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Ghizo Island, Solomond Islands 2 April 2007

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Solomon Island Earthquake & Tsunami 2007

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Solomon Island Earthquake & Tsunami 2007

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In Solomon Islands near the provincial capital of Gizo on Ghizo Island an earthquake was hit with a magnitude of 8.1 with aftershocks, the largest had a magnitude of 6.2.

This resulted in a tsunami which killed 52 people and 60 were reported missing. It wiped out thirteen or more villages, completely washing away two villages Tapurai and Riquru killing 10 people. Thousands of people were left homeless.

The largest waves were reported at northern Simbo Island with a maximum tsunami run-up of 12 meters. South Choiseul had waves 10 meters high swiping away villages, gardens and a hospital and around 900 home were destroyed.

The tsunami reached Papua New Guinea and a family of five was reported missing from an island in the Milne Bay Province.

An outbreak of diarrhea from the survivors was reported from aid workers but by the 12th of April the UN reported that the outbreak and any other diseases were under control. On the 18th of April a measles outbreak was reported and an immunization program was going into the works.

Danica

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Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Hela Province 26 February 2018 

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At 3:44 am local time an earthquake hit 500 kilometers from Port Moresby, the capital of Papua New Guinea. It was a 7.5 magnitude earthquake that killed 160 people and injured 500 people.

An aftershock of 6.0 killed 11 people on the 4th of March, another of 6.7 on the 7th of March killed at least 25 more and an aftershock of 6.3 killed another 4 people on the 7th of April, a month after the earthquake hit the area.

There were more than 270 aftershocks reported by USGS in total, 68 of which were above magnitude 5, and 6 of which were above magnitude 6. Aftershocks caused panic in Jayapura as 12 buildings were damaged.

As a result concrete roads were destroyed and bridges snapped, power and communication went out, thousands of houses were destroyed and Komo’s airport runway was affected.

Danica

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in 1960 the most powerful earthquake hit chile. leaving over 2 million people homeless. all of chile shook violently for more then 10 minutes. It gave everyone in chile a diferent perspective on how they veiw the world. The earthquake was caused by a sudden breaking of rocks along the nazca plate. it killed around 2000 people and caused $550 million dollars in damage. this earthquake was extremly strong with a magnitude of 9.5. other earthquakes have caused more dammage and taken more lives but the valdiva earthquake covered the most ground. two hundred twenty thousand homes were destroyed along with 4500 schools, 56 hospitals and 53 ports. the valdiva earthquake triggered a massive tsunami that raced across the pacific. the tsunami hit new zealand, japan, and the philippines

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this 8th century tsunami happened in japan in the 13th year of the reign of emperor tenmu. it was triggered by a number of interpolate earthquakes along the suruga trough and the nankai trough. the tsunami generated from the earthquake went 10km inland and inundated land in the tosa provence.

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the potidaean earthquake of 479BC is the oldest recorded earthquake on record. measuring at 7.0 on the richter scale. it is located on the aegean sea in around greece. the aegean sea plate is defined by plate boundaries that includes the anatolian fault line which runs through turkey and slides past the eurasian plate. the effect of the casualties is that great that has no official numbers are recorded. it would have been event of biblical consequences.

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This devastating earthquake ripped through Japan's northern island in 1854. The quake clocked in at an 8.4 on the Richter scale. Many buildings were destroyed and over 10,000 lives were lost. This is the highest death toll for an earthquake

Fun fact: at the time this earthquake was blamed on a giant catfish!

To see more of the deadliest and biggest earthquakes in Japanese history, see the link above.

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Japan has a notorious earthquake history. About 1,500 earthquakes strike the island nation every year. Minor tremors occur on a nearly daily basis. Deadly quakes are a tragic part of the nation's past.

Japan has such a large potential for earthquakes and disaster because the nation sits atop four huge slabs of the Earth's crust, called tectonic plates. These plates mash and grind together and trigger deadly earthquakes, like the 9.0-magnitude quake that struck on March 11. [ Photos: Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in Pictures]

See where that quake falls on the list of the Japan's biggest earthquakes (by their magnitude on the moment magnitude scale):
10 - Great Kanto earthquake, 1923
Japan's worst earthquake of all time wasn't nearly its biggest.

In 1923, a magnitude 7.9 earthquake struck the Kanto plain on the island of Honshu on the morning of Sept. 1. The shaking lasted up to 10 minutes in some places. The quake devastated Tokyo, then home to about 2 million people, and caused widespread damage throughout the Kanto region.

The quake killed 142,800, making it one of the deadliest of all time.
9 - Genroku earthquake, 1703
Japan has had two earthquakes with staggering death tolls of more than 100,000 people. The Genroku earthquake of 1703 was only a magnitude 8.0, but along with its tsunami it killed more than 108,000 people.

Genroku refers to the Japanese era spanning 1688 to 1704. The quake actually struck in Sagami Bay, about 25 miles (40 kilometers) southwest of Tokyo. It ruptured in the middle of a tectonic plate, unlike Japan's most recent quake, which struck where two plates ram together.
8 - Nankaido earthquake, 1946
On the heels of World War II, a magnitude 8.1 earthquake struck Nankaido, Japan, on Dec. 20, 1946. The earthquake was felt from Northern Honshu Japan's largest island and home to about 100 million people to the southernmost island of Kyushu. The quake killed 1,362 people.

This quake ruptured in the Nankai Trough, a subduction zone where one tectonic plate slides below another. Earthquakes have been rupturing here every 100 to 200 years since the 7th century.
7- Aomori earthquake, 1968
This magnitude 8.2 earthquake struck off the east coast of Honshu, near Misawa, Japan, and was followed by a large tsunami, killing 52.

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6 - Kuril Islands earthquake, 2006
Not all large earthquakes are deadly location matters. In 2006, a magnitude 8.4 quake caused a tsunami to hit Japan's northern coast. But no one was killed on the sparsely populated islands, which are home to about 19,000 people.

The quake ruptured about 19 miles (30 km) deep, triggering a tsunami that injured one person in Waikiki, Hawaii. The tsunami also damaged docks in Crescent City, Calif., which was hit hard by last month's tsunami.

Devestation in the Kamaishi Bay after the 1933 quake.

Credit: Public domain.

5 - Sanriku earthquake, 1933
In 1933, an 8.4 magnitude earthquake triggered a tsunami, causing widespread damage to towns on the Sanriku coast of the Tohoku region of Honshu, killing more than 3,000.

The quake was about 180 miles (290 km) offshore, but the tsunami was strong enough to wash away about 3,000 houses. Waves up to 94 feet (28.7 m) were reported at Honshu's Ryori Bay. Nearly 10-foot (3-m) waves were reported in Hawaii.
4 - Ansei-Nankai earthquake, 1854
Japan has been hit by several other 8.4 magnitude earthquakes. The Ansei-Nankai earthquake killed 10,000 people on the island of Kyushu, making it the deadliest of its size. At the time, the quake was blamed on a giant catfish, called Namazu, thrashing in the waters, according to a 2006 article in the Journal of Social History.

Ansei is the name for the Japanese era spanning from 1854 to 1860. Nankai is the name of the trough where the earthquake ruptured, south of Honshu.

This quake hit just one day after similarly sized Ansei-Tokai earthquake, which killed 2,000 people. One year later, the Ansei Edo quake, a 6.9 magnitude, would kill 6,600 people.
3 - Meiji-Sanriku earthquake, 1896
This magnitude 8.5 earthquake killed more than 27,000 people in Sanriku, nearly in the same location as the 1933 earthquake. The earthquake itself was too far off-shore to cause much damage, but it triggered a massive tsunami. The tsunami traveled across the Pacific Ocean to Hawaii and California. The quake was followed by 76 aftershocks of magnitude 5.0 or greater.
2 - Hoei earthquake, 1707
The early 1700s were a busy time seismically. Just a few years after the Genroku earthquake, a magnitude 8.6 quake killed 5,000 people in the Nankaido and Tokai regions, on the islands of Honshu and Shikoku.

The earthquake ruptured all segments of the Nankai fault, the only earthquake known to have done so. There is also reason to believe it triggered an eruption of Mount Fuji nearly 50 days later.
1 - Tohoku earthquake, 2011
On March 11, a magnitude 9.0 quake triggered a tsunami that killed an estimated 29,000 thousand people and damaged some nuclear reactors. This earthquake is the largest ever recorded in Japan.

Aftershocks continue to rock the island of Honshu. The aftershocks include more than 50 of magnitude 6.0 or greater, and three above magnitude 7.0. [ When Will the Aftershocks in Japan End?]

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Japan has a notorious earthquake history. About 1,500 earthquakes strike the island nation every year. Minor tremors occur on a nearly daily basis. Deadly quakes are a tragic part of the nation's past. Japan has such a large potential for earthquakes and disaster because the nation sits atop four huge slabs of the Earth's crust, called tectonic plates.

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Where: Tennant Creek Australia

When: january 22 1988

casualties: 0

The Tennant Creek earthquake of 1988 occurred on January 22 at 22:30 ACDT, not far from the town of Tennant Creek in Australia's Northern Territory. The earthquake had a moment magnitude of 6.6 and a maximum perceived intensity of 9 (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale. The earthquake did not cause any fatalities or serious injuries.

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When: December 26 2004

Where: Sumatra Indonesia

casualties: 230,000-280,000

The Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, also known as the Sumatra earthquake of 2004, took place on December 26, 2004, off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. One of the biggest earthquakes ever recorded, it had a magnitude of 9.1 to 9.3 on the moment magnitude scale and was a huge undersea quake, taking many lives. Between 230,000 and 280,000 people are thought to have died as a result of the disaster.

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Location: Kermadec Islands, New Zealand
Magnitude: 5.2
Depth: 18km
Duration: 12hrs
Longitude: -177.36
Latitude: -29.75
Date: 01/05/2023
Duration: 12hrs
Source: https://earthquakes.ga.gov.au/

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Geoscience Australia monitors, analyses and reports on significant earthquakes to alert the Australian Government, State and Territory Governments and the public about earthquakes in Australia and overseas.

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When: 6th of February 2023, 4:17 AM (Local time)
Where: southeast Turkey, northwest Syria
Impact: This 7.8 magnitude earthquake has wreaked havoc and destruction across Syria and Turkey, with damage to agricultural infrastructure leaving 11 provinces of Turkey without food and jobs. This natural disaster has claimed the lives of 50,783 people in Turkey and 8,476 people in Syria. It left millions homeless and caused immediate damage with an estimated cost of $34 billion USD and an indirect impact on housing, the economy and lost work costing an estimated $84.1 billion USD.

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When: 9th of July 1958, 10:15 PM (PST)
Where: Lituya Bay, Alaska
Impact: This mega-tsunami was triggered by an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 - 8.3, which caused a rockslide of 90 million tonnes into the bay. The displacement of this mass of earth created a tsunami that reached 525 metres in height, barrelling through the bay with a tremendous sound that could be heard 80 kilometres away. This natural disaster caused the death of five people and the destruction of natural and man-made landscapes and homes.

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In 1958 on the 9th of July history was made with the largest tsunami that has been recorded. The massive wave 524 metres above sea level and occurred at Lituya Bay in Alaska. The huge wave pulled trees out from the ground with it's powerful force. The trees were snapped, the forests were sheared and swept away. A total of 5 people were killed during the tsunami, which left many people injured and many homes destroyed. 2 people from a fishing boat died as a result of being caught by the wave.

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tonga
under water volcano
felt in australia
biggest tsunami waves recorded here

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magnitude 5.9
Mansfield Victoria
depth of 10km
felt as far as Adelaide
no serious injuries
structural damage

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Indonesia’s Sunda Strait tsunami by Leeyah Walters

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Indonesia’s Sunda Strait tsunami by Leeyah Walters

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where: Sunda Strait, Indonesia
when: 22 December 2018
More than 280 people have been killed, over 1,000 injured
The tsunami also damaged about 350 boats and vessels, 556 houses, 73 vehicles and nine hotels
the eruption took place at 9:03pm (14:03 GMT), and the tsunami hit 24 minutes later. The Sunda strait is a somewhat narrow waterway located between the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra that connects the Java Sea of the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean.

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George hotel in Newcastle, after the earthquake

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when: 10:27am December 28 in 1989

The earthquake claimed 13 lives: 9 people died at the Newcastle Workers Club, 3 people were killed in Beaumont Street Hamilton, and one person died of shock

160 people were hospitalised

50,000 buildings were damaged (approximately 40,000 of these were homes)

300 buildings were demolished

300,000 people were affected and 1,000 were made homeless

It left a damage bill estimated to be about $4 billion

The effects were felt over an area of about 200,000 sq. km, with isolated reports of movement up to 800km from Newcastle

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Where: Haiti Dominican Republic

Date: January 12 2010

Time: 4:53 P.M.

The Haiti earthquake of 2010 devastated the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince and left an estimated 1.5 million survivors homeless. The earthquake hit at 4:53 pm on January 12 approximately 15 miles (25 km) southwest of the Haitian capital of Port-au-Prince. The initial shock registered a magnitude of 7.0

An exact death toll proved elusive in the ensuing chaos. The Haitian government’s official count was more than 300,000, but other estimates were considerably smaller. Hundreds of thousands of survivors were displaced.

The collapsed buildings defining the landscape of the disaster area came as a consequence of Haiti’s lack of building codes. Without adequate reinforcement, the buildings disintegrated under the force of the quake, killing or trapping their occupants.

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When : Saturday, November the 1st, 1755

Time : 9:40 a.m local time

Death Toll : 12 000 - 50 000 people

The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon earthquake, impacted Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula, and Northwest Africa.

In combination with subsequent fires and a tsunami, the earthquake almost completely destroyed Lisbon and adjoining areas.

Seismologists estimate the Lisbon earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 or more. Its epicenter in the Atlantic Ocean about 200 km west and southwest of Cape St. Vincent and about 290 km southwest of Lisbon.

Chronologically, it was the third known large scale earthquake to hit the city. Estimates place the death toll in Lisbon at between 12 000 - 50 000 making it one of the deadliest earthquakes in history.

The earthquake accentuated political tensions in Portugal and profoundly disrupted the country's colonial ambitions.

The event was widely discussed and dwelt upon by European Enlightenment philosophers, and inspired major developments in theodicy. As the first earthquake studied scientifically for its effects over a large area, it led to the birth of modern seismology and earthquake engineering

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When : Wednesday, April 18 in 1906

Time : 5:12 a.m

Casualties : 3 000 people

Northern California was hit by a major earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.9 and a maximum intensity of XI (Extreme).

High-intensity shaking was felt from Eureka to the Salinas Valley. Devastating fires soon broke out in the city and lasted for several days.

Over 80% of the city of San Francisco was destroyed. The earthquake rupture propagated both northward and southward for a total 476 km

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When: November 4, 1952

Where: East Russia

Casualties: 10,000 – 15,000 dead

The Kamchatka tsunami was generated by a 9.0 magnitude earthquake, the waves got as high as 50 feet caused extensive damage to the Kamchatka peninsula and the Kuril islands, and left an estimated 10,000 to 15,000 dead. Waves travelled as far as Peru, Chili and New Zealand, but the largest damage to other areas of the pacific ocean occurred in the Hawaiian islands. The Hawaiian islands suffered the greatest damage out of the local area, damage was estimated at $17 million.

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Where: Chile

When: May 22, 1960

Casualties: 3,000 injured, 1, 655 killed

With a magnitude of 9.5 the Valdivia earthquake was the most powerful earthquake recorded in history, the rupture zone stretched from 500 km to almost 1,000 km along the country coast. The event was named after the city most affected by the quake, Valdivia.

The Valdivia earthquake left 2 million unlucky people homeless, and the economic damage costed $550 million. The quake also caused a tsunami that raced across the pacific, the waves reached all the way to New Zealand, Japan and the Philippines, wrecking coastal communities.

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2011 earthquake     Chloe Hill

Deaths .15,897

Date. 11 march 2011

Time . 2:46 pm

A magnitude 9.0 earthquake struck in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Tōhoku region of Japan’s Honshu island on March 11, 2011. The Great East Japan Earthquake — the name given to the event by the Japanese government — triggered a massive tsunami that flooded more than 200 square miles of coastal land. Waves were estimated to be as high as 38 meters, the height of a 12-story building.

An estimated 20,000 people were dead or missing and close to 500,000 people were forced to evacuate. In addition, a nuclear power plant meltdown triggered a nuclear emergency. The direct economic loss from the earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear disaster is estimated at $360 billion.

Though Japan is a world leader in disaster preparedness, the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake caused overwhelming damage and humanitarian needs that required an international response.

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1989 Newcastle Earthquake.
Killed 13 people and injuring more than 160, the damage bill has been estimated at A$4 billion. The effects were felt over an area of around 200,000 square kilometer.

1960 Chilean Tsunami.
The most powerful earthquake ever recorded, various studies have placed it at 9.4–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale. The death toll and monetary losses arising from this widespread disaster are not certain.[4] Various estimates of the total number of fatalities from the earthquake and tsunamis have been published, ranging between 1,000 and 7,000 killed. Different sources have estimated the monetary cost ranged from US$400 million to $800 million

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In Los Angeles an earthquake shakes at a magnitude of 4.0, it originated in the Pacific Ocean. The earthquake began at 2:13 A.M., and was positioned 15 miles south of a city called Port Hueneme. Port Hueneme is around 60 miles west of downtown LA. There were no injuries or damage reported directly after.

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Nias tsunami and Earthquake BY VAN KNIGHT

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Nias tsunami and Earthquake BY VAN KNIGHT

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2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake. ... At least 915 people were killed, mostly on the island of Nias. The event caused panic in the region, which had already been devastated by the massive tsunami triggered by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, but this earthquake generated a relatively small tsunami that caused limited damage.

Nias is a popular surf travel destination and an interesting change to the environment is that the reefs have moved and that has made some of the popular surf locations disappear and some new breaks have formed in areas that didn’t have surf able waves before.

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Earthquake:Appin, New South Wales, southwest of Sydney 1999-03-17 65 kilometres (40 mi) southwest of Sydney, New South Wales. Depth only 3.2 km. Felt in Sydney and caused 1000 homes to lose power. A magnitude-3.9 earthquake has hit homes in Appin and surrounding suburbs, south of Sydney, just after 1:00am.Geoscience Australia reported that the earthquake could have been felt in a 56-kilometre radius, which includes Wollongong, parts of the southern highlands and most of southern and western Sydney.Geoscience seismologist Jonathan Bathgate said there had been more than 100 online reports and a number of calls from residents."Most people are not reporting any damage at this stage, but certainly are reporting shaking enough to have woken them up and knock objects off shelves, loose objects, and rattle windows and things like that," he said."So, a magnitude-3.9 — it's certainly a good shake."TsunamiMarch 11, 2011 Australian region where tsunami effects were recorded: NSW, TAS, Source Region: Japan, 56cm wave at Norfolk Island, 35cm wave at Port Kembla NSW, and a 23cm wave at Spring Bay TAS. Unusual currents noted at Port Kembla and Sydney Harbour. Several swimmers washed into a lagoon at Merimbula NSWThe 11 March 2011 magnitude 9.0 Honshu, Japan earthquake (38.297 N, 142.372 E, depth 30 km) generated a tsunami that was observed all over the Pacific region and caused tremendous devastation locally* . The National Police Agency of Japan reports that as of February 2015, there are 15,890 deaths and 2,590 missing and presumed deaths; and 6,152 injuries in 12 Japanese prefectures. The tsunami also caused one death in Papua, Indonesia and one death in Klamath River, California. The earthquake and tsunami caused $220 billion damage in Japan and resulted in a nuclear disaster with an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) rating of 7 at the Fukushima I (Daiichi) Nuclear Power station. The tsunami also caused $30 million damage in Hawaii; $55 million damage to marine facilities in California; and $6 million in losses to the fishing industry in Tongoy, Chile over 16,000 km from the source. This was the first time observational evidence from satellites linked a tsunami to ice-shelf calving in Antarctica. This is the fourth largest earthquake in the world and the largest in Japan since instrumental recordings began in 1900. The earthquake generated the deadliest tsunami since the 2004 magnitude 9.1 Northern Sumatra earthquake and tsunami caused nearly 230,000 deaths and $10 billion in damage. This is the most devastating earthquake to occur in Japan since the 1995 Kobe earthquake caused over 5,500 deaths and the deadliest tsunami since the 1993 Hokkaido earthquake generated a tsunami which was responsible for over 200 deaths.

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Earthquake:Appin, New South Wales, southwest of Sydney 1999-03-17 65 kilometres (40 mi) southwest of Sydney, New South Wales. Depth only 3.2 km. Felt in Sydney and caused 1000 homes to lose power. A magnitude-3.9 earthquake has hit homes in Appin and surrounding suburbs, south of Sydney, just after 1:00am.Geoscience Australia reported that the earthquake could have been felt in a 56-kilometre radius, which includes Wollongong, parts of the southern highlands and most of southern and western Sydney.Geoscience seismologist Jonathan Bathgate said there had been more than 100 online reports and a number of calls from residents."Most people are not reporting any damage at this stage, but certainly are reporting shaking enough to have woken them up and knock objects off shelves, loose objects, and rattle windows and things like that," he said."So, a magnitude-3.9 — it's certainly a good shake."TsunamiMarch 11, 2011 Australian region where tsunami effects were recorded: NSW, TAS, Source Region: Japan, 56cm wave at Norfolk Island, 35cm wave at Port Kembla NSW, and a 23cm wave at Spring Bay TAS. Unusual currents noted at Port Kembla and Sydney Harbour. Several swimmers washed into a lagoon at Merimbula NSWThe 11 March 2011 magnitude 9.0 Honshu, Japan earthquake (38.297 N, 142.372 E, depth 30 km) generated a tsunami that was observed all over the Pacific region and caused tremendous devastation locally* . The National Police Agency of Japan reports that as of February 2015, there are 15,890 deaths and 2,590 missing and presumed deaths; and 6,152 injuries in 12 Japanese prefectures. The tsunami also caused one death in Papua, Indonesia and one death in Klamath River, California. The earthquake and tsunami caused $220 billion damage in Japan and resulted in a nuclear disaster with an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) rating of 7 at the Fukushima I (Daiichi) Nuclear Power station. The tsunami also caused $30 million damage in Hawaii; $55 million damage to marine facilities in California; and $6 million in losses to the fishing industry in Tongoy, Chile over 16,000 km from the source. This was the first time observational evidence from satellites linked a tsunami to ice-shelf calving in Antarctica. This is the fourth largest earthquake in the world and the largest in Japan since instrumental recordings began in 1900. The earthquake generated the deadliest tsunami since the 2004 magnitude 9.1 Northern Sumatra earthquake and tsunami caused nearly 230,000 deaths and $10 billion in damage. This is the most devastating earthquake to occur in Japan since the 1995 Kobe earthquake caused over 5,500 deaths and the deadliest tsunami since the 1993 Hokkaido earthquake generated a tsunami which was responsible for over 200 deaths.

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Earthquake near Broome may have released '100 times more energy' than Newcastle tremor

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Earthquake near Broome may have released '100 times more energy' than Newcastle tremor

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The 6.6 magnitude earthquake that rattled Broome on the weekend was on par with the largest ever recorded in Australia and was felt along several thousand kilometres of coastline from Darwin down to Perth and around to Esperance.

Tsunami

In 1977 a tsunami travelled inland to a point six metres above sea level at Cape Leveque, WA.

In 1994 a tsunami travelled 300 metres inland in the Onslow-Exmouth region of WA.

In 2006 a tsunami affected parts of the WA coast, particularly at Steep Point where a tsunami travelled 200 metres inland.

The largest tsunami impacts have been recorded along the northwest coast of Western Australia:

Sebastian.louis

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On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9 earthquake shook northeastern Japan, unleashing a savage tsunami.The effects of the great earthquake were felt around the world, from Norway's fjords to Antarctica's ice sheet. Tsunami debris has continued to wash up on North American beaches years later.More than 120,000 buildings were destroyed, 278,000 were half-destroyed and 726,000 were partially destroyed, the agency said. The direct financial damage from the disaster is estimated to be about $199 billion dollars (about 16.9 trillion yen), according to the Japanese government. The total economic cost could reach up to $235 billion, the World Bank estimated, making it the costliest natural disaster in world historyJapan's scientists had forecast a smaller earthquake would strike the northern region of Honshu, the country's main island. Nor did they expect such a large tsunami. But there had been hints of the disaster to come. The areas flooded in 2011 closely matched those of a tsunami that hit Sendai in 869. In the decade before the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, a handful of Japanese geologists had begun to recognize that a large earthquake and tsunami had struck the northern Honshu region in 869. However, their warnings went unheeded by officials responsible for the country's earthquake hazard assessments. Now, tsunami experts from around the world have been asked to assess the history of past tsunamis in Japan, to better predict the country's future earthquake risk https://bit.ly/2h22I9R

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Tsunami are waves caused by sudden movement of the ocean due to earthquakes, landslides on the sea floor, land slumping into the ocean, large volcanic eruptions or meteorite impact in the ocean. Most tsunami are caused by large earthquakes on the sea floor when slabs of rock move past each other suddenly, causing the overlying water to move.

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Christchurch earthquakes of 2010–11, also called Canterbury earthquakes, series of tremors that occurred within and near the city of Christchurch, New Zealand, and the Canterbury Plains region from early September 2010 to late December 2011. The severest of those events were the earthquake(magnitude from 7.0 to 7.1) that struck on September 4, 2010, and the large, destructive aftershock(magnitude 6.3) that occurred on February 22, 2011.
ref:  https://bit.ly/2cEuypm

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The Newcastle Earthquake
The 28th of December 1989

The Newcastle earthquake occurred on Thursday the 28th of December  1989 in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, at 10:27am. The 5.6 magnitude earthquake claimed 13 lives, and caused the hospitalisation of 160 people. Approximately 40,000 homes were damaged, a massive piece of the 50,000 ruined buildings, and 300 were completely demolished. It affected 300,000 people and left 1,000 homeless, and aftershocks were still being felt the next day - some being felt even 800 kilometres from Newcastle!
The impacts on the people were severe, with a damage bill of an estimated four billion dollars. The impacts on the environment were also incredibly harsh, with many crumbled buildings causing the soil to become loose and blown away, combined with severe erosion and fallen trees and debris.
This earthquake is remembered in Australian history as being a truly shocking event.

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Fifty people were injured in this quake, which was centred off the coast between Beachport and Robe, but was felt throughout southern SA and south-western Victoria.

Most of Beachport and Robe were destroyed, and Kingston and Mount Gambier also suffered damage. The Earth heaved in waves and ruptured to a depth of 4m. In Adelaide, crowds panicked and suffered injuries as they rushed to the exits of swaying buildings.

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2018 earth quake/tsunami Sulawesi Indo `

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2018 earth quake/tsunami Sulawesi Indo `

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On the 28 September 2018 a large earthquake struck Minahasa peninsula, Indo. The magnitude was 7.5 quake located  48 miles away from the provincial capital Palu.

The earthquake was felt as far away as Samarinda. It was also felt in Tawau Malaysia. This event had a lot of foreshocks.

The largest was a 6.1 tremor that occurred earlier that day. After the main quake a tsunami alert was issued but was called of half an hour earlier.

A near by tsunami struck Pula washing away shore lying buildings as it went.

The combination of the Earthquake and tsunami caused 4340 people to lose there lives. This makes it the deadliest earthquake to strike this country since 2006. It was also the deadliest earthquake / tsunami to hit in 2018

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The Boxing Day Tsunami
The 26th of December 2004

On the 26th of December 2004, what is believed to be the deadliest tsunami in history occurred. The Boxing Day tsunami  resulted in loss of life for more than 230,000 people, and these disastrous effects were felt across 14 countries:  India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Maldives, Burma (Myanmar), Somalia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bangladesh, South Africa, Madagascar, Kenya, Tanzania and the Seychelles.

The 9.1 magnitude quake impacted on many families, as the final death toll is unknown and many do not know to this day if their loved ones are alive or deceased. Apart from this, there was the environmental impacts. When several buildings were destroyed, harmful chemicals and oil were released into the environment, damaging the landscape and killing wildlife. There was also severe erosion,  fallen trees and natural debris.
All in all, this was a horrific event that will remain forever in history as one of the worst tsunamis ever seen.

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Nepal Earthquake
25th April 2015

The Nepal earthquake was a tragic earthquake that hit Nepal on the 25 April. The earthquake was 7.8 magnitude and injured 22,000 people and killed over 8,000. The earthquake left people homeless and ruined several UNESCO world heritage sites that were over a hundred years old. The Mount Everest combing season was cancelled meaning less money for the people that had lost their home and were trying to recover from the tragic earthquake.

Alaska Tsunami
9th July 1958

In 1958 on the 9th of July history was made with the largest tsunami that has been recorded. The massive wave was 524 metres above sea level and occurred at Lituya Bay in Alaska. The huge wave pulled tress out from the ground with its powerful force.

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On the day 11:56 April of 2015 a earthquake struck Nepal originating east of the barpak gorka district. The earthquake injured 22,000 civilians and killed more than 8,000 others.

The tremors of the earth quake spread through the himilayas mountains and killed 21 on mount Everest.

The earthquake had a major after shock along the boarder of china on the 12th of may killing 200 and injuring 2,500 and causing several people to become homeless.

Several UNESCO World Heritage Sites century old buildings were flattened by the earthquake.

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Meckering in WA
14 October 1968
This earthquake hit Meckering and the shock measured magnitude 6.5 Richter . The small town about 115km out of Perth was destroyed by this earthquake. It was recored the second strongest earthquake in Australia. Only 20 people were injured and and luckily nobody was killed. Before the earthquake Meckering had 51 dwellings, 12 businesses and 15 public buildings and only 16 houses and 3 business survived.

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Newcastle Earthquake
Thursday, 28th December 1989.

The earthquake was 5.6 on the Richter magnitude scale. It is said to be one of the most serious natural disasters in Australia's history. Sadly 13 people died and more than 160 people were injured.
My Dad was in the suburb of Blacksmiths at a train station when the earthquake hit and he says, "everything shook and it felt like we were our to sea on rough waves.

Japan Tsunami
Friday 11th March 2011.

The great east Japan earthquake hit with an approximate epicentre at 70km east of Oshika Peninsula of Tohoku and the hypo centre was at a depth of 29km.
The earthquake triggered  very powerful tsunami waves, reaching up to 40.5m in some areas, travelling inland. The tsunami caused nuclear accidents and hundreds of thousands of people were evacuated from the homes.

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28/10/1707 at 3pm to 4pm a 25 meater high wave hit the coasts of Kysuyu, Honshu and Shikoku going inland several kilometers in Japan killing 30000.

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A Tsunami is a series of huge waves that come  out from the earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide or underwater detonation that caused them. These huge waves can travel thousands of kilometres across ocean basins. While out at sea, wave heights are small, but as a tsunami approaches shore, the rise of the continental slope means water levels are shallower, and the wave begins to narrow and become higher.

In March 2011,  An earthquake with a tremor measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale caused a Tsunami in Fukushima, Japan. Tremors from the quake could be felt as far away as Tokyo. Waves hit parts of Japan's east drift inside 300 kilometers  of the quake's epicenter.

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Japan Earthquake Tsunami (FULL VIDEO) 2018

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In 1989 the Newcastle earthquake occurred in Newcastle, NSW on the 28th of December.

The shock measured 5.6 on the Richter scale and was one of Australia's most serious natural disasters.

The quake killed 13 people and injured more than 160 people.
The shocks of the quake were felt more than 800 kilometres from the epicentre.

The earthquake caused damage to over 35,000 homes, 145 schools and 3,000 commercial buildings in the immediate Newcastle area,
The damage bill has been estimated at $4 billion dollars.

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The 1960 Valdivia earthquake or Great Chilean earthquake of 22 May is the most powerful earthquake ever recorded. Various studies have placed it at 9.4–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale. It lasted approximately 10 minutes. The resulting tsunami affected southern Chile, Hawaii, Japan, the Philippines, eastern New Zealand, southeast Australia and the Aleutian Islands. It killed 5,000 people and left another 2 million homeless.

One day the deadliest tsunami in the world hit!! The earthquake that generated the great Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 is estimated to have released the energy of 23,000 Hiroshima-type atomic bombs, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). It killed more than 230,000 people across 14 countries.

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Boxing Day tsunami: How this horrific Disaster unfolded

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Boxing Day tsunami: How this horrific Disaster unfolded

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The Boxing Day tsunami in 2004 is believed to be the deadliest tsunami in history, killing more than 230,000 people across 14 countries.

It began at 7:59am local time on December 26, 2004, when a 9.1-magnitude quake struck off the northern tip of Sumatra in Indonesia.

Scientists say the earthquake was the third-biggest ever recorded, lasting up to 10 minutes and causing the Earth to vibrate up to one centimetre.

It also displaced an estimated 30 cubic kilometres of water, unleashing a massive tsunami across the Indian Ocean.

Within 15 minutes of the earthquake, waves began striking the coasts of northern Sumatra and the Nicobar islands.

Waves of up to 30 metres were recorded as the tsunami swept through Aceh, the hardest hit region of Indonesia.

Around two hours after the earthquake struck, waves reached Sri Lanka, India and Thailand.

An hour later they reached the Maldives, and- more than seven hours after the initial quake, the tsunami was observed in Mauritius and along the east coast of Africa.

Indonesia was the nation hardest hit by the tsunami, with at least 168,000 people killed when walls of water smashed into Nias Island and Aceh province, which sits on the northern end of Sumatra.

In Sri Lanka 35,000 people were killed, while 18,000 died in India and 8,000 died in Thailand.

Hundreds also died in Africa.

Thousands of foreign travellers were killed in the disaster, including 26 Australians, all but two of whom died in Thailand.

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Papua New Guinea July 17, 1998 A magnitude-7.1 hit at a depth of 25 kilometres on Papua New Guinea's north coast near Aitape. The quake caused a landslide and tsunami which killed more than 2,000 people.

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Papua New Guinea July 17, 1998 A magnitude-7.1 hit at a depth of 25 kilometres on Papua New Guinea's north coast near Aitape. The quake caused a landslide and tsunami which killed more than 2,000 people.

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Haiti

January 12, 2010

A catastrophic magnitude-7.0 quake hit Haiti, leaving between 250,000 and 300,000 dead. It razed much of the capital Port-au-Prince and left Haitians in desperate need of food and shelter.

Deaths: Up to 300,000