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How did Rome establish itself, spread and influence Western culture?

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How did Rome establish itself, spread and influence Western culture?

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Rome established itself in Western culture by providing part of the foundation of Western culture. In, other countries aspects of Rome are everywhere, from expert roads, to the use of water in aqueducts, or the use of sculpting buildings. It also allowed itself to spread by adapting with new ideas that could better their society. For example Rome used to support many gods then Constantinople converted Rome to a Christian monotheistic religion allowing it to influence itself among other cultures that were different at the time. Another example of this is Rome used to be a democracy based society, then it converted to a central authoritarian figure to govern all of it's new territories to eliminate corruption embedded in Rome. These new ideas in Rome's past time are used by countries today, such as North Korea having a dictator to run their country or smaller countries making their own religion to make their own culture.

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Roman society was very hierarchal. It was based off of ancestry, census, and citizenship. The males in the household had special powers being able to participate in government and were able to do things women couldn't. If your ancestry included a emperor or a divine individual they were higher up into society. The rankings were based off of how much property an individual's family had the highest being senatorial class having governmental power and proletarii being the bottom having little to no land.

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Roman economics started with agrarian, which includes agricultural landowners, laborers, and tenant farmers. Then after the intelligent development of roads and the expansion of the empire it made it much easier to transport goods. In addition to this Romans used a currency system, using coins to trade direct resources. Romans also used the Mediterranean to trade items such as grapes, oil, and grain were a few of the major items.

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Rome had two main political systems it had a republic and an empire. In other words it went from a representative democracy and to a centralized authority. The republic was strong as stood for a while, but Rome's power and territory expanded struggle was intense. People became power hungry, then Julius Caesar a famous Roman emperor decided to take full control of Rome, making it easier for Rome. However there were lots of emperors due to conflicts so both had it's pros and cons.

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Romans achieved lots in their time as an empire and a republic. For example Romans were the first to use Aqueducts and they also had an elaborate road system, which are things that are still used in present time. Romans also heavily advanced the use of poetry many Roman poets inspired Shakespeare and other poets to make classic poems. Finally, Romans were professionals at using sculpting art using marble. Examples of these are people in Roman history like Julius Caesar, Mark Antony, and Octavia.

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Rome adapted to many different religions in the beginning they were a polytheistic supporting the idea of many gods. Such as Jupiter, Juno, Mars, and Venus being very similar to the Greeks gods. Gods were worshipped in temples one temple for one god. Animal sacrifice was one of the many parts of the religion. Then in 313 AD Constantine adopted Christianity. Not only converting religions, but converting to the idea of one god or being monotheistic.

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Ancient Roman Architecture was a combination of new materials, such as concrete in construction. Also it utilized new techniques such as the arch and dome to make larger and stronger buildings. This is important in Roman culture because it created some of it's most important buildings. Such as the Colosseum, Pantheon, and the Arch of Constantine. Buildings provide the groundwork for Roman culture through architecture, it gives them what they need for day to day life, entertainment, and places for religious purposes. It also makes historic places in Rome's history that wouldn't be Rome without it.

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Octavia born in 69 BC was the full sister of Octavian and the wife of Mark Antony. Before 54 BC she married to Gaius Marcellus. She then married Mark Antony in 40 BC, this allowed for tension between Octavian and Mark to settle down as they had conflicts in the past. Resulting in a Treaty of Tarentum. However Anthony left Italy and had kids with Cleopatra and then ultimately divorced Octavia. Raising her kids on her own and having her son die, made her withdraw herself from public affairs.

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Mark Antony was an infamous Roman general who later became a politician, married Cleopatra, and then committed suicide with her. Being born in 83 BC to a wealthy family, having his father die when he was 9 years old. In 57 BC joined the military and was sent to Egypt to bring the Pharaoh back meeting Cleopatra. Next he moved to Gaul to serve under Julius Caesar as a general racking up multiple victories. Leading him to become a political advocate for Julius Caesar and would eventually leading to him fleeing Rome due to Pompey's, a political opposite's supporters. This led him to Cleopatra and then they married and ultimately died together. However Anthony was a important reason why Rome changed from a republic to an imperial system.

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Julius Caesar was one of Rome's most famous politicians. He was born in 100 BC to a powerful family. Julius started politics young as Rome was falling apart and became the governor of Spain, a Roman province. Then, he became the governor of Gaul for 8 years claiming multiple military battles, giving him power. Eventually Julius named himself the ever lasting dictator of Rome, which ultimately caused him to be assassinated by his heir in 44 BC.

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Rome was located on the Mediterranean mostly. This allowed them to trade them with many cities. They also utilized ships for the sea. Also, the surrounding land had lots of mountains and hills which in the beginning of Rome's times allowed them to defend their city.