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Nelson Mandela was born on July 18th, 1918. His original name is Rolihlahla Mandela. He grew up in the village of Qunu in South Africa. His parents sent him to a Methodist school to get an education when he was 7. His teacher had given him the name 'Nelson' when he was 9. When his father died, Nelson was entrusted to the Chief, who was apart of the Dalindyebo family. He was treated as if he was their own child. His interest in African history began to grow when he attended a missionary near the palace. When he turned 16, he went to Tyhalarha to do the ritual that transition him from boy to man. He got his secondary education when he enrolled at the Methodist college in Fort Beaufort in 1937. He then attended the University of Fort Hare to get his degree but because of his involvement in the Student Representative Council and his boycotting against the university policies, he was told to leave.

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Nelson Mandela was born into a royal family, making his upbringing quite unique. The tribe in which he was born into was the Xhosa speaking Thembu tribe of Mvezo. When Nelson was only 9 years old he was separated from his nine sisters and four brothers being adopted into the Dalindyebo family.  Before this change Mandela's name was Rolihlahla. He was in fact the first of his family to receive a formal education. Once he attended secondary school he excelled in boxing, track, and his became a boxer, track star and academic success. Later on in his life Mandela had found out that his adoptive father had planned a marriage for him. Therefore he decided to flee and go to law school. Soon after he met his first wife who he married and produced four children with.

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Apartheid was established by the South African government as a measure to prevent the majority African population from doing things like holding government power and doing certain things in certain places, among other things. Apartheid meant "separateness" and divided the Dutch elite from the majority of the natives. This was in place just 3 years after South Africa became a country. In fact it was started  with the 1913 Land Act, which "marked the beginning of territorial segregation by forcing black Africans to live in reserves and making it illegal for them to work as sharecroppers", as the History link says. In the 20's this grew into keeping the black population apart among tribal lines to push conflict and keep them from working together in politics. They were further divided in the late 1950's when the government further divided the blacks by claiming they weren't a majority and instead were a collective group of minorities. This was the beginning of a more powerful resistance among the natives

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The apartheid was in a form the reverse of the situation that was happening in America in the 1960's. Whereas instead of the majority (which in this case was the African people) ruling and the minority getting the short end of the stick; it was the white minority that was ruling over and discriminating against the black majority. More specifically, it was the white minority completely dividing and sub dividing the blacks into communities and groups so that the whites were the majority. This backwards system of identifying groups was supported by boarders that separated communities and complete lack of control of the government on the part of the blacks. This reinforced the reign that the Dutch settlers had over the natives.

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1. He became the national president of the ANC Youth League in 1950- ANC was designed to unite Africans to defend their rights. Mandela invited and encouraged youths to join.
2. Opponent of the Apartheid - The Apartheid was the main discriminant against the black South Africans, something that Mandela was against, and suggested (like MLK) to protest peacefully.
3. He became the first black President, and that was 14 years prior to the "diverse" American Black President.
4. One of the largest problems of desegregation is the sudden shift of the racism, from going against blacks, to going against whites. Mandela strove and succeeded in preventing that shift in racism by ensuring the whites that they would still be included in society.

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Being a historically remembered figure is pretty cool in of its self, but one Mandela's largest accomplishments was his adaptability of his leadership. This is a man who was changing how he led the people. He was born with his father's stubborn/ bull-headed qualities which served him well, up until his imprisonment. After that 27 year period the world was a changed one. Now the role of leadership required a much finer touch than he was used to showing, yet he did. He gathered his people's hearts and minds and focused their energies at one project, which allowed him to succeed.

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He wanted to evoke South Africans and ask them to send in proposals for a post-apartheid era. Mandela was banned several times, and was unable to make an appearance in public though he continued to defy and make an appearance. Him and other activists were arrested on December 5th, 1956 for treason against the state. Around six years later, they were called as not guilty. Militant African Americans formed a new group called the Pan-African Congress which caused a mass arrest, including the imprisonment of Mandela. He was arrested in South Africa for illegal exit and for committing crimes during the ANC struggle in 1963 for 27 years. He was finally released from prison on February 2, 1990. He declared to bring peace to blacks and allow them to vote in elections.  As a President, Mandela worked 24/7 to smooth the transition from a minority black rule to a majority black rule. He was able to establish a new Constitution.

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Nelson Mandela was greatly involved in the anti-apartheid movement in the African National Congress. It was against South African racist policies. Mandela formed the Congress of the People in 1955. Nelson Mandela was chosen as a delegate of ANC to the Pan-African Freedom Movement for East, Central and Southern Africa meeting in February 1962. Also, he became the first black president of South Africa in 1994.

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While Adaptability was his game, Nelson Mandela had to focus on ways to unite the people he was governing. There were multiple segments during his presidential "reign" that his country was at arms with one another. One point, he used sports as a means for his people to prove strength without violence. He managed to remove the ban on South Africa from participating in the Olympics. As a result South Africa was represented in the Summer Olympics of 1992.

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https://www.nelsonmandela.org/content/page/timeline

https://www.nelsonmandela.org/content/page/biography

http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/nelson-mandela-59.php#childhood-&-early-life

http://www.history.com/topics/apartheid

https://www.biography.com/people/nelson-mandela-9397017
https://learnodo-newtonic.com/nelson-mandela-accomplishments

http://nelsonmandelacatalystforchange.weebly.com/achievements.html