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By Regan Appleby and Sydney Belcher

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Potential aid:

Anesthetic- The American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery states that "no other single drug combines the anesthetic and vasoconstricting properties of cocaine.''

Cocaine causes a sense of euphoria

Where it comes from:

Coco leaves

Video

Administered:

Intranasal

Oral

Intravenous

Inhalation

Dosing:

Medical topical anesthetic concentrations

On the street Cocaine doses typically range from 30 – 70 mg

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How Coca Leaves Become Cocaine | Trafficked with Mariana van Zeller

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Why do people use it and how does it help in Sports Performance?

The Use of Cocaine in Sports:

speeds up the central nervous system

reduces fatigue

increases alertness and energy

increases heart rate and blood pressure

increases breathing and blood glucose levels

Allows athletes to feel that they are "speeding up".

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It is illegal in every state except Oregon where it is completely decriminalized.

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Every person reacts different. There are short term and long term side effects.

Side Effects a Person can Experience:

Short term:

sensitivity to light and sound

intense happiness

anger

decreased appetite

paranoia

Long term:

headaches

seizures

heart attack

mood problems

nosebleeds

etc..

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Regan:

Effects of acute intravenous cocaine on cardiovascular function, human learning, and performance in cocaine addicts

Authors: Bankole Johnson, Dennis Overton, Lynda Wells, Paul Kenny, David Abramson, Sukhjinder Dhother, Y.Richard Chena, Patrick Bordnick

Sydney:
Effects of Cocaine on Glycogen Metabolism and Endurance during High Intensity Exercise
Authors: Russell W. Braiden, Gilbert W. Fillingham, et al.

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BRAIDEN, R. U. S. S. E. L. L. W., FELLINGHAM, G. I. L. B. E. R. T. W., & CONLEE, R. O. B. E. R. T. K. (1994). Effects of cocaine on glycogen metabolism and endurance during high intensity exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 26(6), 695–700. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199406000-00007

Farache, D. (2019, October 15). How much cocaine does it take to overdose? Recovery By The Sea. Retrieved November 24, 2021, from https://rbsrehab.com/how-much-cocaine-does-it-take-to-overdose/.

Healthdirect Australia. (n.d.). Drugs in sport. healthdirect. Retrieved November 29, 2021, from https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/drugs-in-sport.

Johnson, B., Overton, D., Wells, L., Kenny, P., Abramson, D., Dhother, S., Chen, Y. Richard., & Bordnick, P. (1998). Effects of acute intravenous cocaine on cardiovascular function, human learning, and performance in cocaine addicts. Psychiatry Research, 77(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1781(97)00127-3

NIDA. 2021, October 5. How is cocaine used?. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/cocaine/how-cocaine-used on 2021, November 24.

Physiological implications of drug use and dopping in sports. (n.d.). Retrieved November 29, 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336253699_PHYSIOLOGICAL_IMPLICATIONS_OF_DRUG_USE_AND_DOPPING_IN_SPORTS.

Saleh, N. (2020, June 15). Is cocaine more than just a street drug? Verywell Mind. Retrieved November 24, 2021, from https://www.verywellmind.com/does-cocaine-have-any-legit-medical-uses-1124135.

WebMD. (2021, February 9). Cocaine: Short and long-term side-effects & treatment of addiction. WebMD. Retrieved November 29, 2021, from https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/cocaine-use-and-its-effects#1.

Westervelt, E. (2021, June 18). Oregon's pioneering drug decriminalization experiment is now facing the hard test. NPR. Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://www.npr.org/2021/06/18/1007022652/oregons-pioneering-drug-decriminalization-experiment-is-now-facing-the-hard-test.