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Revivals of the broad religious movement that swept the United States after 1790. A man named Charles Grandison Finney, the most famous preacher of the era, and his contemporaries were participants of the second great awakening. Calvinistic beliefs that had to do with God predetermining people’s salvation before they were even created, was one of the religions that was rejected by preachers of the 18th century. Rather than predetermination of salvation, people sought to stray from that path and seek their own religious salvation. The second great awakening was mainly about people finding their own individuality concerning the aspects of their beliefs.

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Why was the second great awakening was important 

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Why was the second great awakening was important 

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This was important because it was the start of religious school and bible groups, as well as many people decided to join many different religions. The government also put prohibitions on alcohol. Many started to support women rights and further education. In the north during this time people started to create anti-slavery movements in the north as well as pro-slavery movements in the south because the economy is so revolved around it. Also many African American churches started popping up. Basically it was important because many converted to different religions and the movement of anti-slavery and women’s right’s were created. http://www.american-historama.org/1790-1800-new-nation/second-great-awakening.htm

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The Second Great Awakening brought the belief that all people, black and white, belong to God. Churches were now open for whites and blacks, but slaves had their own separate area in the plantation for worship. Slaves interpreted the teachings as promises of freedom. Though both colors were allowed in the church. Later on African Americans decided to make their own churches like Richard Allen’s Bethel African church that was in Philadelphia which was later changed to African Methodist Episcopal Church. In this church Allen taught to fight against slavery and to strengthen its faith. His church became political, cultural, and social center for African Americans.

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Ralph Waldo Emerson was the father of Transcendentalim. This was a philosophical literary movement. Transcendentalists focused on living a  simple lifestyle, and praised truth found in nature, emotion and imagination. They drew lots of attention to American ideas like self reliance, freedom, and optimism. Emerson’s friend, Henry Thoreau, abandoned a “normal” way of life and instead built a cabin off the shore of Walden Pond, putting the theme of self reliance into motion. Thoreau encouraged people not to obey laws that were considered unjust, because of his strong beliefs in an individual conscience. This type of protest was called Civil Disobedience, which was not active protesting, rather a silent protest by simply not abiding by certain laws. Thoreau was later thrown in jail for his refusal to pay taxes supporting the War with Mexico.

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Revivals

“Such a gathering...was an emotional meeting designed to awaken religious faith through impassioned preaching and prayer”.

This gathering lasts about 4 to 5 days.

During those days they studied the Bible and examined their souls, also listened to emotional preaching.

Swept Across the U.S. in the 1800’s

Revivals mostly occurred in the western part of New York known as the burned over district.

Some of the most successful revivals occurred in Rochester, New York.

In the 1800’s every 1 in 15 Americans that resided in the church, but then in the 1850’s it was every 1 in 6 Americans.

Charles Finney was called the “father of modern revivalism” because he fanned the flames.