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To augment something is to add to or enhance it. As such, AR adds visuals, sounds and touch feedbacks to the physical reality, creating an enhanced experience.

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The basic principle of AR is the overlaying of projected imaged over real-world perspectives. The display can be done through a variety of displays such as screens, monitors and handheld devices.

The process of simulating AR consists of 3 major steps:
1. Recognition: this is done through the sensors or cameras which recognize an object in the real world and gather data about the real world interactions such as the user's movements and location.

2. Tracking: the software used for tracking determines the placement of the virtual media in a 3D space (in this case, the real world) by running algorithms. Depth sensors are used to detect depth perception and the rendering of 3D models.

3. Mixing: the final step is the integration of the gathered data about the surroundings and the rendered models. This is done by combiners.

Traditionally, AR processes use two types of combiners:

Polarized beam combiners or flat combiners; which are cheaper, and more readily available of the two. The disadvantage of these combiners is that while being compact in size, they have limited FOV and display capacities thereby limiting the quality of the final image. These combiners are used in Google Glasses and Epson's Smart Glasses.

The second kind of conventional combiner is the off-axis or 3D combiner. These are more advanced, with higher FOV and resolution but also come with a relatively higher price tag. The downside to these combiners is that they are bulkier and harder to manage. An example of the off-axis combiner is Meta 2.

Another form of combiners still under development is the waveguide combiners. This form of combiner uses TIR in a waveguide pipe to form a high-resolution high FOV image while being lightweight as well as relatively small in size. (Parmar, 2018)

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•Medical students use AR technology to practice surgery in a controlled environment.

• Enhanced GPS systems use augmented reality to make it easier to get from point A to point B.

•There are a number of applications for augmented reality in the sightseeing and tourism industries.

•With recent advances in computing power and technology, gaming applications in augmented reality are on the upswing Eg: Pokemon Go

•Used for advertising and promotion Eg: Layar Reality Browser