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Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845 – 10 February 1923) was a German/Dutch mechanical engineer and physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays or Röntgen rays.

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Wilhelm Röntgen was a Catholic. He was married to A.B. Ludwig and adopted his wife's brother's daughter J.B. Ludwig. Röntgen died from carcinoma of the intestine.

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Rumford Medal (1896)

Matteucci Medal (1896)

Elliott Cresson Medal (1897)

Nobel Prize for Physics (1901)
In November 2004 IUPAC named element number 111 roentgenium (Rg) in his honour.

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X-rays are a form of invisible, high-frequency electromagnetic radiation.
They are very small and energetic.

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First medical X-ray by Wilhelm Röntgen of his wife Anna Bertha Ludwig's hand

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First medical X-ray by Wilhelm Röntgen of his wife Anna Bertha Ludwig's hand

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They are used in various medical applications, especially for imaging.

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In the early days, people thought x-rays passed through the body as harmlessly as normal light. It wasn’t until Thomas Edison’s assistant Clarence Dally, who had worked extensively with X-rays, died of skin cancer. People started taking the health concerns about the new technology seriously.

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More than a dozen telescopes that detect x-rays have been launched into space, which have allowed us to make discoveries far beyond our own solar system.

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X-rays have also been to study priceless artifacts—like Egyptian mummies—without damaging them.

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Today, the town in which Röntgen was born is the Deutsches Röntgen-Museum.

In Würzburg, where he discovered the X-Rays, a non-profit organization maintains his laboratory and provides guided tours to the Röntgen Memorial Site.