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participles are words formed from a verb (e.g., going, gone, being, been ) but used as an adjective or noun (e.g., adjectives: working woman, burned toast) (e.g., nouns: good breeding, excellent writing). Though you can technically uses these in conflicts as nouns ("fitting in," for instance) they tend to be vague (who's fitting in? into what?).  Remember than in conflicts, these nouns identify forces -- things that get things done, make things happen, etc. See if you can rephrase these participles by using more traditional nouns -- "desire" and "belief" are the most likely to work. (I put this up after lunch, so if you missed it, I get it).

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Whenever you're talking about "reality," you're going to have to be more specific. "Reality" contains a LOT. Which element of reality? Which part of it? Which aspect? etc. Some other nouns may be similarly huge ("future," "self,"

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Any time one thing is part of another thing, it's going to be hard for them to be a clear conflict. Her identity is part of who she is, for instance. Her cultures are part of who she is. To clear that up, articulate what part of her or what quality of hers is in conflict with what element or what quality of the other thing. So: "Montag vs. reading" won't work. "The difficulty Montag faces because of his lack of education vs. his desire to make meaning out of what he reads" would definitely work.

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"desires" will always need to be more specific (E''s desire for what vs. her desire for what)

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When you're talking about internal forces, certain words are helpful.  Our desires often come into conflict with one another (desire to hurry vs. desire to pay attention to detail).  Beliefs often come into conflict with one another (a belief in one's own abilities vs. a belief that one is helpless).

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sometimes people list two things that aren't actually in opposition to one another. If they're not parallel, it won't work (happiness vs. electricity... how does one get in the way of the other?). The two things have to be in the same plane, so to speak, to interfere with one another.

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sometimes abstract nouns can work for conflicts ("desire for friends") without too much commentary, but other abstract nouns ("culture," "social class") might require a lot.  Which culture?Which social class?  What element of the culture? etc.

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Conflicts have to begin fairly early on in the novel, at least if they're major conflicts. I'd say if it starts more than... a 5th of the way in? A quarter of the way in, for sure -- then it may be a momentary conflict, but can't be a main one.

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If it's not Noun vs Noun, it's not a conflict!

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sometimes people write "E vs [this thing she wants and doesn't have]."  If she wants it, she's not opposed to it, right?  I would imagine what opposes a desire is either a) a conflicting desire (a desire to be lazy vs. a desire to be productive) or b) the forces that get in the way of achieving that desire (desire for an education vs. the lack of money to pay for tuition).

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"Esperanza vs. __" is always going to be tricky.  What part of Esperanza, vs. what part of Esperanza?  If it's her (all of her) vs. something within her, then it's not a conflict (i.e., "everything about Esperanza, including her embarrassment," vs. "her embarrassment."  Problematic.  But E's pride in her name vs. her shame because of her name: that's a conflict.

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Esperanza's desire for a "better" life vs her reality

pg. 4 when Esperanza talked about the house she wants and how the house on Mango Street is different than the house she has always dreamed of.

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Esperanza's dignity vs poverty

pg. 5
"You live there?"
"I knew then I had to have a house. A real house."

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Esperanza vs. names
-begins when she starts talking about all of the streets that she used to live on(pg 3)  and then starts to feel shameful of her own name. (pg 10-11).

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Esperanza's conditional friend vs. the potential for more friends
pg.  15 "Cathy is tugging my arm and I know whatever I do next will make her mad forever."

Esperanza here struggles to decide whether to go with her gut and buy the bike with Lucy and Rachel or maintain her friendship with Cathy. Esperanza previously deals with this conflict when talking about her name, but this is the first instance where it has a noticeable impact on her life

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Esperanza against expectations in society is an important conflict. The conflict begins on page 9 when Esperanza talks about how she wants friends that she can tell her secrets to.

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Esperanza vs Loneliness
P. 9 "Someday I will have a best friend of my own. One I can tell secrets to. One who will understand my jokes without me having to explain them. Until then I am a red Ballon, a ballon tied to an anchor"

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Esperanza's pride in her name vs. her shame because of her name
pg. 11 - "... a new name, a name more like the real me, the one nobody sees."
pg. 15 - "...---anything but Esperanza---but when I tell them my name they don't laugh."
Esperanza has a love/hate relationship with her name, not knowing truly how to feel. It is complicated and hard to say for English speakers, which is most people in her life, but in Spanish it is beautiful and soft.

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the feeling of being accepted/fitting in vs the feeling of being judged by other people
This first arises in the first chapter when what the nun says makes Esperanza feel ashamed and out of place (pg. 5).

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Culture/bakground vs ignorance of others
Page. 12 "Then as if she forgot i just moved in, she says the neighborhood is getting bad"
Page. 14 "Don't talk to them, says Cathy. Can't you see they smell like a broom."
Frequently in the book people discriminate against others based off their appearance or who they are. However, they are acting ignorant because they lack the information to be saying the things they say, and it results in someone's feelings getting hurt.

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Esperanza's own identity vs. her heritage/legacy
"My Name", page 10

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Esperanza vs. fitting into her culture

My Name pg. 10 "...the Chinese, like the Mexicans, don't like their women strong."

In this chapter Esparanza is explaining the origin of her name and how she views the history of her great-grandmother. This is where the conflict with her culture starts to arise.

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a) Esperanza's expectations of her house vs. her house on Mango Street.
b) It begins on page 4, when she says, "They always told us...without a fence." Then on page 5 she realizes her house is not a good one when the nun approaches her and implies this. "You live there? ... I knew then I had to have a house. A real house."

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fitting into cultural values vs being her own person. pg. 10 "The Chinese, like the Mexicans, don't like their women strong." Esperanza struggles with adhering to her culture because historically women in her culture do not hold any power, but she wants to be her own woman.

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Esperanza vs. undesired future

p. 103, The Three Sisters

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Esperanza fitting-in vs Sticking out
pg. 5 - "You live there?" This is when Esperanza begins to feel much more insecure about her home and what people will think of her because of it.
pg. 11 - "At school they say my name funny as if the syllables were made out of tin and hurt the roof of your mouth."
pg. 15 -  "But I like them. Their clothes are crooked and old."
"But when I tell them my name they don't laugh."

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Esperanza vs. fitting into American society
"The special kids, the ones who wear keys around their necks, get to eat in the canteen. The canteen! Even the name sounds important.. Then she said she was sorry and said I could stay-just for today, not tomorrow or the day after-you go home" pg. 43

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Esperanza's expectations of the future vs. her desired future
page 11- "I don't want to inherit her place by the window"
Esperanza talks about what she sees for her future in earlier chapters, but here, she specifically states what she wants to avoid based on her grandmother's past
She wants to be successful in her future, and she sees that her way of life currently is not her ideal vision of herself.
She has the "American Dream" in mind and wants to be able to help those who don't have as much money in the future, but she is not there yet.

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Esperanza vs. Nenny
pg. 20 "But Nenny, who is stupider, already is asking how much..."

Esperanza doubts herself, and believes that if she is better than Nenny, then her insecurities will go away.

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Esperanza's personality vs her perceived image
pg. 11 -"I would like to baptize myself under a new name, a name more like the real me, the one nobody sees."  This chapter shows how Esperanza struggles with who she is as a person and tries to figure out a way to make certain aspects of herself more like the real her.

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Esperanza's sentimentality
vs.
Esperanza's reality

Page 86 "Bums in the Attic"

(That word "sentimentalist" is a real favorite, huh? ;) FYI, it may not be "sentimentality" at all; consider whether or not you're thinking of "idealism." -- Ms. A) Esperanza lets sentimentalist though guide her thinking, she does so in the pursuit happiness and the betterment of the world around her. This sentimentalism becomes a substitute for rationality. The notion of letting "bums" live in your house might sound kind and charitable, but it is very irrational.

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a) Esperanza vs making/ keeping friends
b) Cathy Queen of Cats pg. 12 (Esperanza's first friend is Cathy, who will only be her friend until Tuesday.)

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a) Esperanza as she is now vs being herself

b) Starts on page 11 My Name

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noun vs. noun