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Extreme fire. Drought - huge impacts to wildlife. In southern ca it's the drought/mudslide/flooding combination. Projecting atmospheric rivers. More and more frequent.  Conversation to annual grasses = more slippage. Climate change makes this worse.  Perennial grasses and native trees like oaks, can provide more structure and stability.  Sea level rise and inundation in the south county and cities. increased salinity. water is a huge deal. lowering groundwater. seeps and streams are not running. saltwater intrusion.

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Jeffrey, Michael, Rune, Steven, Pelayo, Jasmine, Kelly

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Jeffrey, Michael, Rune, Steven, Pelayo, Jasmine, Kelly

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Ranking of Risk Priorities
Oak woodland:
Fire causing ecosystem type conversions (e.g.  oak woodland to grassland), Drought increasing browse pressure to seedlings from wildlife

Marshes:
Increasing salinity, fire (Steve);
eg. Brown's Island - differences between burn/no burn. Recovery of spp (rhizometous)Fire regenerated spp (possible increase in diversity) that go dormant when there is high thatch. Also could increase movement of wildlife. Needs more study. (Mike)
Summary - Increased Lepidium with droughts, Sea level rise, Increase salinity, Fire could change spp composition, but could also remove thatch

Vernal Pool Ecosystems:
Periodicity of vernal pools/playa lakes/swale depths. Inverts. How to characterize changes. Potential invasion of grasses, dry soils - rye grasses, potential indirect impacts. Keeping relationships in place with grazers (Jeffrey)
System that is adapted to long episodes of drought and large rainfall. Resilient species. Interaction between grazing and vernal pools is worth tracking. (Mike)
Summary - change in periodicity, agree that under most scenarios, habitat is diverse enough and spp adaptable enough to handle variation, management – work to prevent invasive annual grasses through grazing partnerships, deeper pools – some spp dependent

Grasslands:
Change on when we are getting precipitation can be favoring invasive annuals. Shallow wetting doesn't favor deeper root systems. (Jasmine)
January is when we get establishment of perennials(Jeffrey)
Summary - January = perennial establishment so dry January = worse for perennials, Increase soil organic matter

What can we do?
Struggling with mitigation management plans not being adaptable. eg. grazing after annuals have set seed and when the perennials are just beginning inflorescence
Increase organic matter to increase water absorption

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(atmospheric rivers)

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(estuaries)

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Black rail and salt marsh harvest mouse. Sea level rise and loss of habitat on the margins.  Storms can cause problems too. Especially the Black Rail. Estimates are that we'll lose significant edges of the estuaries.  Black raise are right on the edge of the marsh plain and likely to be impacted first. Storms limit their reproductive season.  the mouse has done well to move to safer places. but problematic if nowhere for them to go.  Most concerned about tiger salamanders.  Fairy shrimp have a shorter life cycle and do well with dry and wet cycles.  As long as we have wet cycles!  Even short ones, or mulitple ones per season works fine for vernal pool fairy shrimp.  other fairy shrimp and salamander need longer inundation periods. that's a problem.  Which species are more resilient? this should be part of our management considerations.   Rick says the goal of his work is to keep stability in the stream systems to keep more water in the streams so it soaks into the groundwater. Species that depend on fresh water are going to be the most challenging to manage with limited water. is there some way to capture more water in wet years to plan for the dry years. Some concern about timing of nectar source and species lifecycle - like the Callippe and other pollinator species.

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secure water sources for grazing and grassland management. Some invasive species are going to do much better in drought conditions and become an even bigger problem.  Outlawing of glyphosate will be problematic in controlling species like phragmites.  We might need to be more strategic about invasive species management.  Decline in pollinators has huge ecosystem implications.  Sometimes our weed management strategies might be harming the pollinators.  some "weeds" might be helping our pollinators.  Look at these invasive species as nectar sources during critical lifecycle stages for pollinators.  Monitoring is going to be more important than ever. As things are changing quickly, having the data before the change is even more important. Linkages to other strategic planning groups, like the adaptive management team for Suisun marsh. is there an upland version of this?

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Jeffrey, Michael, Rune, Steven, Pelayo, Jasmine, Kelly

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Jeffrey, Michael, Rune, Steven, Pelayo, Jasmine, Kelly

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Suisun thistle - federally listed. Rush Ranch population. Develop recovery plans. Longer, drier, Lepidium out competes, biennial, short-term climate events (Mike)
Ranchers - how is climate change going to impact relationships with grazers (Pelayo)

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Jeffrey, Michael, Rune, Steven, Pelayo, Jasmine, Kelly

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Jeffrey, Michael, Rune, Steven, Pelayo, Jasmine, Kelly

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Growing food and managing land (bridge gaps) - Pelayo
Have to spend more time and resources on people/relationships vs. habitat and land management at UC Davis reserves - Jeffrey

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risk from climate change? (e.g. Ca. Red-legged Frog, Ca. Tiger Salamander, Callippe Silverspot Butterfly, Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse, 

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Steve Chappell - the properties we own are so diverse. Climate change risks are different for each property. For some - sea level rise/increased salinity is the biggest threat (RR); drought a bigger deal in uplands and vernal pools; Jeff Clay - changes in land management are affecting the human component as well. Grazing management, recreation pressure. diverts away from restoration work. Mike V - we have grazing in common on all of these properties. the diversity of features is a great asset, but also complicates management. would be good to promote these linkages. terry H. - Thinking about pollinators. Invasives may have benefits of supporting pollinators. Rick P. thinking about how water moves in and out of a meadow system. We want to mimic natural flood conditions and reduce 25% of peak water flow and "store" it back in the ground.