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Start studying Bath salts. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.

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For information on the ever-changing field of drug detection with and synthetic cannabinoid

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For information on the ever-changing field of drug detection with and synthetic cannabinoid

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The ever-changing field of drug detection with and synthetic cannabinoids

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Synthetic cathinones and cannabinoids are a growing public health crisis in the U.S. The production and distribution of the compounds is unregulated, and legislation is unable to keep up with the growing supply of new compounds that are being made monthly.

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Analysis of amphetamines and synthetic cathinones in hair samples using LC-tandem mass spectrometry and solid-phase extraction

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In this study, the procedure for analyzing amphetamines and synthetic cathinones (also known as "bath salts") in hair samples using a mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE) is described. Samples of hair were digested with a dilute solution of base (containing internal standards), neutralized, and diluted with an aqueous phosphate buffer (pH 6).

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Signs of toxicity with bath salts include the following: disorientation and agitation; dilated pupils with involuntary eye movements; lockjaw and teeth grinding; rapid, inappropriate, incoherent speech; being emotionally, verbally, or physically abusive; and having elevated liver enzymes and/or liver failure.

Brunk, Doug. "Designer drug symptoms can mimic mental disorders." Internal Medicine News, 1 Apr. 2016, p. 14. Health & Wellness Resource Center, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A453295480/HWRC?u=lom_inac&sid=HWRC&xid=989ee3aa. Accessed 16 May 2018.

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I hope you learned the dangers of another drug. Don't be afraid to say "no" to drugs!

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Bath salts can be inhaled, injected, snorted, swallowed, or inserted into the rectum or vagina, and effects occur in doses of 2-5 mg.

Brunk, Doug. "Designer drug symptoms can mimic mental disorders." Internal Medicine News, 1 Apr. 2016, p. 14. Health & Wellness Resource Center, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A453295480/HWRC?u=lom_inac&sid=HWRC&xid=989ee3aa. Accessed 16 May 2018.

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"Poison centers nationwide responded to about 3,200 calls related to synthetic marijuana and bath salts. In 2011, that number jumped to more than 13,000 calls. Sixty percent of the cases involved patients 25 and younger," Dr. Rick Dart, the association's president, said in a statement.
Designer drugs have grown in popularity in recent years because they are perceived as legal alternatives to illicit substances. In addition, their detection by standard drug toxicology screens is limited.

Sullivan, Michele G. "New act outlaws 'bath salt' compounds." Clinical Psychiatry News, Aug. 2012, p. 3. Health & Wellness Resource Center, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A301649709/HWRC?u=lom_inac&sid=HWRC&xid=d4ececb6. Accessed 16 May 2018.

Brunk, Doug. "Designer drug symptoms can mimic mental disorders." Internal Medicine News, 1 Apr. 2016, p. 14. Health & Wellness Resource Center, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A453295480/HWRC?u=lom_inac&sid=HWRC&xid=989ee3aa. Accessed 16 May 2018.

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STREET NAMES: Khat, qat in Yemen, tschat in Ethiopia; miraa in Kenya; Abyssinian tea, African salad, African tea, Arabian tea, Bushman's tea, chafta, chat, ciat, crafta, djimma, flower of paradise.....etc. These bath salts are scientifically known as Synthetic Cathinones--human-made stimulants chemically related to cathinone, a substance found in the khat plant (a shrub grown in East Africa and southern Arabia, where some people chew its leaves for their mild stimulant effects). The Catha edulis (khat) plant is a flowering evergreen shrub or tree with a slender trunk and thin bark. Khat is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that contains the psychoactive ingredients cathinone, which is structurally and chemically similar to the d-amphetamines (drugs like cocaine); and cathine, a milder form of cathinone; as well as cahine and norephedrine. These stimulants began to be used in the United States in 2010 and are widely available online and in smoke shops. Users have a median age of 26 years, Dr. Sauve said, and are mostly male.
The drugs are commonly referred to as "bath salts" because they were originally packaged with names such as "Ivory Wave" and marketed as "not for human consumption" or "research chemicals". These drugs are now scheduled in the same way as other controlled substances.

Slomski, Genevieve T. "Catha Edulis." Drugs and Controlled Substances: Information for Students, edited by Stacey L. Blachford and Kristine Krapp, Gale, 2003, pp. 66-73. Gale Virtual Reference Library, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX3402000041/GVRL?u=lom_inac&sid=GVRL&xid=19e006be. Accessed 16 May 2018.

NIDA. "Synthetic Cathinones ("Bath Salts")." National Institute on Drug Abuse, 5 Feb. 2018, https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/synthetic-cathinones-bath-salts. Accessed 16 May 2018.

Brunk, Doug. "Designer drug symptoms can mimic mental disorders." Internal Medicine News, 1 Apr. 2016, p. 14. Health & Wellness Resource Center, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A453295480/HWRC?u=lom_inac&sid=HWRC&xid=989ee3aa. Accessed 16 May 2018.

Elian, Albert A., et al. "Analysis of amphetamines and synthetic cathinones in hair samples using LC-tandem mass spectrometry and solid-phase extraction." LCGC Europe, Sept. 2014, p. 458+. Health & Wellness Resource Center, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A386917342/HWRC?u=lom_inac&sid=HWRC&xid=cf92305c. Accessed 16 May 2018.

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Designer stimulants are among the compounds to make the country's Schedule I list of illegal drugs as of August 2012. "President Obama has signed into law the Synthetic Drug Abuse Prevention Act of 2012. The law adds 31 compounds to schedule I, including 9 that fall into the cathinone-based "bath salts" category and 20 found in synthetic marijuana, commonly called spice or K2." **This relatively new act bans substituted cathinone enhancements so that underground chemists have no versions of "legal" bath salts to create.

Sullivan, Michele G. "New act outlaws 'bath salt' compounds." Clinical Psychiatry News, Aug. 2012, p. 3. Health & Wellness Resource Center, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A301649709/HWRC?u=lom_inac&sid=HWRC&xid=d4ececb6. Accessed 16 May 2018.

DeNoon, Daniel J. "'Bath Salts' Used to Get High Are Now Illegal." WebMD, 8, Sept. 2011, www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/news/20110908/ bath-salts-used-to-get-high-are-now-illegal. Accessed 17 May 2018.

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People who use spice, bath salts, and other so-called designer drugs may present with symptoms that resemble numerous psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and depression, according to Dr. William M. Sauve. Long term consequences have not been extensively studied and are relatively unknown. Transition from recreational to addictive use "may occur in a matter of days. Treatment is primarily supportive and may include sedatives for anxiety, agitation, aggression, tremors, seizures, and psychosis. Physical restraints may be necessary.
Khat: Because khat is chewed for the most part, medical problems associated with the oral cavity and digestive tract are common and may lead to inflammation and secondary infections. There is also some evidence of increased risk of oral cancer. Similarly, in a study published in the May 2001 issue of International Journal of Cancer, researchers found that khat chewing, especially when accompanied by alcohol and tobacco consumption, may cause oral malignancy.

Brunk, Doug. "Designer drug symptoms can mimic mental disorders." Internal Medicine News, 1 Apr. 2016, p. 14. Health & Wellness Resource Center, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A453295480/HWRC?u=lom_inac&sid=HWRC&xid=989ee3aa. Accessed 16 May 2018.

Slomski, Genevieve T. "Catha Edulis." Drugs and Controlled Substances: Information for Students, edited by Stacey L. Blachford and Kristine Krapp, Gale, 2003, pp. 66-73. Gale Virtual Reference Library, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX3402000041/GVRL?u=lom_inac&sid=GVRL&xid=19e006be. Accessed 16 May 2018.

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This powder that comes in small packets and can cause a feeling of joy or boost sex drive.

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Synthetic cathinone products marketed as "bath salts" should not be confused with products such as Epsom salts that people use during bathing. These bathing products have no mind-altering ingredients, where as the drug "bath salts" is a stimulant.

NIDA. "Synthetic Cathinones ("Bath Salts")." National Institute on Drug Abuse, 5 Feb. 2018, https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/synthetic-cathinones-bath-salts. Accessed 16 May 2018.