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After a decade of conflict, Syria remains the world’s largest refugee crisis. More than 6.8 million Syrians have fled their country and another 6.9 million have been internally displaced.

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Stories like that of Aylan Kurdi, the Syrian boy whose body washed up on a Turkish shore after drowning on the journey to Greece, and Osama Abdul Muhsen, the Syrian refugee father who was kicked and tripped on camera by a Hungarian journalist, have shown how the Syrian refugee crisis is experienced on a human level. But the severity of the crisis becomes much clearer when you zoom out and see how it unfolds on a continental scale:

Most of the world's 19 million refugees are not Syrian - about 4 million are from Syria - so the story of the global refugee crisis is far from just a Syrian story. And many of the stories told in this map, particularly the difficult journeys into and then across Europe, apply to migrants from other countries as well, such as Eritrea, Iraq, Afghanistan, and many others. This map focuses on Syrians because the Syrian refugee crisis is itself an important story, and also because it is representative of the broader refugee crisis.

One of the first things you'll notice in this map is that the largest population of Syrian refugees isn't in Europe - it's in the Middle East, in Syria's neighboring countries, often in vast and underfunded UN-run refugee camps. That is an important part of why so many refugees are traveling to Europe: Many see little hope of returning home to Syria anytime soon, and see little future for themselves and their families in the camps in Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan.

Another story this map helps to tell is the number of routes into the European Union, and particularly toward the more northern EU states that are often more likely to accept refugees. Syrian refugees in Turkey or Lebanon frequently go across the eastern Mediterranean to Greece from Turkey, but some also travel to Egypt and take the trans-Mediterranean route there. Some go across land entirely, crossing from Turkey into Bulgaria.

These routes are dangerous. Refugees crossing the Mediterranean often travel in poorly constructed dinghies that make even the short trip from Turkey to Greece dangerous. Around 2,700 people (that's a total, not just Syrians) have died so far trying to cross the Mediterranean, including roughly 200 in one desperate late-August boat trip.

And even when you get to land, you're not safe: 71 migrants crammed into a truck suffocated to death in a truck in Austria, also in late August. So those arrows on the map, big and small, by no means indicate secure travel routes - rather, they point to roads and seaways born out of desperation.

Once on the European continent, Syrian refugees often go to the Balkans to enter the EU at Hungary or Croatia. But even once in the EU, refugees must confront a number of European countries that are working to keep them out, or keep them from moving freely across Europe. The border controls between Hungary and its neighbors, for example, or between Austria and Germany are a major and at times perilous impediment to refugees.

Such border controls are also, many argue, against the spirit of the EU, among which the Schengen Area countries (marked in purple) are supposed to allow free movement across one another's borders.

As you can see on the map, Hungary has built a fence on its border to keep out refugees. Greece, already reeling from its own financial crisis, has been unable to process the thousands of migrants - forcing refugees in places like Lesbos to set up impromptu tent cities near the port.

Most displaced Syrian, though, are still in Syria: about 8 million. In total, there are about 12 million Syrians who've been forced to flee their homes. It's a disaster.

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The Syrian refugee crisis, explained in one map

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Stories like that of Aylan Kurdi, the Syrian boy whose body washed up on a Turkish shore after drowning on the journey to Greece, and Osama Abdul Muhsen, the Syrian refugee father who was kicked and tripped on camera by a Hungarian journalist, have shown how the Syrian refugee crisis is experienced on a human level.

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Syria is the largest ongoing refugee crisis in the world right now.

Before Syria's brutal war started in 2011, more than 22 million people called the nation home. After eight years of violence and civil war, the Syrian crisis has already displaced over 5.4 million refugees. Now, hundreds of thousands of refugees are in harm's way due to the worsening conflict.

We've seen heart-wrenching photos and heard rhetoric that inspires fear, anger, and distrust, but what are the facts about Syrians fleeing their homes and creating a global refugee crisis of epic proportions?

With such a long, complex history, we know it can be daunting to understand why this is happening and how you can help. Keep reading to learn everything you need to know about the Syria refugee crisis, what Food for the Hungry (FH) is doing to help, and how you can join us in our work.
What is currently happening in Syria?
The Syrian Civil War has escalated once again. Increasing conflict and violence are putting millions of children and families at risk. A new Turkish military offensive launched last on October 9, 2019, in northeastern Syria, escalating the conflict with ground troops, airstrikes, and sniper fire. Since last week, at least 160,000 have been displaced, and at least 170,000 children are in need of humanitarian assistance as a result of ongoing violence in the area ( UNICEF). Colder temperatures setting in across the region are worsening the situation.
What is the history of the Syrian refugee crisis?
Syria's refugee crisis began in March 2011 as pro-democracy protests turned violent, sparking even more protests by hundreds of thousands of Syrians. Violence escalated into civil war. According to the United Nations, an estimated 90,000 people died by June 2013. That number climbed to 250,000 by August 2015 and had drawn in neighboring countries, world powers, jihadists, and the Islamic State (ISIS).

Horrific human rights violations have been reported over the years. These include public executions, beheadings, amputations, and the use of chemical weapons against civilians. People fled for their lives, leaving behind their belongings, friends, family, and any sense of welfare or security.

Half of Syria's pre-war population is displaced due to violence since the start of the civil war. Over five million people - half of them children - are refugees in other countries. They live in tents or dilapidated buildings and are desperate for food, shelter, water, and other necessities. Many parents helplessly watch while their children wither away.
Where are Syrian refugees living now?
Most refugees fled to the neighboring countries of Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan where FH is offering aid in partnership with MERATH and the Integral Alliance. As of October 2019, Turkey has taken in over 3.6 million Syrian refugees. With host communities in the Middle East overwhelmed - food, medical care and other necessities dangerously scarce - a wave of 1 million people flooded several countries in Europe in August 2017, which are also struggling to integrate and provide for the refugees.
What happened to the other half of the population?
Another 6.1 million people are internally displaced in Syria - trapped inside a country devastated by war, surviving on the edge of life, surrounded by horrors too brutal to imagine, and struggling to survive in the country's shattered infrastructure and economy.
Read one refugee family's harrowing story. How is Food for the Hungry responding to the Syrian refugee crisis?
Since 2013, FH has partnered with MERATH (Middle East Revive and Thrive) to work through local churches both within Syria and in neighboring countries Lebanon and Iraq where refugees have fled. Currently, FH, Integral Alliance, and MERATH are meeting vital, immediate needs of vulnerable families with emergency food aid, shelter, and winterization support, as well as educational assistance for children including child-friendly spaces, psychological counseling, and more.

FH is also supporting our global relief partner Medical Teams International (MTI) in the rapid needs assessment of conditions throughout the conflict zone as shifting alliances amongst the warring groups will impact many.

Additionally, we have also signed a statement by the Great Commandment/Great Commission Summit pledging our organization's ongoing help to Syrian refugees.
What challenges do Syrian refugees face?
Lack of income is one of the biggest struggles refugees face. Without money, parents can't provide for their families, which puts children in danger of disease and death. Crowded spaces and lack of resources have also made hygiene a huge concern. Due to lack of clean water and sanitation, diseases like polio and cholera easily spread. In some locations, water shortages have severely impacted the population; refugees in these areas get only 30 liters of water per person per day.

More than half of all Syrian refugees are under 18. Many have been out of school for months or years. A lack of education threatens to trap them into a generation of poverty even after the war is over. These children and teens have lost their homes, schools, families, and friends.
How are Syrian refugee children impacted?
The struggles of this conflict most heavily fall on children. UNICEF estimates that 2.6 million children remain displaced inside Syria, with 2.5 million children living as refugees in neighboring countries.

Everyone is exposed to violence and displacement due to war. However, kids are particularly vulnerable to health risks, abuse, or exploitation. Millions can no longer pursue an education, which will set back their mental growth and development for years. Many Syrian kids are also drafted into the war. Or they are captured on the long trips they must make to safety. Syrian children are in desperate need of safety and shelter, food, clean water, and simple warmth.

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Syrian Refugee Crisis: What You Need to Know and How to Help - Syrian Arab Republic

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Syria is the largest ongoing refugee crisis in the world right now. Before Syria's brutal war started in 2011, more than 22 million people called the nation home. After eight years of violence and civil war, the Syrian crisis has already displaced over 5.4 million refugees.

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Kurzgesagt - In a Nutshell - The European Refugee Crisis and Syria Explained (Re-upload)