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This is our virtual learning space! Feel free to post anything!

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This is our virtual learning space! Feel free to post anything!

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Optional, not compulsory

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https://us02web.zoom.us/j/89596357346?pwd=OGtlTlVlcW1tSTROVEQxSG1MaWFVUT09

Meeting ID: 895 9635 7346
Passcode: 700406

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1) Eagle Internal Survey
https://bit.ly/eval-eag

2) TRAQOM (SSG) Survey
Will be emailed to you upon course completion.

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https://asia.skillsbox.com

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Username:
SG0000XXXXXX

Password:
Eagle@icdlsXXX

XXX = first 3 digits of your NRIC

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https://youtu.be/8ypWCXDDc6c

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
ICDL 3 0 Advanced Presentation MS PowerPoint 2016 Diag Eng

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Q14, Q20 & Q25 have errors.

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https://pexels.com (Image + Video)

https://freeimages.com

https://unsplash.com

https://pixabay.com

https://freepik.com

https://flaticon.com

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https://quizizz.com/join
https://www.mentimeter.com/
https://www.sli.do/
http://worldwall.net/
https://classroomscreen.com/

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zoomit.com (for PC)
http://www.zoomitapp.com/ (Mac)

# data[].attributes.body
krisp.ai

# data[].attributes.body
to change Unit, this is the detailed steps. actually no need, coz can auto change, but if u OCD, can follow here, it’s depending on your computer control panel setting

https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/make-your-powerpoint-presentations-accessible-to-people-with-disabilities-6f7772b2-2f33-4bd2-8ca7-dae3b2b3ef25

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In this topic

Best practices for making PowerPoint presentations accessible

The following table includes key best practices for creating PowerPoint presentations that are accessible to people with disabilities.

What to fix

How to find it

Why fix it

How to fix it

Make sure slide contents can be read in the order that you intend.

Use the Accessibility Checker to find slides that have possible problems with reading order.

Try navigating your slides with a screen reader.

A screen reader reads the elements of a slide in the order they were added to the slide, which might be very different from the order in which things appear.

Add meaningful and accurate hyperlink text and ScreenTips.

To determine whether hyperlink text makes sense as standalone information, visually scan the slides in your presentation.

People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links.

Tip: You can also add ScreenTips that appear when your cursor hovers over text or images that include a hyperlink.

Create accessible hyperlink text and add ScreenTips

Ensure that color is not the only means of conveying information.

Select Start > Settings > Accessibility > Color filters.Turn on the Color filter switch, and then select Grayscale. Visually scan each slide in your presentation for instances of color-coding.

People who are blind, have low vision, or are colorblind might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors.

Use sufficient contrast for text and background colors.

To find insufficient color contrast, use the Accessibility Checker.

You can also look for text in your presentation that's hard to read or to distinguish from the background.

Strong contrast between text and background makes it easier for people with low vision or colorblindness to see and use the content.

Give every slide a unique title.

To find slides that do not have titles, use the Accessibility Checker.

People who are blind, have low vision, or have a reading disability rely on slide titles to navigate. For example, by skimming or using a screen reader, they can quickly scan through a list of slide titles and go right to the slide they want.

If you must use tables, create a simple table structure for data only, and specify column header information.

To ensure that tables don't contain split cells, merged cells, or nested tables, use the Accessibility Checker.

Screen readers keep track of their location in a table by counting table cells.

Screen readers also use header information to identify rows and columns.

Use a larger font size (18pt or larger), sans serif fonts, and sufficient white space.

To find potential issues related to fonts or white space, review your slides for areas that look crowded or illegible.

People who have dyslexia describe seeing text merge or distort.

Make videos accessible to people who have a vision or hearing disability.

Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

Create accessible PDFs or other file formats of your presentation.

Include accessibility tags to PDF files you create from your presentation. The tags make it possible for screen readers and other assistive technologies to read and navigate a document.

You can also save the presentation in a format that can be ported to a Braille reader.

Save your presentation in a different format

Top of Page

Check accessibility while you work

The Accessibility Checker is a tool that reviews your content and flags accessibility issues it comes across. It explains why each issue might be a potential problem for someone with a disability. The Accessibility Checker also suggests how you can resolve the issues that appear.

In PowerPoint, the Accessibility Checker runs automatically in the background when you're creating a presentation. If the Accessibility Checker detects accessibility issues, you will get a reminder in the status bar.

To manually launch the Accessibility Checker, select Review > Check Accessibility. The Accessibility pane opens, and you can now review and fix accessibility issues. For more info, go to Improve accessibility with the Accessibility Checker.

Top of Page

Create accessible slides

The following procedures describe how to make the slides in your PowerPoint presentations accessible. For more info, go to Video: Create slides with an accessible reading order and Video: Design slides for people with dyslexia.

Use an accessible presentation template

Use one of the accessible PowerPoint templates to make sure that your slide design, colors, contrast, and fonts are accessible for all audiences. They are also designed so that screen readers can more easily read the slide content.

1. In the Search for Online templates and themes text field, type accessible templates and press Enter.

2. In the search results, select a suitable template.

Top of Page

Give every slide a title

One simple step towards inclusivity is having a unique, descriptive title on each slide, even if it isn't visible. A person with a visual disability that uses a screen reader relies on the slide titles to know which slide is which.

Use the Accessibility ribbon to make sure every slide has a title. For instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Use the Accessibility ribbon to title a slide" section.

Top of Page

Hide a slide title

You can position a title off the slide. That way, the slide has a title for accessibility, but you save space on the slide for other content. For instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Put a title on a slide, but make the title invisible" section.

If you want all or many of your slide titles to be hidden, you can modify the slide master. For instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Systematically hide slide titles" section.

Top of Page

Restore a slide design

If you've moved or edited a placeholder on a slide, you can reset the slide to its original design. All formatting (for example, fonts, colors, effects) go back to what has been assigned in the template. Restoring the design might also help you find title placeholders which need a unique title.

To restore all placeholders for the selected slide, on the Home tab, in the Slides group, select Reset.

Top of Page

Set the reading order of slide contents

Some people with visual disabilities use a screen reader to read the information on the slide. When you create slides, putting the objects in a logical reading order is crucial for screen reader users to understand the slide.

Use the Accessibility Checker and the Reading Order pane to set the order in which the screen readers read the slide contents. When the screen reader reads the slide, it reads the objects in the order they are listed in the Reading Order pane.

For the step-by-step instructions how to set the reading order, go to Make slides easier to read by using the Reading Order pane.

Top of Page

Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more

PowerPoint has built-in, predesigned slide designs that contain placeholders for text, videos, pictures, and more. They also contain all the formatting, such as theme colors, fonts, and effects. To make sure that your slides are accessible, the built-in layouts are designed so that the reading order is the same for people who use assistive technologies such as screen readers and people who see. For more info, go to Video: Use accessible colors and styles in slides.

On the Design tab, do one or both of the following:

Top of Page

Add alt text to visuals

Alt text helps people who use screen readers to understand what's important in the visuals in your slides. Visual content includes pictures, SmartArt graphics, shapes, groups, charts, embedded objects, ink, and videos.

In alt text, briefly describe the image, its intent, and what is important about the image. Screen readers read the description to users who can't see the content.

Avoid using text in images as the sole method of conveying important information. If you use images with text in them, repeat the text in the slide. In alt text of such images, mention the existence of the text and its intent.

PowerPoint for PC in Microsoft 365 automatically generates alt texts for photos, stock images, and the PowerPoint icons by using intelligent services in the cloud. Always check the autogenerated alt texts to make sure they convey the right message. If necessary, edit the text. For charts, SmartArt, screenshots, or shapes, you need to add the alt texts manually.

For the step-by-step instructions on how to add or edit alt text, go to Add alternative text to a shape, picture, chart, SmartArt graphic, or other object and Video: Improve image accessibility in PowerPoint.

To find missing alternative text, use the Accessibility Checker.

Note: For audio and video content, in addition to alt text, include closed captioning for people who are deaf or have limited hearing.

Top of Page

Create accessible hyperlink text and add ScreenTips

People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links. Links should convey clear and accurate information about the destination. For example, avoid using link texts such as "Click here," "See this page," "Go here," or "Learn more." Instead include the full title of the destination page. You can also add ScreenTips that appear when your cursor hovers over text or images that include a hyperlink.

For the step-by-step instructions on how to create hyperlinks and ScreenTips, go to Add a hyperlink to a slide.

Top of Page

Use accessible font format and color

An accessible font doesn't exclude or slow down the reading speed of anyone reading a slide, including people with low vision or reading disability or people who are blind. The right font improves the legibility and readability of the text in the presentation.

For the step-by-step instructions on how to change fonts in PowerPoint go to Change the fonts in a presentation or Change the default font in PowerPoint.

Top of Page

Use accessible font format

To reduce the reading load, select familiar sans serif fonts such as Arial or Calibri. Avoid using all capital letters and excessive italics or underlines.

A person with a vision disability might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors. For example, add an underline to color-coded hyperlink text so that people who are colorblind know that the text is linked even if they can't see the color. For headings, consider adding bold or using a larger font.

Top of Page

Use accessible font color

Here are some ideas to consider:

The text in your presentation should be readable in a high contrast mode. For example, use bright colors or high-contrast color schemes on opposite ends of the color spectrum. White and black schemes make it easier for people who are colorblind to distinguish text and shapes.

Use the predesigned Office Themes to make sure that your slide design is accessible. For instructions, go to Use an accessible presentation template or Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more.

Use the Accessibility Checker to analyze the presentation and find insufficient color contrast. It finds insufficient color contrast in text with or without highlights or hyperlinks in shapes, tables, or SmartArt with solid opaque colors. It does not find insufficient color contrast in other cases such as text in a transparent text box or placeholder on top of the slide background, or color contrast issues in non-textual content.

Top of Page

Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

PowerPoint supports the playback of video with multiple audio tracks. It also supports closed captions and subtitles that are embedded in video files.

Currently, only PowerPoint for Windows supports insertion and playback of closed captions or subtitles that are stored in files separate from the video. For all other editions of PowerPoint (such as PowerPoint for macOS or the mobile editions), closed captions or subtitles must be encoded into the video before they are inserted into PowerPoint.

Supported video formats for captions and subtitles vary depending on the operating system that you're using. Each operating system has settings to adjust how the closed captions or subtitles are displayed. For more information, go to Closed Caption file types supported by PowerPoint.

Closed captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks are not preserved when you use the Compress Media or Optimize Media Compatibility features. Also, when turning your presentation into a video, closed captions, subtitles, or alternative audio tracks in the embedded videos are not included in the video that is saved.

When you use the Save Media as command on a selected video, closed captions, subtitles, and multiple audio tracks embedded in the video are preserved in the video file that is saved.

To make your PowerPoint presentations with videos accessible, ensure the following:

For more information, refer to Add closed captions or subtitles to media in PowerPoint.

Top of Page

Save your presentation in a different format

You can save your presentation in a format that can be easily read by a screen reader or be ported to a Braille reader. For instructions, go to Video: Save a presentation in a different format or Create accessible PDFs. Before converting a presentation into another format, make sure you run the Accessibility Checker and fix all reported issues.

Top of Page

Test accessibility with a screen reader

When your presentation is ready and you've run the Accessibility Checker to make sure it is inclusive, you can try navigating the slides using a screen reader, for example, Narrator. Narrator comes with Windows, so there's no need to install anything. This is one additional way to spot issues in the navigation order, for example.

1. Start the screen reader. For example, to start Narrator, press Ctrl+Windows logo key+Enter.

2. Press F6 until the focus, the blue rectangle, is on the slide content area.

3. Press the Tab key to navigate the elements within the slide and fix the navigation order if needed. To move the focus away from the slide content, press Esc or F6.

4. Exit the screen reader. For example, to exit Narrator, press Ctrl+Windows logo key+Enter.

Top of Page

See also

Rules for the Accessibility Checker

Everything you need to know to write effective alt text

Use a screen reader to attend a PowerPoint Live session in Microsoft Teams

Make your Word documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Excel documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Outlook email accessible to people with disabilities

Closed Caption file types supported by PowerPoint

In this topic

Best practices for making PowerPoint presentations accessible

The following table includes key best practices for creating PowerPoint presentations that are accessible to people with disabilities.

What to fix

How to find it

Why fix it

How to fix it

When creating a new slide, use the built-in slide designs.

The built-in layouts automatically make sure that the reading order works for everyone.

Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more

Ensure that color is not the only means of conveying information.

Visually scan the slides in your presentation.

People who are blind, have low vision, or are colorblind might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors.

Use an accessible presentation template

Use sufficient contrast for text and background colors.

To find insufficient color contrast, use the Accessibility Checker.

You can also look for text on your slides that's hard to read or to distinguish from the background.

Use strong contrast between text and background, so people with low vision can see and use the content.

Use an accessible presentation template

Give every slide a unique title.

To find slides that do not have titles, use the Accessibility Checker.

People who are blind, have low vision, or have a reading disability rely on slide titles to navigate. For example, by skimming or using a screen reader, they can quickly scan through a list of slide titles and go right to the slide they want.

If you must use tables, use a simple table structure for data only, and specify column header information.

To ensure that tables don't contain split cells, merged cells, or nested tables, use the Accessibility Checker.

Screen readers keep track of their location in a table by counting table cells.

Screen readers also use header information to identify rows and columns.

Add meaningful hyperlink text and ScreenTips.

To determine whether hyperlink text makes sense as standalone information and whether it gives readers accurate information about the destination target, visually scan the slides in your presentation.

People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links. You can also add ScreenTips that appear when your cursor hovers over text or images that include a hyperlink.

Use accessible hyperlink texts and ScreenTips

Use a larger font size (18pt or larger), sans serif fonts, and sufficient white space.

To find potential issues related to fonts or white space, review your slides for areas that look crowded or illegible.

People who have dyslexia describe seeing text "swim together" on a page (the compressing of one line of text into the line below). They often see text merge or distort.

Make videos accessible to people who have a vision or hearing disability.

Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

Top of Page

Check accessibility while you work

The Accessibility Checker is a tool that reviews your content and flags accessibility issues it comes across. It explains why each issue might be a potential problem for someone with a disability. The Accessibility Checker also suggests how you can resolve the issues that appear.

To manually launch the Accessibility Checker, select Review > Check Accessibility. The Accessibility pane opens, and you can now review and fix accessibility issues. For more info, go to Improve accessibility with the Accessibility Checker.

Top of Page

Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more

PowerPoint has built-in slide designs that contain placeholders for text, videos, pictures, and more. They also contain all the formatting, such as theme colors, fonts, and effects. To make sure that your slides are accessible, the built-in layouts are designed so that the reading order is the same for people who see and people who use technology such as screen readers.

Top of Page

Use an accessible presentation template

Use one of the accessible PowerPoint templates to make sure that your slide design, colors, contrast, and fonts are accessible for all audiences. They are also designed so that screen readers can more easily read the slide content.

1. In the Search text field, type accessible templates, and then press Return.

2. In the search results, select a suitable template.

Tips:

Off-white backgrounds are better for people with perceptual disabilities, like dyslexia.

Select templates and themes with sans serif fonts that are 18 points or larger.

Look for solid backgrounds with contrasting text color.

Top of Page

Give every slide a title

One simple step towards inclusivity is having a unique, descriptive title on each slide, even if it isn't visible. A person with a visual disability that uses a screen reader relies on the slide titles to know which slide is which.

Use the Accessibility ribbon to make sure every slide has a title. For the step-by-step instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Use the Accessibility ribbon to title a slide" section.

Tip: If you've moved or edited a placeholder on a slide, you can reset the slide to its original design. All formatting (for example, fonts, colors, effects) go back to what has been assigned in the template. Restoring the original design might also help you find title placeholders which need a unique title. To restore all placeholders for the selected slide, on the Home tab, select Reset.

Top of Page

Hide a slide title

You can position a title off the slide. That way, the slide has a title for accessibility, but you save space on the slide for other content. For the step-by-step instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Put a title on a slide, but make the title invisible" section.

If you want all or many of your slide titles to be hidden, you can modify the slide master. For the step-by-step instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Systematically hide slide titles" section.

Top of Page

Set the reading order of slide contents

When someone who can see reads a slide, they usually read things, such as text or a picture, in the order the elements appear on the slide. In contrast, a screen reader reads the elements on a slide in the order they were added to the slide, which might be very different from the order in which things appear.

Use the Selection Pane to set the order in which screen readers read the slide contents. Screen readers read the objects in the reverse of the order they are listed in the Selection Pane.

To find slides with a problematic reading order, use the Accessibility Checker.

Top of Page

Add alt text to visuals

Alt text helps people who use screen readers to understand what's important in the visuals in your slides. Visual content includes pictures, SmartArt graphics, shapes, groups, charts, embedded objects, ink, and videos.

In alt text, briefly describe the image, its intent, and what is important about the image. Screen readers read the description to users who can't see the content.

Avoid using text in images as the sole method of conveying important information. If you use images with text in them, repeat the text in the slide. In alt text of such images, mention the existence of the text and its intent.

For the step-by-step instructions on how to add or edit alt text, go to Add alternative text to a shape, picture, chart, SmartArt graphic, or other object.

To find missing alternative text, use the Accessibility Checker.

Top of Page

Use accessible hyperlink texts and ScreenTips

People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links. Links should convey clear and accurate information about the destination. For example, avoid using link texts such as "Click here," "See this page," "Go here," or "Learn more." Instead include the full title of the destination page. You can also add ScreenTips that appear when your cursor hovers over text or images that include a hyperlink.

For the step-by-step instructions on how to create hyperlinks, go to Add a hyperlink to a slide.

Top of Page

Use accessible font format and color

An accessible font doesn't exclude or slow down the reading speed of anyone reading a slide, including people with low vision or reading disability or people who are blind. The right font improves the legibility and readability of the text in the presentation.

For the step-by-step instructions on how to change fonts in PowerPoint, go to Change the fonts in a presentation.

Use accessible font format

To reduce the reading load, select familiar sans serif fonts such as Arial or Calibri. Avoid using all capital letters and excessive italics or underlines.

A person with a vision disability might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors. For example, add an underline to color-coded hyperlink text so that people who are colorblind know that the text is linked even if they can't see the color. For headings, consider adding bold or using a larger font.

Top of Page

Use accessible font color

Here are some ideas to consider:

The text in your presentation should be readable in a high contrast mode. For example, use bright colors or high-contrast color schemes on opposite ends of the color spectrum. White and black schemes make it easier for people who are colorblind to distinguish text and shapes.

Use the predesigned themes to make sure that your slide design is accessible. For instructions, go to Use an accessible presentation template or Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more.

Use the Accessibility Checker to analyze the presentation and find insufficient color contrast. It finds insufficient color contrast in text with or without highlights or hyperlinks in shapes, tables, or SmartArt with solid opaque colors. It does not find insufficient color contrast in other cases such as text in a transparent text box or placeholder on top of the slide background, or color contrast issues in non-textual content.

Top of Page

Use accessible text alignment and spacing

People with dyslexia perceive text in a way that can make it difficult to distinguish letters and words. For example, they might perceive a line of text compressing into the line below, or adjacent letters seeming to merge. Also, having multiple blank lines or consecutive spaces can make keyboard navigation slow and screen reader usage more cumbersome.

Align your paragraph to the left to avoid uneven gaps between words, and increase or decrease the white space between lines to improve readability. Include sufficient white space between lines and paragraphs but avoid more than two spaces between words and two blank lines between paragraphs.

Select the piece of text you want to modify.

Top of Page

Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

PowerPoint supports the playback of video with multiple audio tracks. It also supports closed captions and subtitles that are embedded in video files.

Closed captions or subtitles must be encoded into the video before it is inserted into PowerPoint. PowerPoint does not support closed captions or subtitles that are stored in a separate file from the video file.

Supported video formats for captions and subtitles vary depending on the operating system that you're using. Each operating system has settings to adjust how the closed captions or subtitles are displayed. For more information, go to Closed Caption file types supported by PowerPoint.

Closed captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks are not preserved when you use the Compress Media or Optimize Media Compatibility features. To learn more about optimizing media for compatibility, go to the section "Optimize media in your presentation for compatibility" in Are you having video or audio playback issues? Also, when turning your presentation into a video, closed captions, subtitles, or alternative audio tracks in the embedded videos are not included in the video that is saved.

When you use the Save Media as command on a selected video, closed captions, subtitles, and multiple audio tracks embedded in the video are preserved in the video file that is saved. For more info, go to Save embedded media from a presentation (audio or video).

To make your PowerPoint presentations with videos accessible, ensure the following:

Top of Page

Test the accessibility of your slides with a screen reader

When your presentation is ready and you've run the Accessibility Checker to make sure it is inclusive, you can try navigating the slides using a screen reader, for example, VoiceOver. VoiceOver comes with macOS, so there's no need to install anything. This is one additional way to spot issues in the navigation order, for example.

1. Start the screen reader. For example, to start VoiceOver, press Command+F5.

2. Press F6 until the focus, the black rectangle, is on the slide content area.

3. Press the Tab key to navigate the elements within the slide and fix the navigation order if needed. To move the focus away from the slide content, press Esc or F6.

4. Exit the screen reader. For example, to exit VoiceOver, press Command+F5.

Top of Page

See also

Rules for the Accessibility Checker

Everything you need to know to write effective alt text

Use a screen reader to attend a PowerPoint Live session in Microsoft Teams

Make your Word documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Excel documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Outlook email accessible to people with disabilities

In this topic

Best practices for making PowerPoint presentations accessible

The following table includes key best practices for creating PowerPoint presentations that are accessible to people with disabilities.

What to fix

Why fix it

How to fix it

If you must use tables, use a simple table structure for data only, and specify column header information.

Screen readers keep track of their location in a table by counting table cells.

Screen readers also use header information to identify rows and columns.

Use a larger font size (18pt or larger), sans serif fonts, and sufficient white space.

People who have dyslexia describe seeing text "swim together" on a slide (the compressing of one line of text into the line below). They often see text merge or distort.

Make videos accessible to people who have a vision or hearing disability.

Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

Top of Page

Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more

PowerPoint has built-in, predesigned slide designs that contain placeholders for text, videos, pictures, and more. They also contain all the formatting, such as theme colors, fonts, and effects. To make sure that your slides are accessible, the built-in layouts are designed so that the reading order is the same for people who use assistive technologies such as screen readers and people who see.

Select Home > Design.

Top of Page

Give every slide a title

One simple step towards inclusivity is having a unique, descriptive title on each slide, even if it isn't visible. A person with a visual disability that uses a screen reader relies on the slide titles to know which slide is which. With descriptive titles on each slide, everyone can quickly scan through a list of slide titles and go right to the slide they want.

Top of Page

Hide a slide title

You can position a title off the slide. That way, the slide has a title for accessibility, but you save space on the slide for other content.

Top of Page

Add alt text to visuals

Alt text helps people who use screen readers to understand what's important in the visuals in your slides. Visual content includes pictures, SmartArt graphics, shapes, groups, charts, embedded objects, ink, and videos.

In alt text, briefly describe the image, its intent, and what is important about the image. Screen readers read the description to users who can't see the content.

Avoid using text in images as the sole method of conveying important information. If you use images with text in them, repeat the text in the slide. In alt text of such images, mention the existence of the text and its intent.

Select the visual, for example, an image.

Top of Page

Mark visuals as decorative

If your visuals are purely decorative and add visual interest but aren't informative, you can mark them as such without needing to write any alt text. Examples of objects that should be marked as decorative are stylistic borders. People using screen readers will hear that these objects are decorative, so they know they aren't missing any important information.

Select the visual, for example, a picture or chart.

Top of Page

Use accessible hyperlink texts

People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links. Links should convey clear and accurate information about the destination. For example, avoid using link texts such as "Click here," "See this page," "Go here," or "Learn more." Instead include the full title of the destination page.

1. Select the piece of text you want to turn into a hyperlink. The context menu opens.

2. In the context menu, select Link. The Insert Hyperlink dialog box opens.

Top of Page

Use accessible text format and color

An accessible font doesn't exclude or slow down the reading speed of anyone reading a slide, including people with low vision or reading disability or people who are blind. The right font improves the legibility and readability of the text in the presentation.

Use accessible text format

To reduce the reading load, select familiar sans serif fonts such as Arial or Calibri. Avoid using all capital letters and excessive italics or underlines.

A person with a vision disability might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors. For example, add an underline to color-coded hyperlink text so that people who are colorblind know that the text is linked even if they can't see the color. For headings, consider adding bold or using a larger font.

Select the piece of text you want to format.

Top of Page

Use accessible text color

The text in your presentation should be readable in a high contrast mode. For example, use bright colors or high-contrast color schemes on opposite ends of the color spectrum. White and black schemes make it easier for people who are colorblind to distinguish text and shapes.

Use the predesigned Themes to make sure that your slide design is accessible. For instructions, go to Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more.

Select the piece of text you want to format.

Top of Page

Create accessible lists

To make it easier for screen readers to read your slides, organize the information into small chunks such as bulleted or numbered lists.

Design lists so that you do not need to add a plain paragraph without a bullet or number to the middle of a list. If your list is broken up by a plain paragraph, some screen readers might announce the number of list items wrong. Also, the user might hear in the middle of the list that they are leaving the list.

1. On a slide, place the cursor where you want to create a list.

2. On the Home tab, select Bullets or Numbering, and then select the bullet or numbering style you want.

Top of Page

Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

PowerPoint supports the playback of video with multiple audio tracks. It also supports closed captions and subtitles that are embedded in video files.

Closed captions or subtitles must be encoded into the video before it is inserted into PowerPoint. PowerPoint does not support closed captions or subtitles that are stored in a separate file from the video file.

Supported video formats for captions and subtitles vary depending on the operating system that you're using. Each operating system has settings to adjust how the closed captions or subtitles are displayed. For more information, go to Closed Caption file types supported by PowerPoint.

Closed captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks are not preserved when you use the Compress Media or Optimize Media Compatibility features. To learn more about optimizing media for compatibility, go to the section "Optimize media in your presentation for compatibility" in Are you having video or audio playback issues? Also, when turning your presentation into a video, closed captions, subtitles, or alternative audio tracks in the embedded videos are not included in the video that is saved.

When you use the Save Media as command on a selected video, closed captions, subtitles, and multiple audio tracks embedded in the video are preserved in the video file that is saved. For more info, go to Save embedded media from a presentation (audio or video).

To make your PowerPoint presentations with videos accessible, ensure the following:

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Test the accessibility of your slides

When your slides are ready, you can try a few things to make sure they are accessible:

In the PowerPoint for iOS app, you can try navigating the slides using the built-in screen reader, VoiceOver. VoiceOver comes with iOS, so there's no need to install anything. This is one additional way to spot issues in the navigation order, for example.

To navigate the content in the slide, swipe left or right. Modify the reading order of the elements on the slides if necessary.

Tip: To select an item in focus when VoiceOver is on, double-tap the screen.

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See also

Everything you need to know to write effective alt text

Make your Word documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Excel documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Outlook email accessible to people with disabilities

Make your OneNote notebooks accessible to people with disabilities

In this topic

Best practices for making PowerPoint presentations accessible

The following table includes key best practices for creating PowerPoint presentations that are accessible to people with disabilities.

What to fix

Why fix it

How to fix it

If you must use tables, use a simple table structure for data only, and specify column header information.

Screen readers keep track of their location in a table by counting table cells.

Screen readers also use header information to identify rows and columns.

Use a larger font size (18pt or larger), sans serif fonts, and sufficient white space.

People who have dyslexia describe seeing text "swim together" on a slide (the compressing of one line of text into the line below). They often see text merge or distort.

Make videos accessible to people who have a vision or hearing disability.

Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

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Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more

PowerPoint has built-in, predesigned slide designs that contain placeholders for text, videos, pictures, and more. They also contain all the formatting, such as theme colors, fonts, and effects. To make sure that your slides are accessible, the built-in layouts are designed so that the reading order is the same for people who use assistive technologies such as screen readers and people who see.

Select Home > Design.

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Give every slide a title

One simple step towards inclusivity is having a unique, descriptive title on each slide, even if it isn't visible. A person with a visual disability that uses a screen reader relies on the slide titles to know which slide is which. With descriptive titles on each slide, everyone can quickly scan through a list of slide titles and go right to the slide they want.

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Hide a slide title

You can position a title off the slide. That way, the slide has a title for accessibility, but you save space on the slide for other content.

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Add alt text to visuals

Alt text helps people who use screen readers to understand what's important in the visuals in your slides. Visual content includes pictures, SmartArt graphics, shapes, groups, charts, embedded objects, ink, and videos.

In alt text, briefly describe the image, its intent, and what is important about the image. Screen readers read the description to users who can't see the content.

Avoid using text in images as the sole method of conveying important information. If you use images with text in them, repeat the text in the slide. In alt text of such images, mention the existence of the text and its intent.

1. On a slide, select a visual.

2. To open the relevant tab such as Picture or Shape, select (More options).

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Mark visuals as decorative

If your visuals are purely decorative and add visual interest but aren't informative, you can mark them as such without needing to write any alt text. Examples of objects that should be marked as decorative are stylistic borders. People using screen readers will hear that these objects are decorative, so they know they aren't missing any important information.

Select the visual.

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Use accessible hyperlink texts

People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links. Links should convey clear and accurate information about the destination. For example, avoid using link texts such as "Click here," "See this page," "Go here," or "Learn more." Instead include the full title of the destination page.

1. Select the piece of text you want to turn into a hyperlink.

2. Select Home > Insert > Link.

3. Do one of the following:

To insert a hyperlink to a web page, select Insert Link. Type or paste the hyperlink URL to the Address text field. If you want to change the hyperlink text, modify the text in the Text to display text field.

To insert a link to a recent document, browse the Recent Items list until you find the one you want, and then select it.

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Use accessible text format and color

An accessible font doesn't exclude or slow down the reading speed of anyone reading a slide, including people with low vision or reading disability or people who are blind. The right font improves the legibility and readability of the text in the presentation.

Use accessible text format

To reduce the reading load, select familiar sans serif fonts such as Arial or Calibri. Avoid using all capital letters and excessive italics or underlines.

A person with a vision disability might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors. For example, add an underline to color-coded hyperlink text so that people who are colorblind know that the text is linked even if they can't see the color. For headings, consider adding bold or using a larger font.

1. Select the piece of text you want to modify.

2. On the Home tab, you can do, for example, the following:

To change the font type, select the current font type to open the Font menu, and then select the font type you want.

To adjust the font size, select the current font size, and then select the new font size.

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Use accessible text color

The text in your presentation should be readable in a high contrast mode. For example, use bright colors or high-contrast color schemes on opposite ends of the color spectrum. White and black schemes make it easier for people who are colorblind to distinguish text and shapes.

Use the predesigned Themes to make sure that your slide design is accessible. For the step-by-step instructions, go to Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more.

Select the piece of text you want to modify.

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Create accessible lists

To make it easier for screen readers to read your slides, organize the information into small chunks such as bulleted or numbered lists.

Design lists so that you do not need to add a plain paragraph without a bullet or number to the middle of a list. If your list is broken up by a plain paragraph, some screen readers might announce the number of list items wrong. Also, the user might hear in the middle of the list that they are leaving the list.

1. Select the piece of text you want to modify.

2. On the Home tab, select Bullets or Numbering, and then select the bullet or numbering style you want.

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Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

PowerPoint supports the playback of video with multiple audio tracks. It also supports closed captions and subtitles that are embedded in video files.

Closed captions or subtitles must be encoded into the video before it is inserted into PowerPoint. PowerPoint does not support closed captions or subtitles that are stored in a separate file from the video file.

Supported video formats for captions and subtitles vary depending on the operating system that you're using. Each operating system has settings to adjust how the closed captions or subtitles are displayed. For more information, go to Closed Caption file types supported by PowerPoint.

Closed captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks are not preserved when you use the Compress Media or Optimize Media Compatibility features. To learn more about optimizing media for compatibility, go to the section "Optimize media in your presentation for compatibility" in Are you having video or audio playback issues? Also, when turning your presentation into a video, closed captions, subtitles, or alternative audio tracks in the embedded videos are not included in the video that is saved.

When you use the Save Media as command on a selected video, closed captions, subtitles, and multiple audio tracks embedded in the video are preserved in the video file that is saved. For more info, go to Save embedded media from a presentation (audio or video).

To make your PowerPoint presentations with videos accessible, ensure the following:

Top of Page

Test the accessibility of your slides

When your slides are ready, you can try a few things to make sure they are accessible:

In the PowerPoint for Android app, you can try navigating the slides using the built-in screen reader, TalkBack. TalkBack comes with Android, so there's no need to install anything. This is one additional way to spot issues in the navigation order, for example.

To navigate the content in the slide, swipe left or right. Modify the reading order of the elements on the slides if necessary.

Tip: To select an item in focus when TalkBack is on, double-tap the screen.

Top of Page

See also

Everything you need to know to write effective alt text

Make your Word documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Excel documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Outlook email accessible to people with disabilities

Make your OneNote notebooks accessible to people with disabilities

In this topic

Best practices for making PowerPoint for the web presentations accessible

The following table includes key best practices for creating PowerPoint for the web presentations that are accessible to people with disabilities.

What to fix

How to find it

Why fix it

How to fix it

Use the built-in slide designs.

The built-in layouts automatically make sure that the reading order works for everyone.

Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more

Give every slide a unique title.

To find slides that do not have titles, use the Accessibility Checker.

People who are blind, have low vision, or have a reading disability rely on slide titles to navigate. For example, by skimming or using a screen reader, they can quickly scan through a list of slide titles and go right to the slide they want.

Ensure that color is not the only means of conveying information.

Visually scan the slides in your presentation.

People who are blind, have low vision, or are colorblind might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors.

Use sufficient contrast for text and background colors.

To find insufficient color contrast, use the Accessibility Checker.

You can also look for text on your slides that's hard to read or to distinguish from the background.

Use strong contrast between text and background, so people with low vision can see and use the content.

Use an accessible presentation template

If you must use tables, use a simple table structure for data only, and specify column header information.

To ensure that tables don't contain split cells, merged cells, or nested tables, use the Accessibility Checker.

Screen readers keep track of their location in a table by counting table cells.

Screen readers also use header information to identify rows and columns.

Add meaningful hyperlink text.

To determine whether hyperlink text makes sense as standalone information and whether it gives readers accurate information about the destination target, visually scan the slides in your presentation.

People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links.

Use accessible hyperlink texts

Use a larger font size (18pt or larger), sans serif fonts, and sufficient white space.

To find potential issues related to fonts or white space, review your slides for areas that look crowded or illegible.

People who have dyslexia describe seeing text "swim together" on a page (the compressing of one line of text into the line below). They often see text merge or distort.

Use built-in lists.

Organize and structure the information in your slides into small units which are easy to read, navigate, and skim through.

Create accessible lists

Make videos accessible to people who have a vision or hearing disability.

Subtitles typically contain a transcription (or translation) of the dialogue.

Closed captions typically also describe audio cues such as music or sound effects that occur off-screen.

Video description means audio-narrated descriptions of a video's key visual elements. These descriptions are inserted into natural pauses in the program's dialogue. Video description makes videos more accessible to people who are blind or have low vision.

Use captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks in videos

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Check accessibility while you work

The Accessibility Checker is a tool that reviews your content and flags accessibility issues it comes across. It explains why each issue might be a potential problem for someone with a disability. The Accessibility Checker also suggests how you can resolve the issues that appear.

To manually launch the Accessibility Checker, select Review > Check Accessibility. The Accessibility pane opens, and you can now review and fix accessibility issues. For more info, go to Improve accessibility with the Accessibility Checker.

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Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more

PowerPoint for the web has built-in slide designs that contain placeholders for text, videos, pictures, and more. They also contain all the formatting, such as theme colors, fonts, and effects. To make sure that your slides are accessible, the built-in layouts are designed so that the reading order is the same for people who see and people who use technology such as screen readers.

On the Design tab, expand the Themes menu, and then select the design you want.

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Use an accessible presentation template

Use one of the accessible PowerPoint templates to make sure that your slide design, colors, contrast, and fonts are accessible for all audiences. They are also designed so that screen readers can more easily read the slide content.

1. In your browser, go to Accessible PowerPoint template sampler.

2. Open the sampler in the full desktop version of PowerPoint, select a suitable slide design, and save it.

3. Open PowerPoint for the web in your browser, open the selected design, and create your presentation.

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Give every slide a title

One simple step towards inclusivity is having a unique, descriptive title on each slide, even if it isn't visible. A person with a visual disability that uses a screen reader relies on the slide titles to know which slide is which.

Use the Accessibility ribbon to make sure every slide has a title. For the step-by-step instructions, go to the section "Use the Accessibility ribbon to title a slide" in Title a slide.

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Hide a slide title

You can position a title off the slide. That way, the slide has a title for accessibility, but you save space on the slide for other content. For the step-by-step instructions, go to the section "Put a title on a slide, but make the title invisible" in Title a slide.

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Use an accessible reading order for the slide contents

When someone who can see reads a slide, they usually read things, such as text or a picture, in the order the elements appear on the slide. In contrast, a screen reader reads the elements on a slide in the order they were added to the slide, which might be very different from the order in which things appear.

Use the Selection Pane to set the order in which screen readers read the slide contents. Screen readers read the objects in the reverse of the order they are listed in the Selection Pane.

To find slides with a problematic reading order, use the Accessibility Checker.

In the Selection Pane, to change the reading order, drag and drop items to the new location.

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Add alt text to visuals and tables

Alt text helps people who use screen readers to understand what's important in the visuals in your slides. Visual content includes pictures, SmartArt graphics, shapes, groups, charts, embedded objects, ink, and videos.

In alt text, briefly describe the image, its intent, and what is important about the image. Screen readers read the description to users who can't see the content.

Avoid using text in images as the sole method of conveying important information. If you use images with text in them, repeat the text in the slide. In alt text of such images, mention the existence of the text and its intent.

Tips:

For audio and video content, in addition to alt text, include closed captioning for people who are deaf or have limited hearing.

In the alt text description field, spelling errors are marked with a red squiggly line under the word.

1. To add alt text to visuals and tables, do one of the following:

To add alt text to an image, do one of the following:

To add alt text to a SmartArt graphic, select a SmartArt graphic, and then select SmartArt > Alt Text.

To add alt text to a shape or embedded video, select a shape or video, and then select Shape > Alt Text.

To add alt text to a table, place the cursor in any cell, and then select Table Layout > Alt Text.

2. For images, type a description. For SmartArt graphics, shapes, videos, and tables, type a title and description.

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Use accessible hyperlink texts

People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links. Links should convey clear and accurate information about the destination. For example, avoid using link texts such as "Click here," "See this page," "Go here," or "Learn more." Instead include the full title of the destination page.

For the step-by-step instructions on how to create hyperlinks, go to Add a hyperlink to a slide.

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Use accessible font format and color

An accessible font doesn't exclude or slow down the reading speed of anyone reading a slide, including people with low vision or reading disability or people who are blind. The right font improves the legibility and readability of the text in the presentation.

To change the font format or color, select the piece of text you want to modify

Top of Page

Use accessible font format

To reduce the reading load, select familiar sans serif fonts such as Arial or Calibri. Avoid using all capital letters and excessive italics or underlines.

A person with a vision disability might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors. For example, add an underline to color-coded hyperlink text so that people who are colorblind know that the text is linked even if they can't see the color. For headings, consider adding bold or using a larger font.

Top of Page

Use accessible font color

Here are some ideas to consider:

The text in your presentation should be readable in a high contrast mode. For example, use bright colors or high-contrast color schemes on opposite ends of the color spectrum. White and black schemes make it easier for people who are colorblind to distinguish text and shapes.

Use the predesigned themes to make sure that your slide design is accessible. For instructions, go to Use an accessible presentation template or Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more.

Use the Accessibility Checker to analyze the presentation and find insufficient color contrast. It finds insufficient color contrast in text with or without highlights or hyperlinks in shapes, tables, or SmartArt with solid opaque colors. It does not find insufficient color contrast in other cases such as text in a transparent text box or placeholder on top of the slide background, or color contrast issues in non-textual content.

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Use accessible text alignment and spacing

People with dyslexia perceive text in a way that can make it difficult to distinguish letters and words. For example, they might perceive a line of text compressing into the line below, or adjacent letters seeming to merge. Also, having multiple blank lines or consecutive spaces can make keyboard navigation slow and screen reader usage more cumbersome.

Align your paragraph to the left to avoid uneven gaps between words, and increase or decrease the white space between lines to improve readability. Include sufficient white space between lines and paragraphs but avoid more than two spaces between words and two blank lines between paragraphs.

Select the piece of text you want to modify.

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Test the accessibility of your slides with a screen reader

When your presentation is ready and you've run the Accessibility Checker to make sure it is inclusive, you can try navigating the slides using a screen reader, for example, Narrator. Narrator comes with Windows, so there's no need to install anything. This is one additional way to spot issues in the navigation order, for example.

1. Start the screen reader. For example, to start Narrator, press Ctrl+Windows logo key+Enter.

2. Press F6 until the focus, the blue rectangle, is on the slide content area.

3. Press the Tab key to navigate the elements within the slide and fix the navigation order if needed. To move the focus away from the slide content, press Esc or F6.

4. Exit the screen reader. For example, to exit Narrator, press Ctrl+Windows logo key+Enter.

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See also

Improve accessibility with the Accessibility Checker

Rules for the Accessibility Checker

Everything you need to know to write effective alt text

Use a screen reader to attend a PowerPoint Live session in Microsoft Teams

Make your Word documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Excel documents accessible to people with disabilities

Make your Outlook email accessible to people with disabilities ​​​​​​​

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Make your PowerPoint presentations accessible to people with disabilities

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Learn how to create PowerPoint presentations that are more accessible to people with disabilities, or who are using assistive technologies.

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You can have as many slide masters as you like! A slide master controls the formatting of a number of slides. Remember to preserve the master by right-clicking on the master and putting the thumb tack on them so they are saved.

https://www.stl-training.co.uk/post-5133-maximum-amount-slide-masters.html

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RE: Maximum amount of Slide Masters I can have?

Hi Kate,

Thanks for using the forum

You can have as many slide masters as you like! A slide master controls the formatting of a number of slides. Remember to preserve the master by right-clicking on the master and putting the thumb tack on them so they are saved.

Let me know how you get on

Tracy

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Maximum amount of Slide Masters I can have? | Forum post | 5133

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Hi Kate, Thanks for using the forum You can have as many slide masters as you like! A slide master controls the formatting of a number of slides. Remember to preserve the master by right-clicking on the master and putting the thumb tack on them so they are saved.

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-Linking (File/A range of cell [Paste Special > Microsoft Excel Worksheet Object]/Image [Link to File/Insert and Link])
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-(Home/Previous/Next/Last Viewed/End show etc...)
-Mouse Click (Common) [Hyperlink/Run a program/Sound - Hyperlink to slide/custom show], Mouse Over [Play sound effects on top of whatever mentioned]
-Use Slide Master to simplify the job
-Custom Show (Show and return, can show selected slides only with different sequence, can edit/copy/delete the shows, can be clicked via Image/Shape/directly to Custom Show)

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Presentation Planning
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Creating a presentation
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