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A company of American troops killed the people of the village My Lai on March 16 1968. This vicious act was committed against unarmed civilians, more than 500 men, women, and children were rounded up and shot at close range. U.S. soldiers also committed numerous rapes. Many of the black-and-white images showed soldiers questioning prisoners, searching possessions, and burning huts. The U.S. Army covered the massacre up for a year before the press uncovered it, fueling the anti-war movement which divided the country.

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The united states, South Vietnam, Viet Cong, and North Vietnam formally sign “An Agreement Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam” in Paris. Due to South Vietnam’s unwillingness to recognize the Viet Cong’s Provisional Revolutionary Government, all references to it were confined to a two-party version of the document signed by North Vietnam and the United States—the South Vietnamese were presented with a separate document that did not make reference to the Viet Cong government. This was part of Saigon’s long-time refusal to recognize the Viet Cong as a legitimate participant in the discussions to end the war.

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Vietnamization was a strategy that aimed to reduce American Involvement in Vietnam by gradually transferring all military responsibilities to South Vietnam. This strategy was encouraged by President Nixon because of the growing rift in American society that the war was causing. This tactic tried to prepare South Vietnam to fight without American involvement by slowly drawing out troops and giving more military responsibility to the South.

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Vietnam Cong/National Liberation Front vs ARVN

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Vietnam Cong/National Liberation Front vs ARVN

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The Viet Cong was a Guerrilla force that fought against South Vietnam with the support of the North Vietnamese army during the late 1950's till' 1973. During this time period the National Liberation Front was founded by the North with the intention of overthrowing the South Vietnamese government and reuniting the two countries as a whole.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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In January of 1968, the North Vietnamese forces and the VietCong launched a simultaneous attack on multiple areas, mostly populated areas and places with heavy U.S. troop presence. The Viet Cong forces attacked 13 cities in central South Vietnam. Then 24 hours they struck other targets throughout South Vietnam, they targeted cities, towns, government buildings and military bases. There were in a total of more than 120 attacks. The attack was on the holiday Tet, it is their most important holiday on the Vietnamese calendar. In previous years, Tet had been the time for an informal truce between South Vietnam and North Vietnam.

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This was a system of trails and paths through the mountains and jungle. These ran through South Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos during the war. The purpose of these was to make it easier for troops and supplies from the North to be delivered down to the south. This was put into operation early in 1959, and expanded significantly by the 1960´s, but progress kept being slowed due to bombing from American troops. One trip from the north to the south usually took a month, but traffic jams were often caused due to the bombing. By 1974, some of the paths were paved, they were a well marked series of paths with underground hospitals, fuel-storage tanks, and weapon and supply storages. This helped to successfully invade South Vietnam.

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In May 1970, students protesting the bombing of Cambodia by United States military forces, clashed with Ohio National Guardsmen on the Kent State University campus. When the Guardsmen shot and killed four students and 9 students were injured on May 4, the Kent State Shootings became the focal point of a nation deeply divided by the Vietnam War.

Some of prominent ones included revelations that former President Lyndon Baines Johnson had misled the U.S. public about the Gulf of Tonkin Incident, which led to the escalation of U.S. involvement in Vietnam in late 1964.

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This was the code name that was used for an American bombing campaign during the Vietnam War. From March 1965 to October 1968, the US attacked North Vietnam from aircrafts. This marked the first major involvement of the United States during the war.

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In March of 1971, Daniel Ellsberg released classified documents on the Vietnam War to the press. The documents held sensitive information that was not shared with the public. The New York Times began to publish these and later went to the Supreme Court because it was “detrimental to U.S. national security”. The court ruled 6-3 in favor of the NYT because the government had failed to prove harm to national security.

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Powerful herbicide that the U.S. Military used in order to eliminate forest and crops from the Northern Vietnamese troops. The States sprayed more than 20 million gallons of various herbicides over Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos from 1961 to 1971. Agent Orange was the most commonly used herbicide, later proven to cause lasting health issues such as cancer, birth defects, and severe psychological and neurological problems.

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Search and Destroy was a commonly used US military strategy in the Vietnam war that aimed to wear down an enemy’s materials and men until they couldn’t fight any longer. The concept was designed by Gen. Westmoreland in 1965 to measure US success in Vietnam by counting the amount of dead enemy corpses.

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President Johnson went to Congress and got the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution passed on August 7, 1964 in reaction to two Navy destroyers, Maddox and Turner Joy, being fired on in the Gulf of Tonkin, right off the coast of North Vietnam.  The destroyers reported having been fired on on two separate occasions, though they were actually only fired on on August 2, and the other time was just a blip on the radar.  LBJ didn’t tell the American public about the knowledge that the second “attack” was just a blip.  The G.T. Resolution gave Johnson the green light to send troops to Vietnam, to escalate the conflict.