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Early 1820's- Start of Women's Suffrage Awareness

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Early 1820's- Start of Women's Suffrage Awareness

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Married women weren't able to vote, claim money they earned, or own property. Women weren't content about their rights so they took a prominent role in the abolitionist movement, religious groups, and temperance leagues. While other American Women couldn't endure the idea of a submissive stay-at-home mom. All these elements created a new way of how women should be. Essentially, this is important because women realized that the rights that they deserve, they don't have. This also triggered a lot of other women to take part in the Women's Suffrage Movement.

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Kami Export - 19th Amendment - Definition, Passage & Summary - HISTORY.pdf

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In Seneca Falls, there was a group of women abolitionists that were invited by Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott to discuss women’s suffrage which was the first convention of this movement. Delegates at the convention concluded that women deserve the right to have their own political opinion and to be able to vote as all men and women are equal. The Declaration of Sentiments women's equality in politics, jobs, and education. This is also important to the movement because it was the first time that everyone was aware of women's suffrage and the lack of women being able to vote.

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Kami Export - Women’s Suffrage - The U.S. Movement, Leaders & 19th Amendment - HISTORY.pdf

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1853- Stanton and Susan B. Anthony Collaboration

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1853- Stanton and Susan B. Anthony Collaboration

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The collaboration between Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth C. Stanton was very beneficial for the movement to get women their deserved rights. They went to the debate about giving freed slaves constitutional rights to argue that they should be included as well. The 15th amendment says no one can be denied by color or race. Although, there was never a mention of sex or gender. Fredrick Douglass argued that black men needed rights to survive and that the nation cannot handle 2 movements at the same time. Anthony and Stanton were infuriated that uneducated black man winning the vote over women so, they fought against the 15th amendment. They were so angry that they included some racist things. Therefore, this is important because it motivated women even more to get their rights, and the relationship between Anthony and Stanton greatly assisted the movement of getting women their rights.

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Kami Export - American Women's Suffrage Came Down to One Man's Vote - HISTORY.pdf

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 March 3, 1913- Woman Suffrage Procession/Parade

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 March 3, 1913- Woman Suffrage Procession/Parade

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Approximately 5,000 women were marching down Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington D.C. organized by the NAWSA the day before the presidential inauguration to display the efforts to get women the 19th amendment. The NAWSA committees (Alice Paul, Lucy Burns) gained passage to the Susan B. Anthony amendment which was proposed and failed. Even though it wasn't the most effective and biggest march there was, it motivated Paul, Burns, and many other women who were determined to bring new energy in order to achieve the amendment. Also, the march had so much publicity that it received a lot of attention and new energy that Paul and Burns wanted. The march is important because the new energy was the energy that was enough to get the 19th amendment through congress.

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Kami Export - 1913 Woman Suffrage Procession (U.S. National Park Service).pdf

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April 1913- Foundation of The Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (CU)

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April 1913- Foundation of The Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (CU)

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Alice Paul and Lucy Burns founded the in April of 1913 but they continued to be on NAWSA till December. Although NAWSA and the CU (The Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage) had the same goal, they cut ties 2 months later. Activities that they did to protest included street meetings, petitions, organized parades, and speeches. In 1916 the CU formed the NWP and the NWP existed in states that passed women's suffrage (Western states). Therefore, the CU existed where women's suffrage wasn't passed. Finally, in 1917 the two organizations combine into one, NWP. The formation of these organizations is significant because of the actions they did to push congress to push the amendment to allow them to vote. Also, without these organizations, the power wouldn't be as powerful and much more difficult though as they are not united.

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Kami Export - Historical Overview of the National Womans Party  _  Articles and Essays  _  Women of Protest_ Photographs from the Records of the National Woman's Party  _  Digital Collections  _  Library of Congress.pdf

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Women would often get arrested for protesting the suffrage movement. So, they found a way to protest inside the prison by the name of Hunger Strike. This strategy is the women in prison not eating to defeat the popular idea of female bodies being vulnerable and passive. Letting their bodies starve is another form of speech that spread to the public quickly. Although, the officers caught on quickly and force-fed them using a 20-inch tube according to Mary Leigh which often damaged teeth and the throat. The Hunger strike is important because it shows the brutality of the government towards women and convinced a lot of other women to join the movement as well.

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Kami Export - Woman Suffrage Timeline (1840-1920) — History of U.S. Woman's Suffrage.pdf

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November 14-15, 1917- The Night of Terrors 

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November 14-15, 1917- The Night of Terrors 

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Alice Paul and the 33 other women that were brought to the harsh living conditions of Occoquan workhouse (Prison in Virginia) were demanding to be treated as if they were political prisoners. This is because political prisoners have more rights than any other prisoner and were not considered criminals. Prison superintendent William H. Whittaker thought differently and demanded his guards teach the women a lesson. Therefore, they barged into the room the women were waiting in and dragged them into the hallway where they were thrown into their filthy dark cells. Eventually, after getting a lot of women's medical attention, the increasing public pressure caused Alice Paul and Lucy Burns along with other suffragists to get released. This event is important because it showed the public how mistreated women are and it caused President Wilson to speak to the public calling congress to do something about the suffrage amendment.

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The Night of Terror_ When Suffragists Were Imprisoned and Tortured - HISTORY.pdf

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1918- Increasing supportiveness of the movement

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1918- Increasing supportiveness of the movement

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Representative Rankin presented a debate to the house about the suffrage amendment. The amendment did not meet the requirements of two-thirds in the senate, therefore it fails. Even though it failed, President Woodrow Wilson showed his support for women's suffrage women to the public and support for the amendment. States such as Oklahoma, Michigan, and South Dakota adopted woman suffrage. Women suffragists knowing that they have the president's support and the support of several states increased the motivation and the need to get the rights for women. Also, knowing that the president supports women's suffrage and the people he could potentially influence and increase the movement and change the opinions of those who think differently. The president also announced that the need for women to vote is urgently needed as a war measure.

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Kami Export - Woman Suffrage Timeline (1840-1920) — History of U.S. Woman's Suffrage.pdf

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Jan 1- Feb 10, 1919- Watchfires of Freedom

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Jan 1- Feb 10, 1919- Watchfires of Freedom

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The first official Watchfire of Freedom was a tree in
Philadelphia’s Independence Mall in front of the White House gates is lit by suffragists from the NWP (National Women's Party). Suffragists were often harassed as crowds tried to extinguish the flame and arrests were made. Even if the crowd did extinguish the flame, the suffragists would light it up again no matter the circumstances. By January 29, there were still some suffragists protecting the flame while 29 suffragists were doing hunger strikes in the prison they were held at. The Watchfire was successful because it caused the senate to schedule a vote on the suffrage bill on February 10 to stop the fire demonstrations. For the bill to pass, there was only 1 vote needed. To ensure that that last vote was a yes, the suffragists created a 2-foot-tall figure that was meant to be burned. Sue White accused the president of keeping women in political slavery, then proceeded to drop the urn on the figure which caused all the women to be immediately arrested. In the end, the bill was voted down. This event is important because it caused the government to change and do action to get closer to the goal of NAWSA and NWP. For example, because of the Watchfire, they had to schedule a second vote which in the end was very beneficial.

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Kami Export - Suffragette City 100 - 77. Watchfires of Freedom.pdf

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May 21- August 26, 1920 19th Amendment Ratification 

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May 21- August 26, 1920 19th Amendment Ratification 

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The House of Representatives passed the amendment and the senate followed along 2 weeks later. The final obstacle was on August 18 when the 36th state, Tennessee, ratified the amendment. Finally, the Secretary of State Bainbridge Colby verified the ratification on August 26. Although women gained the right to vote, many people of color and indigenous were denied the right they deserved. Obviously, this is very significant because all the women's suffrage organizations finally got the amendment they needed to display their political opinion.

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Kami Export - 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution_ Women's Right to Vote (1920) _ National Archives.pdf

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The strongest turning point of this movement the Watchfire of Freedom event.