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1. Producers: Organisms that make their own food
2. Consumers: Organisms that eat other organisms for food and energy
3. Food Chain: A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
4. Food Web: A combination of all the food chains in an ecosystem
5. Biosphere: Consists of all living things on Earth
6. Biotic factors: The living parts of an ecosystem
7. Abiotic factors: The nonliving parts of an ecosystem
8. Herbivores: Organisms that only eat plants
9. Carnivores: Organisms that only eat animals
10. Decomposers: Organisms that break down dead organisms for their energy.

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In biological organization, species make up populations, which make up communities. Also, in a food web, if an organism were to die off, other organisms that feed on it would be affected. Since there would be one less food source, their populations would go down. Finally, energy flows in one direction, while nutrients recycle.

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The biosphere consists of all life on Earth and how organisms interact with each other. This chapter describes how energy and nutrients move in our biosphere, the biological organization of life, and the ways in which organisms eat. The biosphere chapter provides a basis for future chapters that describe how plants obtain energy from the sun and how organisms break down food to turn into energy.

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1. Describe how organisms obtain energy. Organisms obtain energy from the food that they eat.
2. Identify the three types of ecological pyramids. Pyramid of numbers, pyramid of biomass, and pyramid of energy
3. Interpret food chains and food webs. Food chains are a series of steps where organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten, starting with the primary producers, and going from there. Food webs are a collection of food chains that reflect the whole ecosystem.
4. List and describe some a) biotic factors and b) abiotic factors found in nature. Biotic factors: Animals, they eat other organisms for energy and are integral to the environment. Abiotic factors: Rainfall, if there was a period of no rainfall there would be a drought, and many organisms would be affected by no rainfall.

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Food Chains & Food Webs | Ecology & Environment | Biology | FuseSchool