - PowerPoint

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In this article

Tips for creating an effective presentation

Tips for delivering an effective presentation

Tips for creating an effective presentation

Choose a font style that your audience can read from a distance.

Choosing the right font style, such as Helvetica or Arial, helps to get your message across. Avoid narrow fonts, such as Arial Narrow, and avoid fonts that include fancy edges, such as Times.

To learn more about how you can use pre-designed theme fonts in your presentation, see All about themes, Quick Styles, cell styles, and background styles.

Choose a font size that your audience can read from a distance.

Choosing the right font size helps to get your message across.

Note: The following measurements indicate the size of a font on your computer screen, not projected on a screen for your audience in full screen mode. To enable full screen mode, on the View tab, in the Presentation Views group, click Slide Show.

A one-inch letter is readable from 10 feet.

A two-inch letter is readable from 20 feet.

A three-inch letter is readable from 30 feet.

To learn more about how you can use pre-designed theme fonts in your presentation, see All about themes, Quick Styles, cell styles, and background styles.

Keep your text simple by using bullet points or short sentences.

Use bullets or short sentences, and try to keep each to one line; that is, without text wrapping.

You want your audience to listen to you present your information, rather than read the screen.

Some projectors crop slides at the edges, so long sentences may be cropped.

You can remove articles such as "a" and "the" to help reduce the word count on a line.

Make slide backgrounds subtle and keep them consistent.

Choose an appealing, consistent template or theme that is not too eye-catching. You don't want the background or design to detract from your message.

See Combining colors in PowerPoint - Mistakes to avoid.

For information about using themes, see Add color and design to my slides with themes.

Use high contrast between background color and text color.

Themes automatically set the contrast between a light background with dark colored text or dark background with light colored text.

To learn more about how you can use themes to automatically set a visually satisfying contrast level, see All about themes, Quick Styles, cell styles, and background styles.

Tips for delivering an effective presentation

Don't assume that your presentation will work fine on another computer.

Disk failures, software version mismatches, lack of disk space, low memory, and many other factors can ruin a presentation.

If the computer that you plan to give your presentation on doesn't belong to you, make sure that it has adequate disk space so that you don't have to present from a CD.

Turn off screen savers, and ensure you have the appropriate files and versions of software that you need, including PowerPoint.

To ensure all files are accounted for when you copy them to a CD or network drive and carry them to your presentation location, see Package a presentation for CD.

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Tips for creating and delivering an effective presentation

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Tips for creating an effective presentation Tips for delivering an effective presentation Choose a font style that your audience can read from a distance. Choosing the right font style, such as Helvetica or Arial, helps to get your message across. Avoid narrow fonts, such as Arial Narrow, and avoid fonts that include fancy edges, such as Times.

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Planning an effective presentation — University of Leicester

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Planning an effective presentation — University of Leicester

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For a printer-friendly PDF version of this guide, click here

This study guide offers you an insight into the process of planning an effective presentation. It focuses on the importance of the presenter's relationship with the audience and suggests key strategies for making an impact.

Other Useful Guides: Delivering an effective presentation, Using visual aids.

What is an effective presentation?

An effective presentation makes the best use of the relationship between the presenter and the audience. It takes full consideration of the audience's needs in order to capture their interest, develop their understanding, inspire their confidence and achieve the presenter's objectives.

Careful planning is essential.

Seven stages in planning a presentation

1. Preparation

Many factors affect the design of your presentation. A powerful presenter will acknowledge and address each of the following:

Objectives

Why you are making your presentation? Bear in mind what you want to achieve and what you want your audience to take away with them. Once you have decided upon your objectives, you are in a much better position to make strategic decisions about the design and tone of your presentation. For example, a presentation to a seminar group might require a balanced
argument, whereas a charity appeal might require a more creative approach. Ask yourself:

what do you want your audience to have understood?

what action do you want your audience to take following your presentation?

how can you best design your presentation to meet your objectives?

Audience

Your audience will have a variety of different experiences, interests and levels of knowledge. A powerful presenter will need to acknowledge these and prepare for and respond to them accordingly. Ask yourself:

how much will your audience already know about your topic?

how can you link new material to things they might already understand?

will you need to win them over to a particular point of view?

You may not be able to answer these questions for each member of your audience but you should have enough information to ensure that you have targeted your material at the right level for their needs. This might involve avoiding technical jargon or explaining abstract concepts with clear practical examples. If you fail to consider your audience's needs, you will fail to appeal to their interest and imagination.

Venue

Where will you be making your presentation? What will the room be like? What
atmosphere will the physical conditions create? A large lecture theatre might create a formal atmosphere. Similarly, a seminar room might create a less formal tone. Ask yourself:

what kind of atmosphere do you wish to create?

how might the room arrangement affect your relationship with the audience?

can you do anything to change the arrangement of the room to suit your
objectives?

what audio-visual aids can you use?

Remit

You may well have been given a remit for your presentation; you will need to stick to this. For example, you may have been asked to present a paper at a conference in a certain style or meet certain assessment criteria on your course. Ask yourself:

how much time have you been allocated?

are you required to stick to a common format or style?

have any guidelines been set regarding the content of your presentation (i.e. a predetermined title, or a fixed number of overhead transparencies)?

2. Choosing your main points

Once you have thought about the design of your presentation, you can define your main points. Try presenting no more than three main points in a ten minute presentation. Always allow time for an adequate introduction and conclusion. It is difficult for an audience to follow a more complex argument without significant help from the presenter. A powerful presentation delivers information in a logical, structured manner, building on the previous point and avoiding large jumps in sequence. Ask yourself:

what are the main points you wish to make?

are these points structured in a logical, coherent way?

do these main points reflect your own objectives and take account of the needs of your audience?

3. Choosing your supporting information

The supporting information helps your audience understand, believe in and agree with your main points. This evidence might take the form of factual data, points of detail or an explanation of process. It might be presented in imaginative ways using diagrams, pictures or video segments. Think about:

what will add clarity to your argument (explaining complex terms, reminding your audience of any supporting theories)?

what will add authority to your argument (making connections with other
people's work, quoting experts, offering evidence from your own research)?

what will add colour to your argument (showing a video clip or a slide, using a
practical example or a vibrant analogy)?

4. Establishing linking statements

The next stage is to develop the linear flow of your presentation. This can be achieved by using linking statements to show clearly how your main points fit together. Common linking statements include:

"The next stage in our project was to ...";

"Another important issue of consideration was ...";

"By following this argument we can now see that ...".

Linking statements send signals to your audience, highlighting the next point in your argument, linking to earlier ideas or clarifying the stage you have reached in your argument overall. This may be of particular importance in a lengthy presentation where even the most effective presenter has to work hard to keep an audience involved.

5. Developing an opening

The introduction to your presentation is crucial. It is your first point of contact with your audience; you can either capture or lose your audience's interest in a matter of seconds. Use your introduction to lay a clear foundation for the presentation to follow. Try using the following structure:

introduce yourself;

state what you will be talking about (a title or subject area);

state how you will be talking about it (e.g. by comparing test results or reviewing the supporting literature);

state what you intend to be the outcome of your presentation (an informed
group, a lively discussion);

state what you expect your audience to do (listen, take notes, read a handout, ask questions before/during/after).

Always give your audience a moment to absorb this information before moving into your first main point.

6. Developing a conclusion

Your conclusion is another important stage in your presentation. You can use it to remind your audience of your main points, draw these points to a stimulating conclusion and leave your audience with a lasting impression of the quality of your presentation. The following structure provides a powerful conclusion:

a review of your title or subject area
"In this presentation I wanted to explore the relationship between X and Y.";

a summary of your main points
"We have discussed the following points...";

a summary of the process you have been through
"By looking at X we have found that Y ...";

a conclusion clearly drawn from your main points (this must be supported by the detail of your presentation)
"It is clear that there can be no substantive relationship between X and Y";

a parting statement to stimulate your audience's thoughts (this might be a
question or a bold comment).

7. Reviewing your presentation

Once you have written your presentation make sure that you review its content. Ask yourself:

does the presentation meet your objectives?

is it logically structured?

have you targeted the material at the right level for your audience?

is the presentation too long or too short?

Where next?

The next study guide in this series, Delivering an effective presentation explores the process of speaking in public and discusses the need for lively interaction between the presenter and the audience.

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For a printer-friendly PDF version of this guide, click here This study guide offers you an insight into the process of planning an effective presentation. It focuses on the importance of the presenter's relationship with the audience and suggests key strategies for making an impact. Other Useful Guides: Delivering an effective presentation, Using visual aids.

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FYE 2016 Tutorial - Harvard Referencing - YouTube

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FYE 2016 Tutorial - Harvard Referencing - YouTube

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In this FYE Tutorial we learn about the Harvard Referencing system which is used at CPUT, and how to apply it properly!