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1. Jessica Shirley anak Nerry - 50555
2. Doreen Tony - 51640
3. Beverly Dayang Nathan - 55292
4. Ezra Kuling Belong - 51723
5. Mohd Hazim Afiq b. Kalana - 45677
6. Ranjita Chandragesan - 55000
7. Emilda Anak Iling - 51685

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To become one of the optimist and successful team

MISSION
To spread the power of positive vibe with effective communication and professionalism

MOTTO
"Get Connected"

Motto Description: Connected well with each of team members is important to ensure every task conducted will be done effectively and finished on due. Good making of communications will make goals reachable.

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Our Theme: Gemstones

Sapheiros is extract from the word of Sapphire.
Sapphire is one of the most precious and valuable gemstones

The Meaning of Elements In The Logo:
- Blue describe the color of technology as well as it is the color of Sapphire
- Mouse shows the connection (this is inline with the subject of MIT where we learn about the interaction between physical and virtual environment)
- The Sapphire shape describe the name of our team and act as a symbol of durability (one of Sapphire's property)
- Durability = Long-lasting, which interprets that we want to be a strong and tough team

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Attached is the journal review of done on Chapter 6

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This is a document (docx) consisit of the lists of Journals that we have been used for accomplishing our Paper Review project.

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ONLINE DISCUSSION: FINAL UPDATE TASK ON PROJECT

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ONLINE DISCUSSION: FINAL UPDATE TASK ON PROJECT

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Final update with the team members regarding the project tasks documentation.

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We re-discuss and finalize about the task division and compilation.

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Reminding every team members about their task respectively.

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We decide to arrange our papers finding in this way before converting into a full report, so that it is easy to see the details of the reviewer as well as the referencing method. This also works efficient to make sure that there is no redundancy in papers finding among the team members.

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ONLINE DISCUSSION THROUGH GROUP WHATSAPP

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ONLINE DISCUSSION THROUGH GROUP WHATSAPP

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The team members are asked to update their findings in the document attached as followed to ease the process of paper/articles/journals finding.

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Contributor: Jessica Shirley anak Nerry
Multimodal interaction is the situation where the user is provided with multiple modes for interacting with a system. It can be said that it is the process two or more combined user input models such as the speech, pen, touch, manual gesture, gaze and head and body movements in a coordinated manner with a multimedia system output. They are a new class of interface that objectively to recognize naturally occurring forms of human language and behavior and which incorporate one or more recognition-based technologies.

Multimodal input:

-          Allow human to communicate naturally

-          Provides user with multiple input modalities

-          Permits multiple styles of interaction

-          May be simultaneous or not

-          Must consider modality fusion and temporal constraints

Advantage:

-          Natural/ realism

-          Flexible

-          Wearable devices

-          Robust

Disadvantage:

-          Aligning task with modalities

-          Aligning usage to user profiles

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Contributor: Jessica Shirley anak Nerry

User Interface (UI) is important to be considered carefully as it will enable users to access, understand and use to facilitate those actions. UI brings together the concepts from interaction design, visual design and information architecture.

Interface elements:

a)      Input controls – buttons, text fields, checkboxes, radio buttons, drop down

b)      Navigational components – tooltips, icons, progress bar

c)      Informational Components- tooltips, icons, message boxes, modal windows

d)     Containers- accordion

Best practices to design an interface:

-          Keep interface simple

-          Create consistency and use common UI elements

-          Be purposeful in page layout

-          Strategically use color and texture

-          Use typography to create hierarchy and clarity

-          Think about the defaults

-          Make sure system communicates what’s happening

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Contributor: Mohd Hazim Afiq b. Kalana

Nature of the interface is the difficulty in implementing it since it hard to replicate the taste and producing a device that mimic the taste, and it is multimodal sensation.

There are 5 sense of taste which are umami, sour, bitter, salty and sweet.

Currently the technology of the interface are food simulator..

This technology has several purposes that are to present the food texture and simulate the multisensory sensation(sound, vibration and chemical taste)

Future trends of taste interface is applying the interfaces into training simulation, entertainment and food design.

Below is game on food testing by Geeks & Freaks group

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CHAPTER 6: VOICE RESPONSE & INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE INTERFACE 

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CHAPTER 6: VOICE RESPONSE & INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE INTERFACE 

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Contributor: All the Sapheiros Team members
Attached below is the Slide Presentation of Chapter 6.

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Title: Dynamically Automated Interactive Voice Response System for Smart City Surveillance

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Title: Dynamically Automated Interactive Voice Response System for Smart City Surveillance

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| Type | : | 2016 IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT)
| Reference | : | Saqquaf, S., Araballi, S., Bhagyalakshmi, P., Mahadeek, S., & Varsha, B. (2016). Dynamically automated interactive voice response system for smart city surveillance. 2016 IEEE International Conference On Recent Trends In Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT). doi: 10.1109/rteict.2016.7808017
| Reviewer’s Name | : | Emilda Iling

Saqquaf et.al (2016) wrote about the implementation of Interactive Voice Response (IVR) for college students to acquire any information in an easy way. the scholars can access any devices that appropriate and compatible with the application. The accomplished of the IVR operation thru conventional techniques which are technological, well timed and automated fool-proof manner have been used by managing the customer queries. Consequently, this operation system much like an actual customer operator as shown in figure below.

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Title: Voice Response System of Color and Pattern on Clothes for Visually Handicapped Person

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Title: Voice Response System of Color and Pattern on Clothes for Visually Handicapped Person

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| Type | : | Article
| Reference | : | Miyake, M., Manabe, Y., Uranishi, Y., Imura, M., & Oshiro, O. (2013). Voice Response System of Color and Pattern on Clothes for Visually Handicapped Person. 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC),4695-4697. doi:10.1109/embc.2013.6610595
| Reviewer’s Name | : | Beverly Dayang Nathan

Visually handicapped person are either born blind or they loss their vision at a certain time of their life. One of the struggles that a visually impaired person has to face daily is recognising the colour of the clothes they wear (Miyake et.al, 2013). They are unable to determine the colour and pattern of the clothes they are wearing alone. To help them in this problem, a basic system is proposed which can recognise colours and patterns on clothes. This prototype system uses voice response to inform the person when the device detects the colour and pattern of the clothes. Interactive Voice Response (IVR) is integrated in this proposed system to verbally tell the user the result of the colour and pattern. This paper discuss the expression of a colour and pattern, the technology to recognise them in different types of environment, correction formula for camera colour space and results of evaluation experiments.

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Title: The Pros and Cons of Interactive Voice Response

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Title: The Pros and Cons of Interactive Voice Response

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| Type | : | Blog Article
| Reference | : | Clark,A.(2014, April 29). The Pros and Cons of Interactive Voice Response. Retrieved November 7, 2018 from https://iwantitnow.walkme.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-interactive-voice-response/
| Reviewer’s Name | : | Ezra Kuling Belong

Clark (2014) says that Interactive Voice Response is a kind of technology advancement which usually allows a computer to interact with human being. In telecommunication, IVR normally consumers to interact with a firm’s host system through speech recognition or telephone keypad after they in position to service their personal inquiries by follows the IVR dialogue. The cons of IVR system are can be used for the wrong in the wrong ways and has difficult or long menus that hard to understand.

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Title: What is Interactive Voice Response (IVR) System?

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Title: What is Interactive Voice Response (IVR) System?

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| Type | : | Blog Article
| Reference | : | What is Interactive Voice Response (IVR System)? (2017, September 16). Retrieved from https://www.tenfold.com/what-is/interactive-voice-response/
| Reviewer’s Name | : | Doreen Tony

Article of “What is Interactive Voice Response (IVR System) says that the IVR system stand of to five benefits that will show a full performance for customer services. First of all, the IVR system show up as a professional and always on track on the company’s stability and focus on the customer support. Other than that, with IVR system it helps to resolve or figure out the issues even before engaging or being transferred with an actual agent to handle the type of question that is needed to be answer according to the customer needs. Whereby, some of the question that is asked can be resolved with a simple database queries. The IVR system helps to improve the call being processed efficiently, for instance, the agent intervention will be shortened as the first call is being transmitted to the IVR system to handle the transaction to which exact agent that meets with the customer service requirement. This also contribute to reduce the cost of operations because the IVR system will replace the large number of agents and the office receptionist also can be replaced to be working under the company.

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Title: Marathi Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS) using MFCC and DT

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Title: Marathi Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS) using MFCC and DT

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| Type | : | Journal
| Reference | : | Baheti R.M., Gawali W.B., & Mehotra C.S. (2015). Marathi Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS) using MFCC and DTW. International Journal of Computer Applications 125(15):38-43. Published by Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), Ny, USA. doi: 10.5120/ijca2015906242
| Reviewer’s Name | : | Jessica Shirley anak Nerry

Baheti et.al (2015), has done a research objectively to develop an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) system for the rural agricultural purpose using the Marathi recognition. They have stated that the studies shown that there is a substantial “digital divide” that prevents the citizens especially those illiterate rural people from using the emerging technology. They believe that using the automatic recognition of speech, it will enable a natural and easy to use method of communication between human and machine. Therefore, the research is done to use the Speech Recognition technology in Marathi Language that will handle the queries of transactions. Thus, the main goal of speech-enabled applications will always been to allow callers to possess the important information and perform transactions by speaking naturally rather than have to typing commands or navigating through some prompted menu.

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Title : Users’ Perceived Difficulties and Corresponding Reformulation Strategies in Google Voice Search 

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Title : Users’ Perceived Difficulties and Corresponding Reformulation Strategies in Google Voice Search 

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Type : Article
Reference | : | Jeng, W., Jiang, J., & He, D. (2016). Users’ Perceived Difficulties and Corresponding Reformulation Strategies in Google Voice Search . Journal of Library and Information Studies, 14(1), 25-39.
Reviewer’s Name | : | Mohd Hazim Afiq b. Kalana

Summary

Despite the usefulness of voice search, users still have various difficulties in using the voice-search system on their mobile device. In Jeng et al. (2016) interview session on usage of voice search system, they have encounter many issues being described by the users. Jeng et al. (2016) have stated the example of the issues that being faced by users are the challenges of search using voice input rather than using keyboard, certain types of words that are not easily being recognized, the suitable solutions or strategies whenever users encounters errors in voice input, the affective feelings of users when the system recognition generates an errors and types of situations in which users prefer to use or not to use voice search system. Therefore the functions that need to be redesigned are developing more prone voice input errors, system able to proposed topic familiarity and complexity, reformulate the query function to be able perceived more difficult words, recognize the acronyms and single-worded, creating clues or recommendation algorithm, able to frequently recognized confusing words and improves in perceiving words with uncertainty pronunciation (Jeng et al., 2016). Moreover, one of the biggest issues also is current voice response systems have hard times in recognizing the variety of accent. Jeng et al. (2016) further stated that most of companies such as Google need to perceive the issues and redesign their voice search system especially the formulation of voice queries and improving the recognition of words and speech to be able to provide accurate information search and presentation to users.

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Title : Artificial Intelligence and Customer Communication

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Title : Artificial Intelligence and Customer Communication

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Type :Article
Reference | : | Alzahrani, H. (2016). Artificial Intelligence and Customer Communication. Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 16(1), 1-3.
Reviewer’s Name | : | Mohd Hazim Afiq b. Kalana

Summary

The rapid development and research in speech and interactive voice response system has gaining attraction especially in customer support. Many companies have slowly shift their services from manual to automated system with fully supported IVR system. In most cases, the customers have acknowledge the IVR system in shaping towards more high quality customer interaction services. Alzahrani (2016) further discussed in Gatner research, 89% of organizations have stated the importance in focusing the client experience and 70% of customers have agreed to pay more for the brand that able to provide smooth and enjoyable customer service. At this point, integrating IVR in a system alone is not enough and it needed integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The poor conversationalist robots will be replaced and supplanted with AI programs that able to work efficiently and consistently with clients requests over time. In order to achieve the fully fledged AI with IVR capabilities, the AI program are being developed based on the three criteria. The first criteria as being stated Alzahrani (2016) is the Artificial Intelligence have the capacity to speak and respond similar to human tone or language. Secondly, the AI able to react accordingly towards the emotion depicts by the client’s tone and give correct respond (Alzahrani, 2016). Lastly, the AI program has been built up to handle and respond bulk emails and answer messages in mass.

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Title : Evaluation of Google’s Voice Recognition and Sentence Classification for Health Care Applications

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Title : Evaluation of Google’s Voice Recognition and Sentence Classification for Health Care Applications

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Type : Article
Reference | : | Uddin, M. M., Huynh, N., Vidal, J. M., Taaffe, K. M., Fredendall, L. D. & Greenstein J. S. (2015). Evaluation of Google’s Voice Recognition and Sentence Classification for Health Care Applications. Engineering Management Journal, 27, 152-162.
Reviewer’s Name | : | Mohd Hazim Afiq b. Kalana

Summary

In healthcare and hospitals settings, communication between departments and workers especially the doctors have been improved throughout using the interactive voice response system. Uddin et al. (2015) has described the main potential on integrating IVR system in healthcare environment is the ability to simplify the management tasks. Using voice recognition system, the workers able to reduce the time to search the reports and documentation significantly because the system able to transfer spoken words into text or command. Other current applications of IVR in healthcare system are allowed the anesthesiologists to enter the medication details and observation simultaneously and decrease the report turnaround time compared to conventional dictation method. However, the IVR system still comes with limitation such as more prone to errors than keyboard, need large vocabulary size, the continuity of speech and dependent of speaker efficiency on expressing the speech (Uddin et al., 2015). Also, the workers need to attend priori training in order to verify their capability in using the system under different conditions. Therefore, Uddin et al. (2015) further described that there are much work to do to improve the efficiency of IVR system in healthcare setting such as creating specializes data collection device, using more accurate data collection procedure and selecting the best text classification algorithms.

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Title: Voice Recognition Software- An Introduction

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Title: Voice Recognition Software- An Introduction

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| Type | : | Paper-Blog
| Reference | : | BBC-MMIX. (2009). Voice Recognition Software-An Introduction. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/guides/factsheets/factsheet_VR_intro.pdf
| Reviewer’s Name | : | Jessica Shirley anak Nerry

According to BBC-MMIX (2009), voice recognition can be simply described as if the user is talking to the computer and the words appear on the screen. The software with the purpose of providing a fast method of writing on a computer and can assist people with various disabilities. Voice recognition software also able to help those with spelling difficulties.

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Title: Intelligent Automated Agent and Interactive Voice Response For a Contact Center

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Title: Intelligent Automated Agent and Interactive Voice Response For a Contact Center

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| Type | : | United State Patent Article
| Reference | : | Costello et al. (2015). Method for analysing an interactive voice response system. United State Patent. Retrieved from https://patents.google.com/patent/US8934618B2/en Diedhiou, A., Gilroy, K. E., Cox, C. M., Duncan, L., Koumtingue, D., Pacqué-Margolis, S., … Bailey, R. (2015). Successful mLearning Pilot in Senegal: Delivering Family Planning Refresher Training Using Interactive Voice Response and SMS. Global Health, Science and Practice, 3(2), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220
| Reviewer’s Name | : | Ranjita Chandragesan

Costello et.al (2015) stated that a system for a contact center includes: a processor; an interactive voice response (IVR) node configured to engage in an incoming interaction from a customer to the contact center. Customer contact centers handle huge sums of interaction between clients and one or more ventures, such as companies or other organizations. For case, contact centers may give centralized client benefit and back capacities. This interaction and client benefit are regularly taken care of by contact center agents, agents (live agents, for example, answering telephone calls, responding to e-mails, conducting live chats, making outbound calls, etc.) A single contact center may benefit numerous companies, for illustration, on an outsourced premise, permitting comparable client benefit work performed by the companies to be solidified and run more efficiently.

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QUIZ ACHIEVEMENT SCORED BY ONE OF OUR TEAMMATES: HAZIM

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QUIZ ACHIEVEMENT SCORED BY ONE OF OUR TEAMMATES: HAZIM

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The quiz was conducted by the group of Belle Femme, on Olfactory Interface

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OUR BELOVED LECTURER - A GIFT OF THE DAY

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OUR BELOVED LECTURER - A GIFT OF THE DAY

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Not to forget, for our one and only Sir Jonathan :)

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Won by Vulpes Team

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Won by Ohana Team

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Won by Error404 Team.

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REMINDER TASK DIVISION AND CONTENT MAKING

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REMINDER TASK DIVISION AND CONTENT MAKING

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SKETCH OF TASK DIVISION ON CONTENT PRESENTATION

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SKETCH OF TASK DIVISION ON CONTENT PRESENTATION

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We have divided the task on content making among the team members.

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DISCUSSION ABOUT OUR CONTENT PRESENTATION ON 12/11/2018

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DISCUSSION ABOUT OUR CONTENT PRESENTATION ON 12/11/2018

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The discussion is conducted at SIR Room.

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A PEEK OF INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE (IVR)

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A PEEK OF INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE (IVR)

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Chapter 5: : Auditory Interface (Summary)

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Chapter 5: : Auditory Interface (Summary)

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Ranjita Chandragesan

Overview

-  Auditory interfaces are bidirectional, communicative connections between two systems typically a human user and a technical product.

-  The side toward the machine involves machine listening, speech recognition, and dialog systems.

-  The side toward the human uses auditory displays.

-  These can use speech or primarily non-speech audio to convey information.

-  Auditory displays are not new and have been used as alarms, for communication, and as feedback tools for many decades.

-  Some of the needs that can be met through auditory displays include:

o   presenting information to visually impaired people,

o   providing an additional information channel for people whose eyes are busy attending to a different task

o   alerting people to error or emergency states of a system

o   providing information via devices with small screens such as PDAs or cell phones that have a limited ability to display visual information.

Sonification of Complex Data

-  Sonification is the use of nonspeech sound to render data, either to enhance the visual display or as a purely audio display.

-  Sonification is routinely used in hospitals to keep track of physiological variables such as those measured by electrocardiogram (ECG) machines.

-  Audio output can draw the attention of medical staff to significant changes in patients while they are otherwise occupied.

Audification

-  A very basic type of auditory display, called audification, is simply presenting raw data using sound.

-  everything from very-low-frequency seismic data to very-high-frequency radio telescope data can be transformed into perceptible sound.

-  Listeners can often derive meaningful information from the audification.

Symbolic/Semantic Representations of Information

-  GUIs use icons to represent different software programs or functions within a program.

-  The auditory equivalents of visual icons are auditory displays known as auditory icons and earcons.

-  These displays are very useful in translating symbolic visual artifacts into auditory artifacts

-  An example of an auditory icon is the paper—"crinkling" noise that is displayed when a user empties the Trash folder.

-  Earcons are a technique of representing functions or items with more abstract and symbolic sounds

Why Sound is Used

A very common reason why sound may be used in an interface is to reinforce a visual message, such as an alert. Other reasons:

-  Reducing visual overload:Visual interfaces tend to be busy, filling as much of the screen as possible with information.

-  When eyes are elsewhere:Since sound can be perceived from all directions, it is ideal for providing information when the eyes are otherwise occupied.

-  When audio is more informative:Humans are very good at hearing patterns in sound.

-  Small or no visual display:Sound is therefore a good candidate for augmenting or replacing a visual interface.

-  Conveying emotion:The aesthetics of sound can have a great impact on the user's impression/feelings.

Drawbacks to Using Sound

-  Annoyance:Sound is very good at drawing the user's attention. However, the urgency of the sound should be relative to the importance of the information.

-  Privacy:Sound is omnidirectional and thus cannot be directed at a single user unless they are using a headset or a handset.

-  Auditory overload:Displaying too much information in sound can result in that information losing meaning and being interpreted as noise.

-  Interference/masking:sounds can interfere or mask one another. Environmental sounds can also cause interference and/or masking.

-  Lack of familiarity:Sounds take a while to get to know and can be initially confusing to users

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Contributor: Ezra Kuling Belong

Locomotion interface are energy-extractive devices that, in a confined space, simulate unrestrained human mobility such as walking and running for virtual reality. Locomotion display is the presentation of mechanical stimuli to simulate the various aspects of natural locomotion.
Locomotion interfaces:

-          Enable users to move around in real or virtual spaces

-          Make users feel as if they are moving

Locomotion (used by life scientists)

-          The act of an organism moving itself from one place to another

Locomotion (for humans)

-          Walking, running, crawling, jumping, swimming and so on

Implementation:

-          Treadmills

-          Treadmill-like devices

-          Walking interfaces

Future Trends
-         New tracker technologies
-         Reducing the physical space needed for real walking interfaces
- Changing economics

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Journal for Interactive Voice Response Interface

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Contributor: Doreen Tony
Gesture interface is an alternative or complement to existing interface techniques. This interface take part on the movement of the body and face as the nonverbal communication that complements to a verbal communication. For example that could easily be classify as a gesture interface is the iGesture Pad that function as the alternative to mouse.

Example of Gesture Interfaces Technology
-Kinect
-Interactiive Whiteboard
-Tablets
-Touchless Gesture Recognition PCs

Mechanical and Tactile -  A gesture that relies on the mechanical and magnetic input devices
Example:
-Data Glove
-Body Suit
-Nintendo Wii

Computer Vision Interfaces - A gesture that aims to produce a gesture interface that is invisible to the user
Algorithm:
-Segmentation
-Tracking
-Classification
Example:
-CamBoard Pico 3D Camera

Face Gaze and Expression - A computer vision that detect the facial expressions.
Input Modalities:
-Facial expressions used for instance, a disabled people who cannot make any movement other facial, such as blinking or smiling
Example:
-Facial Emotions

Applicability
-VR enviroments or Virtual-Reality enviroments
-Intelligent rooms
-Medical tools during surgery
-Medical or military simulator
-Replacements : WIMP (windows, icons, mouse, pointers) applications

The gesture interface is a good way leading to a future trend or generation in a way to enhance the immersive feeling in a virtual-reality application is being a applied in a daily life to the limit where user experience feel more natural.

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One of our members, Hazim participated in the quiz session conducted by Vulves group

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Contributor: Beverly Dayang Nathan (55292)

The word “haptic” refers to sensing and manipulation through the sense of touch. Some of the types of human haptic sensing includes tactile or cutaneous touch, kinesthetic or proprioception touch sensations and haptic sensation. Today, we see more and more technologies around us using haptic interface. Examples of technologies that use haptic interface includes Haptic paddle, Sensible Phantom Omni, Cyber Globe or Cyber Grasp and The Novint FalconR Controller. Haptic interfaces are also used in many different fields such as medicine, education and entertainment. Some limitations of haptic interface is that haptic being a new technology requires a very high initial investmentand hence is very costly, the devices are usually bulky and haptic data is usually heavy which requires greater bandwidth. However, we hope to see more technologies using haptic interface in the future.

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We all were given snacks as gift to our well participation in the quiz session conducted by iNoted group.

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Here we are !, Finished our logo design happily.

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Contributor: Mohd Hazim Afiq b. Kalana
Definition of olfactory interfaces

Device that provide users with information through smells

Olfactory interface is based on generating smell and deliver smell.

The generating smell usually involves vaporisation either by destroying odour molecules in high temperature or making fine mist.Deliver smell usually involves a device that able to deliver smell to user

Some of advantage olfactory interfaces are reducing stress, subconsciously change mood of user and enhance memory

There are several limitation for the interface such as difficulty on finding natural odours and some olfactory disorders that users suffer.

There already some new tech that integrating olfactory interface such as smell-o-vision and FeelReal.

Future trends for olfactory interface is making it more practical and common to users.

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The beginning phase of drawing our logo

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Contributor: Emilda Iling
Nontraditional interfaces involve our senses but some of the technologies has moving into mainstream products.
Example:
Haptic interfaces – sense of touch and body movement
- Gesture interfaces – hand and face movement
- Speech and hearing
- Olfactory interfaces – sense of smell
- Taste Interface how a taste is accurately represented to simulate a real taste

Design Principles for Non-Traditional Interfaces

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Sapheiros Team started to colour and beautify the logo