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Today we started a new module: Student-centered Approaches. It was a very interesting and attractive topic. I was very impressed with this module. The lecture excited me because I learned a lot of new information about different skills and how I can apply these approaches in my future academic career. I'm very optimistic about this module because it contains new tools and information that will expand my knowledge as a lecturer. The lecture started smoothly, and every student got the chance to introduce themselves by describing their personality, interest, hobby and free time management.
Define pedagogy as the method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or theoretical concept.
Why have you chosen to become a teacher?
To make a difference in the student's lives and their families.
What does teaching mean to you? or what would you like to achieve through teaching? It means creativity, critical thinking and leadership that have a positive impact on society.

What is learner- center approach and why it is important?
It is a method of teaching in which the student decide not only what to learn but although how and why.
Student-centered approach focuses on creativity, cooperation, better retention, and diversity in the learning process.
Some people assume that teaching is a process of catching a goal and the point of the target. While others strongly believe that is the process of delivering knowledge and information to reach the point.
A Thousand Brains is a book that is strongly recommended. This book is focus on the theory that the human brain can analyze, process information and achieve intelligence.
One of the most pressing world problems nowadays is a lot of knowledge and information around us. To distinguish between true, fake and nonessential knowledge you have to analyze, investigate and evaluate the truth of this knowledge.
These are three main themes that we have to focus on and discuss widely in this module.
1.  Student-centered approaches
2. Learning theories
3. Psychology of teaching and learning
Finally, we discussed the book Pedagogy of the Oppressed 50th Anniversary Edition which is written by Paulo Freire.
The book, which suggests a pedagogy with a new relationship between teacher, student, and society, is regarded as one of the founding books of critical pedagogy.

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Student center: Allow students actively participate in their learning. It focuses on the activity of students.
The learner is at the center of the learning process in student-centered approaches. With these strategies, the focus is shifted from traditional teacher center education to a more interactive, individualized learning experience for each student. The objective is to give students more control and adapt to their specific learning requirements and interests.
Assumptions and misunderstandings related to student-centered approaches include individual assume and the lack of interest between teacher and students. Learners feel irritation and tenderness during teamwork.
Even in student centers obligatory subjects and modules are involved in the program.
Eye contact is an important characteristic of a successful speaker.
Pedagogy is defined as the art, science and profession of teaching. Approved evidence that includes profession, art and science of the learning process.
In a class, the students' diversity is crucial and the level of intelligence between students should be recognized by the lecturer.
Student-centered learning is not a concrete system of learning. Student-centered learning is a constructive building block for transferring skills, creative thinking and problem-solving, confidence collaboration and cooperation.
Negotiation, discussion and communication should be included in student-centered learning.

The principles in student-centered approaches
Principle one: Does no one-size principle in the student center.
Principle tow: Require continuous reflective practice and approaches
Principle three: Student diversity and they have different learning styles.
Principle four: They have different prior experiences and backgrounds.

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Mindset and good intentions from the students. A positive attitude lets me relax, remember, focus and absorb information as I learn.
Show and demonstrate SCL without just talking about that. You should have continuously harmonized in discussion and negotiation.
Flipped classroom important aspect of a successful SCL. The feeling of ownership by the students and appreciation of them continuously. Training and prior experience make you a strong point in the learning process.
You should be simple and clear about what you stay for. The idea of a university, the cultural sign of a university and the openness of a university should be considered.
Game of Thrones film, at its core, the plot is a struggle for power who holds it, who wants it, and how they intend to acquire it. Themes of honor, justice, vengeance, and redemption are interlaced amongst discussions of morality, ethics, and familial ties.
Be aware of flexibility and assertiveness in a class.

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20230813 Psychology of Teaching and Learning

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20230813 Psychology of Teaching and Learning

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The start of the day is the practice activity. The differences between individuals responding to the needs of the learner. What is differentiation? How to answer the individual's need.
It is a way of thinking that enables teachers to make strategic plans in order to meet the different learning needs of today's classes must meet specific norms.
Differentiation is important because gives each student the chance to follow learning goals at a steady pace. Whatever subject you're teaching, some students will find a certain topic interesting while others won't, and students will learn the same topic in varied lengths of time.
1. Different levels of multiple intelligences
What is multiple intelligence: It refers to a hypothesis outlining the various methods by which students pick up knowledge. In addition to the use of words, mathematics, visuals, and music, these multiple intelligences also emphasize the value of social relationships, reflection, physical exercise, and becoming in touch with the world.
2. Learning styles: visual, kinesthetic, stress, relaxation, ease.
3. Left – Right Brain theory
The right Brain function is controlled by the left hand. Most commonly associated with creativity and 3D forms.
The left Brain function is controlled by the right hand. Most commonly associated with logic and languages.

What kind of teaching methods do you prefer?
I prefer student-centered methods.
Flipped classroom.
How would you like to have the teaching materials?
Through new technologies.
Listening to the topics (Audio).
How would you like to be assessed?
Oral discussion.
The oral tone and the fluctuation in the tone of voice.

Dealing with memory or dealing with meaning!
Does the teacher ask you to memorize the material or understand the materials?
Understanding materials is very important for me.
How to retain the information?
Organizing materials the way they are meaningful.
Relate your experience to your prior life experience
Connect topics together
What learning styles you prefer can be managed by the type of materials you have to learn.
Clarifying and understanding the materials is a fundamental aspect of learning.

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A. Experiential learning
Learning from experience. Examples
You have to practice so involvement in the matter by doing so you become part of the experience and experiential skills. Team working and collaboration play a crucial role in that aspect. Circulate in four different steps the involvement of the student and sharing their idea.
step1 Concrete experience
Step2 Reflective experience
Step3 Abstract conceptualization
Step4 Active Experimentation.
B. Connectivism and social networking theory 2005
(Siemens)
The impact of modern communication and technologies.
In this theory, learning is seen as a process in which through technologies individuals not only acquire information but also learning is achieved by using technologies.
Self-assessment to interactive assessment with the social network. The role of the teacher support, facilitate and organize the learning process. Guide for learner, trainer, model and decision maker. Helps students enhance their learning skills.
Student role includes criticism of the idea, creativity of learning, development communication, and being a leader for other learners.
C. Behaviorism Theory
All human behavior is acquired through a learning process.
Behaviorist believes that our actions are shaped by environmental stimuli.
How the environment affects learner attitude. The meaning of punishment and reinforcement is a crucial aspect of this theory. I believe that learning is a new behavior through interaction with the environment. Learn through operating conditions and the teaching process is planned by emphasizing repetition and reinforcement.
Learners are assessed and evaluated by reward and punishment.
Student role responds to reinforcement, and pace themselves in an assignment.
Human behavior is the result of learning so it can be changed by manipulating and creating learning conditions. Behaviorism theory strongly emphasizes behavior. Feedback and assessment, positive reinforcement, active responding and self-directed learning are important aspects of behaviorism theory.

D. Cognitive Learning Theory (Piaget)
How you gain knowledge, apply beneficially, and learn to consider adaptation to the environment, stimuli, and assimilation. They are four important steps of cognitive development. Cognitive learning theory makes me active in engagement and participation in different innovative ideas. Deep learning and reflection are crucial aspects of cognitive learning theory. The most applicable assessment in this theory could be a formative assessment discussion reflection critical thinking and problem-solving.

E. Constructivism and social constructivism
Children's development goes through distinct stages from adulthood. This theory illustrates the influence that culture and language have on the cognitive development of children.
Practical work experimental learning should be considered in this theory.

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Group 5: Intrinsic motivation in student
Intrinsic motivation, driven by internal interest and satisfaction, can lead to sustained engagement, deep learning g and critical thinking, and it is a more effective strategy than extrinsic motivation.

Group 1: How to Avoid Death by PowerPoint
1. One message per slide
2. Redunanacy effect
3. Size The most essential feature is the size of the text.
4. Contrast will control your focus
5. Using black background is not convenient for the eyes
6. Maximum six items per slide.

Group 3: INvolving Learners in Decision-Making
How to involve students in decision-making
1 . Assignments and projects
2. Invite students to design their own homework.
3. The learning process invites students to the role of the teacher for a day.
4. At the level of subject selection and activity preparation.
Students decide which subject to choose including electives.
5. Student choice of activity pattern according to individual differences.
6. Decision-making in the use of technology.
Good decisions come from experience. The experience came from making bad decisions.

Group 4: Building Trust
1. Give students responsibility
2. Develop a classroom atmosphere of trust through relationships and communication. Decision-making and action are the core factors of success.
3. Be tolerant through open communication respecting differences and developing critical thinking.
4. Be consistent through reliable availability, predictability, feedback and evaluation.
5. Show integrity and fairness

Group 6: Student Responsibility
1. Attending class
2. Note-taking
3. Course material, students bring all acquired requirements like textbooks and supplemental materials.
4. Participation of the students actively.
5. Behaviour and respect, exhibit respectful behavior in a classroom.
6. Caring for school property, respecting and taking care of school facilities and resources.
7. Time management
8. Completing homework, doing assignments and activities  on time.
Student responsibility is essential for success in school and beyond.

Group 7: Developing ownership of learning
It means the learner is motivated and self-directed in assessing themselves which increases student achievement, student engagement and celebrates students' values. Creating spaces for everyone to contribute. Using students to be resources for one another. Focusing on long-term goals rather than the here and now.