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The article titled “Review of the Concepts of Ethics and Morals in Light of SDG 8,” written by Javier Jaspe and Ana Ortega in 2023, explores the ethical and moral conflicts businesses encounter in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth). It focuses on how to balance corporate interests with social responsibility in the pursuit of economic sustainability, labor rights, and a fair working environment. The article analyzes the differences between “ethics” and “morality” and delves into the application of these concepts within the fields of labor, production, and sustainability. Furthermore, it reveals the complex ethical issues that arise from corporate environmental policies in the context of technological change, globalization, and workplace inequality. The article points out that automation and technological innovation can enhance production efficiency but also lead to layoffs and employee unemployment. This reflects a classic ethical dilemma: companies need to implement automation to survive and remain competitive, yet these measures often harm the interests of individual employees. As the article mentions, “While this decision strengthens the company's competitive position, it negatively impacts individual employees” (Jaspe, J., & Ortega, A., 2023). This article closely examines business ethics, especially within the framework of SDG 8, discussing how to balance economic growth with social responsibility. It offers valuable theoretical insights to help companies navigate the complexities of achieving both decent work and sustainable economic development in today’s dynamic environment.Assessing Ethics and Sustainability Standards in Corporate Practices" written by Walter Leal Filho, La í s Viera Trevisan, and other authors, the key role of ethical standards in corporate decision-making and the corporate environment is also emphasized. It is pointed out that “Ethical behavior can not only enhance customer trust and satisfaction, but also help improve corporate social responsibility and economic benefits”(Chigbu& Nekhwevha, 2023).It is highly consistent with the ethical issues mentioned in the main article of this article.

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DALL·E 2024-10-19 15.44.02 - A conceptual image illustrating the balance between corporate interests and social responsibility in the context of Sustainable Development Goal 8 (De

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This article will explain three ethical theories closely related to business ethics issues, which can not only explain the ethical conflicts faced by businesses in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 8, but are also closely related to the cited article topics. The first is utilitarianism, which holds that the moral value of an action depends on its benefit to the greatest number of people, known as the 'principle of maximum happiness'. Decision makers should choose the plan that can bring the greatest overall happiness, even if individual interests may be compromised. Jaspe and Ortega (2023) discussed the conflicts brought about by automation and technological innovation. According to utilitarianism, although the adoption of automation by enterprises may lead to the unemployment of some employees, it is desirable if these measures can improve enterprise efficiency and promote economic growth. This theory supports the pursuit of overall economic benefits by enterprises, even if individual employees suffer losses, which is reflected in improving productivity and economic growth in the context of achieving SDG 8. The second is Deontology, proposed by Kant, which holds that moral behavior should be based on universally applicable principles and obligations, rather than being dependent on outcomes. Individuals or businesses should abide by certain ethical rules, regardless of the consequences. In Jaspe and Ortega's (2023) article, the contradiction between corporate layoffs and employee unemployment reveals the conflict of corporate obligations. According to the theory of obligation, enterprises should uphold the responsibility of treating employees fairly, safeguard their labor rights, and not neglect employee well-being in pursuit of efficiency. This is consistent with the goals of decent work and a fair working environment advocated by SDG 8. The third is Virtue Ethics, which emphasizes the character and moral virtues of individuals and organizations, rather than just focusing on the results of behavior or adherence to rules. Moral decision-making should reflect virtues such as integrity, compassion, and responsibility. Jaspe and Ortega (2023) mentioned the complex ethical issues faced by businesses due to globalization, technological change, and workplace inequality. Virtue ethics require companies to not only focus on economic goals, but also demonstrate care and social responsibility towards employees. This is consistent with SDG 8's requirement for businesses to create inclusive and fair working environments.

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This article highlights the importance of business ethics in guiding corporate decision-making, helping companies establish ethical leadership in transparency, fairness, and trust, thereby enhancing employee and stakeholder loyalty. By integrating ethical principles into corporate strategy, our team is better able to address the challenges of sustainable development goals, and this ethical framework is crucial for achieving the successful implementation of SDG 8, helping us gain a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between ethics and economic growth.

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1.Jaspe, J., & Ortega, A. (2023). Review of the concepts of ethics and morals in light of SDG 8. Philosophies, 8(4), 61

https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies8040061

2.Chigbu, B. I., & Nekhwevha, F. (2023). Exploring the concepts of decent work through the lens of SDG 8: Addressing challenges and inadequacies. Frontiers in Sociology, 8, Article 1266141.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2023.1266141

3.Leal Filho, W., Trevisan, L. V., Pires Eustachio, J. H., Rampasso, I. S., Anholon, R., Platje, J., Will, M., Doni, F., Mazhar, M., Borsatto, J. M. L. S., & Marcolin, C. B. (2024). Assessing ethics and sustainability standards in corporate practices. Social Responsibility Journal, 20(5), 880-897

Assessing ethics and sustainability standards in corporate practices | Emerald Insight

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1.https://youtu.be/g2DlV-aatBg?si=T6eJxuROWC5Xmz25

2.Employment, decent work for all and social protection | Department of Economic and Social Affairs (un.org)

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Against the backdrop of rapid globalization and technological innovation, businesses face ethical challenges in balancing profit maximization and social responsibility in their pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth). Although automation and technological innovation can improve production efficiency and competitiveness, they may also lead to increased employee unemployment, job instability, and social inequality. Therefore, companies have a moral obligation to adopt responsible strategies to achieve economic growth without harming the well-being of employees, communities, and the environment. As noted by Javier Jaspe and Ana Ortega (2023) in their article *"Review of the Concepts of Ethics and Morals in Light of SDG 8," achieving this balance requires companies to go beyond short-term financial goals and focus on long-term sustainable practices, such as employee retraining, skill enhancement, and providing career transition plans. These measures help ensure that economic progress can accommodate technological changes and create meaningful employment opportunities. In this process, business ethics are crucial, guiding corporate decision-making towards transparency, fairness, and trust. Moral leadership not only maintains the reputation of a company but also enhances employee loyalty and stakeholder trust, helping the company thrive in the competitive market. Ultimately, integrating ethical principles into business strategy is the key to combining innovation with social responsibility and achieving shared prosperity between businesses and society.

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DALL·E 2024-10-19 15.41.19 - A visually striking scene showing a modern cityscape with skyscrapers, symbolizing rapid globalization and technological innovation. In the foreground

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In summary, the discussion on Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth) emphasizes the balance between economic progress and social responsibility. While technological advancements, such as automation, improve efficiency, they also present ethical challenges by destabilizing employment. Drawing on insights from some articles, we explored how utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics help businesses pursue economic growth while safeguarding employee welfare.The importance of these discussions lies in recognizing that economic growth should not come at the expense of social equity. In the context of globalization and technological change, businesses must integrate ethical principles into their strategies to create long-term social value. SDG 8 encourages companies to focus on employee development, fair labor practices, and responsible innovation, ensuring that economic progress genuinely improves lives. Achieving this balance fosters trust and transparency, providing essential guidance for businesses to thrive sustainably on a global scale.