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Contient- A principal/Huge land mass on earth,earth has 7

Hemisphere -Two parts of the from the north pole to south pole

Prime meridian- Meridian-the line that connects the north pole to the south pole

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Nomad-Person who regularly moves from place to place in search of food

Civilization-complex society with cities,organized government, art, religion,class divisions,and a writing system

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Fertile land
Unperdictable  Flooding
Crops were irrigated
Farmers could grow plenty of food

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Polytheistic-belief in many gods

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Cuneiform

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Hammurabi's Code

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Papyrus -Reed plant of the Nile River;used to make a form paper

Pharaoh-All powerfil king in ancient Egypt

Dynasty-a line of rulers from one family

Nile river-river that supported the Egyptian civilization

Domestication-to tame aniamls and plants for human use

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Flooding every year from july-october
gental not a threat
could farm very easily

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Polytheistic -Belief in many gods

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Hieroglyphs

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Early on there were two kingdoms the upper and the lower

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Torah-first 5 chapters of the Old Testment

Prophet-person who claims to be instructed by God's word

Moses-a prophet of God who was given the Ten Commandments

Abraham-Founder of Judaism

Sabbath-weekly day of worship and rest for jews (Saturday)

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Story of Abraham and Moses travels and struggles 

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Story of Abraham and Moses travels and struggles 

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Monotheism-Belief in one God

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Laws given to Moses by God

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Monson -In South Asia, a strong wind that blows one direction in winter and the opposite direction in summer

Nirvana-In buddhism,a state of wisdom and freedom from the cycle of rebirth

Karma-In Hinduism, the good or bad energy a person build up based upon whether he or she lives a good or bad life

Dhrama-In Hinduism,the divine law that requiers people to perform the duties of their cast

Brahman-In Hinduism, the universal spirit of which all gods and goddesses are different parts

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First civilization was near the indus river valley

Fertile soil

Two cities:Harappa and Mohenio-Daro

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founded by Siddhartha Gautama

He was  a prince who lefr his family and wealth to travel

Saw suffering and questioned wht there was suffering

popular because it rejects the caste system

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world's thrid largest religion

All life is sacred

Develpoed from Aryan religion

The Brahman is the universal spirit made up of thousands of Gods and Goddesses

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Bureacucary-A group of appointed officials who are responsible for different areas of government

Confucanism- System of beliefs introduced by the Chinese thinker Confucius; taught that people needed to have a sense of duty to their family and community in order to bring peace to society

Daoism- Chinese philosophy based on the teachings of Laozi; taught that people should turn to nature and give up their worldly concerns

Leagalism-Society needs a system of harsh laws and punishments, Strong rulers, founded

Mandate of Hevean-The belief that the Chinese king’s right to rule came from the gods

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Mountains and deserts isolated and protect china from others

China had very little farm land because much of the counrty is either mountains or deserts

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Rulers were part of the dynasty

Rulers were called emperors

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Direct Democracy-Athens government, government by the people, citizens share in running the government, each citizen has 1 vote

Repersentative Democracy-USA system of government, where citizens choose a smaller group to make laws and decisions for them

socratic method-A way of teaching that used questions-and-answers to make students to use their reason to see things for themselves

Helleninstic Era-Period when Greek language and ideas spread to non-Greek people

Oligarchy-Sparta’s government, small group as control, usually a small wealthy group has control over the larger group of citizens

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Mountains and ilsands

Greece is a peninsula

fishers,soilders,and trades

grew barley,wheat,olives and grapes

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Polytheistic

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Socrates-he taught the socratice method

Plato-Student of Socrates. In Plato's Republic,describes the best government which is headed by philosopher-Kings

Aristotle-Plato's student.He will write the book,Politics,and wants to find the best form of government. His ideas shaped European and American government

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Delion League was an alliance to defend Greek land from the Persians near them

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They are going to be the first to try democracy or rule by the people

They had a powerful direct democracy where poeple directly vote on laws and policies

Foregin born men,Athenian women and enslaved men could not vote or hold office

Without their ideas we would never have had a representative domarcy-this is when citizens choose a small group of people to make decisions for them

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Phillip 2 of Macedoina took over Greece

His son becomes king of Macedonia when his father dies

He beats the Persian empire and cpatures Egypt

Continued conquest in Arabia

Died in 323 B.C. agter an illness

Because he controlled much of the known world, this will spread Greek language and culture

This is called the hellenistic Era

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Republic-form of government in which the leader is a person elected by the citizens

Patricain-Wealthy landowner and member of the ruling class in ancient Rome

Plebeain-Member of the common people of ancient Rome

Veto- to reject

Pax Romana-Long era of peace and safety in the Roman Empire

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At the top of the boot is the Alps,mountians that separated Ital for Europe

Rome is located on the Tiber River

A source of water and trade

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People had power

They have an elected ruler

Had to pay taxs

within 70 years the people of Rome controlled all of Italy

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Problems were begining at home because many farmers were in the Army

Farmers came home to no land because rich Romans were buying their land

Gap between the rich and poor grew

Gave them free  bread and circuses to keep them happy

Gladiators-fought slaves,criminals and animals

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How did there government affect ours today 

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How did there government affect ours today 

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Innocent until proven guilty

Face a judge

Rule of law-applied to everyone

Twelve Tabels-First written law a]on display in the Forum