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Water Torture:

Dunking:

Dunking is the most well-known and commonly used of all water tortures. It is designed mainly for witches.  The  victim was tied on a chair and elevated or lowered by the torturer (Always a man). IIHF the person was unwilling to cooperate with the torturer and confess, they were lowered. If they were going to pass out they were lifted. If lowered enough, the accused would be dunked in a river. If they did not confess still, they would die of drowning.

Drops of Water:

A very painful method of torture, consisted of fixing the accused’s head to a tube where small drops of water which drop exactly on the victims head, resulting in perforation.

The Cauldron:

The victim was placed in a caldron attached to chains, in freezing cold water. Then the caldron wa placed over a fire, thus the victim is boiled and cooked to death.

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The Brazen bull was a torture device in the Roman Empire. It was used to kill Christians, such as Saint Eustace and his entire family. The tortured person was put into a metal cage that was made to look like a bull. Inside the victim would be hanged and fires would be set around the bull. There was a series of tubes and stops that distorted the victim’s screams so that it sounded like an enraged bull. It was designed in such as way that the smoke rose in spicy fumes of incense and according to legend, after the body was completely charred the bones ‘shone like jewels and were used to make bracelets’. The creator of the Brazen Bull, Perillos, was the first victim of the device.

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Judas cradle is a device with a pyramid at the top. Wrongdoers are slowly lowered onto the pyramid which goes into their private area. There are many variations of this torture such as oiling the device, adding weights to the legs of the person being tortured, rocking the victim or repeatedly dropping the victim on the pyramid. It lasted for a few hours to several days and the device was never cleaned. If the victim didn’t die from the torture, they would have died from the infection from the device.

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The Pear of Anguish was a way to torture women who conducted a miscarriage, liars, blasphemers and homosexuals during the Middle Ages. A pear-shaped instrument was inserted into one of the victim’s orifices ( the private area for women, the anus for homosexuals and the mouth for liars and blasphemers). The Pear of Anguish consisted of four leaves that could slowly separate as the the torturer turned the screw at the top. It was the decision of the torturer whether to simply tear the skin or expand it to its maximum and mutilate the victim.

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Decimates and pulverises the knee with a number of multi-sized spikes, ranging from three to 20, depending on the victim.

The blocks were drawn together with two massive screws, and sometimes the spikes would be heated to cause more pain.

It was used as a punishment technique, as death was seldom caused, but rendered the knee permanently useless.

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Stock torture:

• Large wooden boards connected by hinges

• To restrain the person - different to the pillory

• Had boards placed around wrist and ankles - pillory restrained the neck and arms
• Were allowed to be insulted, kicked, tickled, spat on or face inhumane acts in the Bible.

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Rat torture was a form of torture which was done by putting a container of rats on a person. The container would be heated up and the rats would chew through their only escape route - the human body. Another way this torture was used was by releasing starved rats on a human.

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The Head Crusher was a torture device widely used throughout the Middle Ages, particularly in the Inquisition. It was used with the intent to torture or execute the accused. Through excruciating pain, the device was often used to successfully extract confessions.

The metal torture device featured a plate that the victim’s jaw sat on, which was connected to the head cap by a frame. The torturer would slowly twist the top handle, which decreased the gap between the plate and head cap. This, as its infamous name denotes, slowly and painfully crushed the head. First the teeth were destroyed and the jaw shattered. Then the eyes were squeezed out of their sockets. Some head crusher variants had special containers at the front to catch the eyes. If the victim did not die from the agonising pain, which could last for hours, the skull would fracture and all of its contents inside would spill out. Some torturers would repeatedly strike the metal cap with a hammer, each blow delivering an echoing pain throughout the victim’s body. If the torture was stopped midway, the damage done to the brain, jaw and eyes was usually irreparable.

By Harry Jenkins

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The Chair of Torture is a chair with spikes covering the back, armrest, seat, legrests and footrest. Two bars push the arms against the armrest to penetrate the flesh even further. In some versions, there were holes under the chair's bottom, where the torturer placed coal to cause severe burns. It created psychological fear to the victims, to extract a confession from them. Sammi&Nyna 🙈

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Exposure was a form of torture where the victim would be secured with a chain on to the ground, and left there to be eaten by insects and animals. Often, however, the victim would die of hydration or hunger instead.

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The Rack Torture
Toshi Butlin

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Lead Sprinkler

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Sofia Yanes Sanchez
Flaying is a form of torture in the Middle Ages that entails skinning people alive. It can either be a form of execution or torture depending how much skin is removed.

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• To force a confession or punish one for multiple small crimes

It is where one’s feet are placed in a strap so they cannot move and red hot coal is placed underneath their feet. They place a screen between the feet and coal once a confession has been made or the bone can be seen protruding from the foot.

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Coffin torture was a cruel and harsh method of torture and execution in the Middle Ages. The victim was placed inside the cage, which was excruciatingly uncomfortable. The time left in the ‘coffin’ depended on the crime; in the the most serious of crimes, such as blasemy, the victim would remain in the device until death, with animals eating their flesh. These were often placed in public spaces fortune public to scorn the victim and consequently fear the torture.

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Flagellation, or whipping wa s era common in Rome and was still used in the Middle Ages, mainly in the army where it was a very common form of punishment. The British ray used flagellation to punish minor offences. The amount of whipping depended on the victims crime, could even die while being whipped because of infection, lack of blood or damage to organs. Towns often has a post in the main plaza for the sole purpose of displaying public whippings. It was mai my used for deserters, theives and traitors. There were also different types of whites which has small metal spikes. They could cause feared skin, eye damage or even the loss of a vital organ.

RHEA AND RUCHA

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The heretics fork was instrument consisting of two dual-pronged forks set against each other and tied around the victims neck, and penetrated the flesh under the chin in one end, and the upper chest in the other. This instrument often harmed the neck of the victim, a well as potentially spreading an infection or disease. The victim’s hands were bound behind their back, preventing any chance of escape. Heretics (hence the name) and witches were subjected to this, and it was used after a confession to prevent the victim from talking any more. It was also used to keep victims from sleeping.

By Lucy and Sandi

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The Breaking Wheel, also known as the Catherine Wheel, was used as a torture device for capital punishment. It was a public execution, breaking the criminals bones, or the criminal being bludgeoned to death. Once the criminals bones were broken, he was left on the wheel to die, sometimes placed on a tall pole so that the birds could feed from the still-alive person. It was used in the 18th century; as a form of post-mortem punishment. The death could be prolonged until a day or more. The wheel was reserved for hated criminals, those who had committed capital crimes.

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Yuliana Chen

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The Wheel Torture (Breaking Wheel) - Lydia H.

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The Wheel Torture (Breaking Wheel) - Lydia H.

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Wheels were adapted to many torturous uses. They could be part of a stretching rack, but medieval torturers were far too creative to leave it at that. Early torturers were fond of tying someone to a large wooden wheel, then pushing it down a rocky hillside.

One of the most horrible wheel tortures was crucifixion. The victim would have the bones in all four limbs broken in two places by strikes from an iron bar. Then, the shattered limbs were threaded through the spokes of a large wheel. Finally, the wheel would be attached to the top of a tall wooden pole and left out in the sun for days. The victim might be alive for hours, enduring the agony of his or her mangled arms and legs and the relentless sun, not to mention the attentions of crows.