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This statement is true and this is so because it relates to the principle of structure-dependency proposed by Chomsky (1988). Cook (1994) goes further to explain that this principle compels all languages to move parts of the sentence around in accordance with its structure rather than just the sheer order of words. In this sense, Spanish is not the exception since if we said, for example, "El perro que te gusta es un bulldog" and wanted to form a question, we would ask (1)"¿Es un bulldog el perro que te gusta?" instead of (2)"¿El perro te gusta que es un bulldog?" which we would reject since it sounds incorrect. This is so, because when forming questions by movement the human mind must rely on the phrase structure of the sentence, as Cook explains. If the human mind relied only on the sheer sequence of words to form a question we would have an example as in (2).

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The statement is false. Cook quotes Hyams (1986), who claims that young English children treat English initially as if it were a pro-drop language like Spanish, as they sometimes produce sentences without subjects, and learn moderately that subjects are important and compulsory in sentences. This is why Cook concludes that pro-drop is the unmarked setting from which all children start.

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It is by the use of nonsense that we can make hypotheses about the role of parts of sentences. Because of this, we are able to identify the elements contained in columns a, f and g as adverbs and adverbials. The elements contained in columns a and f are adverbs which modify verbs and sometimes entire sentences. They are flexible in terms of their position in a sentence, they can occur in initial, mid and end position. Their mobility depends largely on the sub-type and nature of the adverb and it does not affect the meaning of the sentence. Column a is composed of time words such as “then” and “suddenly”, and an adverb of possibility. The ones in column f express manner and are commonly identified by the -ly termination. These types of adverbs can be moved  without affecting  the meaning of the sentence; they can be placed in initial or end position. In column g, we can identify time and place adverbials which can also be moved to initial or mid position. This property of adverbs (mobility) serves the purpose of not only achieving grammaticality but also complying to the principles of end-focus and end-weight for the sake of emphasis, contrast and cohesion.

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The statement is false, as Hyams claims that young English children treat English initially as if it were a pro-drop language like Spanish, as they produce sentences without subjects, and learn moderately that subjects are important and compulsory in sentences. Pro-drop is the unmarked setting from which all children start. 

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French and English, share the same non-pro-drop parameter, which refers to the fact that some languages must have a subject in declarative sentences. So neither English nor French permit sentences without the subject and the people who speak these languages have tuned the parameter accordingly. However, they distinguish in another parameter called opacity, which is related to which elements precedes or which ones follow the verbs. In French, some grammatical elements must occur after the verb, while in English, they occur before it. For example, with the adverb often in English, it is possible to say: "John often drinks wine" but not “John drinks often wine”, whereas in French, it is possible to say “Jean boit sauvent du vin” but not “Jean sauvent boit du vin”. 

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Where: Quirk&Stein, p 179.
In arrangements (2) – (5), it will be seen that while columns b and c are fixed in relation to each other, as c is in relation to d, columns a, f and g permit some mobility. How much and with what effect?

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Although we are presented with a word in isolation, we can infer that “pleakful” is working as an adjective by looking at the suffix “ful” that is used to indicate that something has the quality of something else (the quality of “pleak”). Another way we can say that the word “pleakful” has the function of an adjective is the fact that, in context, we would find this word in an attributive position, that is, before a noun. All things said, it is important to point out that there are some exceptions to the suffix “ful” used to form adjectives, for example: “a handful of”, in this case the function of the word is a noun. 

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FALSE. Knowledge of words is closely tied to the syntax, since the native speaker has learnt how words behave in sentences as well as what they mean. Knowledge of vocabulary is especially important to principles (that do not vary from one person to another) and parameters (that vary according to the particular language the person knows) theory. Syntax is learnt unconsciously and has incidence in the way people use language, for example, a person who knows the word “faint”, knows not only its meaning but also how it is used in sentences. In other words, due to syntax, people know how to use language. 

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Below there is a sample of young children’s speech. Analyze it carefully so as to assess how much grammar has been learnt and how much remains to be learnt. (Handbook, p 13, Case A)

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Below there is a sample of young children’s speech. Analyze it carefully so as to assess how much grammar has been learnt and how much remains to be learnt. (Handbook, p 13, Case B)

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Below there is a sample of young children’s speech. Analyze it carefully so as to assess how much grammar has been learnt and how much remains to be learnt. (Handbook, p 13, Case C)

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We can say “a round table” and “he rounded the bend”, but pleakful is likely to have only one grammatical function. Which one? What aspect of morphology can account for that?

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Where: Quirk&Stein, p 179.
In arrangements (2) – (5), it will be seen that while columns b and c are fixed in relation to each other, as c is in relation to d, columns a, f and g permit some mobility. How much and with what effect?

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A good many grammatical words like “through” and “in” can be either adverbs or prepositions. How can one tell? Give a grammatical explanation for that.

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Which categories in Spanish grammar have no relevance for English, and which categories are equally necessary in describing both English and Spanish?

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After studying Cook’s (1994) chapter on Universal Grammar, decide whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F) and justify your choice.
1. In Spanish, the construction of a question depends on the structure of the sentence itself rather than on the sequence of the words in it.

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After studying Cook’s (1994) chapter on Universal Grammar, decide whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F) and justify your choice.
2. Any Spanish speaker will be able to identify a sentence like "da el libro me" as ungrammatical thanks to the principle of structure-dependency.

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After studying Cook’s (1994) chapter on Universal Grammar, decide whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F) and justify your choice.
3. Knowledge of syntax has no incidence on knowledge of vocabulary use.

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After studying Cook’s (1994) chapter on Universal Grammar, decide whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F) and justify your choice.
4. It is a fact that both Spanish and English kids start with a neutral setting for the pro-drop parameter.

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After studying Cook’s (1994) chapter on Universal Grammar, decide whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F) and justify your choice.
5. The notion of present, past and future time is a language principle.

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Below there is a sample of young children’s speech. Analyze it carefully so as to assess how much grammar has been learnt and how much remains to be learnt. (Handbook, p 13, Case A)

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Below there is a sample of young children’s speech. Analyze it carefully so as to assess how much grammar has been learnt and how much remains to be learnt. (Handbook, p 13, Case B)

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Below there is a sample of young children’s speech. Analyze it carefully so as to assess how much grammar has been learnt and how much remains to be learnt. (Handbook, p 13, Case B)

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We can say “a round table” and “he rounded the bend”, but pleakful is likely to have only one grammatical function. Which one? What aspect of morphology can account for that?

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After studying Cook’s (1994) chapter on Universal Grammar, decide whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F) and JUSTIFY your choice.
1. In Spanish, the construction of a question depends on the structure of the sentence itself rather than on the sequence of the words in it.

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A good many grammatical words like “through” and “in” can be either adverbs or prepositions. How can one tell? Give a grammatical explanation for that.

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Which categories in English grammar have no relevance for French, and which categories are equally necessary in describing both English and French?