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Mordançage is an alternative photographic process that alters silver gelatin prints to give them a degraded effect. The mordançage solution works in two ways: it chemically bleaches the print so that it can be redeveloped, and it lifts the black areas of the emulsion away from the paper giving the appearance of veils.

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Computational photography is best described as digital photography which maximizes the use of software to enhance digital images. It's been in use ever since the first digital image. Many don't realize or don't consider that all digital photography is computational photography.

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Glitch art is an art movement centering around the practice of using digital or analog errors, more so glitches, for aesthetic purposes by either corrupting digital data or physically manipulating electronic devices.

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Forensic photography creates a permanent visual record of the crime scene in the state in which it was originally found and plays a huge role throughout the entire investigation. It also plays a beneficial role in reconstructing the events which took place and give jurors a clear image of the crime.

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A traditional bodyscape is a photograph of the human form, posed and lit in such a way the the body looks like an abstract landscape.

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Long exposure photography is the name given to the technique in which the camera's shutter is left open during a somewhat lengthy period of time. The resulting image captures the trail of moving objects in front of the camera, while showing still elements razor sharp.

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Brand photography is the suite of bespoke images used to represent companies and form clear visual identities for marketing materials. It includes all your product photos, team headshots, social media and blog images and every picture you use for digital or print media - but only if they're unique to you.

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Contrast in photography is the visual ratio of different tones in an image. This difference is what creates the textures, highlights, shadows, colors and clarity in a photograph.

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The term refers to the size of your film sheet, that will in turn determine the camera size you'll use as well. Commonly referred to in inches, large format sheet film starts at 4×5, 5x7, and 8x10, going up to ultra large formats such as 11x14, 16×20 and even the incredible size of 20×24 (51 x 61 cm).

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These are wild animals photographed solely in their natural habitats/environments, including Marine life and botanical subjects. Botanical subjects are algae and fungi. Above all, the definitions are for the major photo competitions and exhibitions.

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Ultraviolet or infrared radiation used for fluorescent effects, photography, etc. in the dark. Webster's New World. Invisible ultraviolet or infrared radiation. Black light causes fluorescent materials to emit visible light and is used to take pictures in the dark.

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Panoramic photography is a technique of photography, using specialized equipment or software, that captures images with horizontally elongated fields of view. It is sometimes known as wide format photography.

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Drone photography is the capture of still images and video by a remotely-operated or autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), also known as an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) or, more commonly, as a drone.

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Glamour photography is a genre that focuses on accentuating a subject's beauty and allure, often through the use of professionally styled hair, makeup, and wardrobe.

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A pinhole camera is a simple camera without a lens but with a tiny aperture (the so-called pinhole)—effectively a light-proof box with a small hole in one side. Light from a scene passes through the aperture and projects an inverted image on the opposite side of the box, which is known as the camera obscura effect.

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A photographic image of a generic subject (such as a person, object, or location) that is kept for later use.

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Advertising photography focuses on taking pictures for high-impact advertisements. Companies capture and publish these images for a specific purpose because they feature elements encouraging audience engagement.

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Cityscape photography is a form of landscape photography, but the landscapes in question are elements of a city. Often, these photos are shot with the goal of capturing the skyline of the city. Vantage point, framing, lens choice, and perspective all play a part in creating a compelling image.

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Corporate photography includes all kinds of photographs used for a corporation's needs. The types of corporate photography include portraits, product photos, office environment photos, and event photography. The photographs can then be used in employee recruitment materials or digital training sessions.

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A real estate photographer is an artistic professional who takes favorable photos of commercial and residential property. They work with realtors who use the photos to sell properties online. Real estate photographers may also take photographs for model home builders, designers, home decorators or architects.

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The Photographic Society of America defines a travel photo as an image that expresses the feeling of a time and place, portrays a land, its people, or a culture in its natural state, and has no geographical limitations.

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Event photography is the professional art of snapping high-quality images during a wide variety of important occasions, from personal events like weddings or birthday parties to large public gatherings like corporate events, galas, award ceremonies, and music festivals.

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Storm photography celebrates how our complex atmosphere expresses light and color. And it's important to document the changes in our weather. But before you start photographing storms, educate yourself on the risks and consult the experts so you can stay safe. “Know your subject,” says Reed.

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Pet photography is a type of photography that revolves around taking captivating pet pictures, such as dog pictures, cat pictures, and other animal portraits, to capture the beauty and personality of our furry companions.

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Fantasy photography is a genre of photography that involves creating images that are based on fantasy, mythology, and folklore. Fantasy photos often feature surreal or magical elements, such as fairies, elves, goblins, and dragons.

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Seascapes are considered a branch of landscape photography, so in order to be called a seascape, the shot should represent some kind of landscape with the sea in the frame, obviously.

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Scientific photography is the use of photos to collect scientific data and imagery for scientific research and applied sciences like engineering and medicine.

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Kinetic photography is an experimental photographic technique in which the photographer uses movement resulting from physics to create an image. This typically involves the artist not directly holding the camera, but allowing the camera to react to forces applied to it in order to make a photograph.

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Editorial photography is a type of photography that aims to tell a story or portray a concept. Editorial photography is commonly found in magazines, newspapers, editorial features, and journalism. Unlike commercial photography, editorial photography relies much more on story than it does on a brand.

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Street photography is photography conducted for art or inquiry that features unmediated chance encounters and random incidents within public places, usually with the aim of capturing images at a decisive or poignant moment by careful framing and timing.

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Symbolism is the use of words or images to symbolize specific concepts, people, objects, or events. The key here is that the symbols used aren't literal representations, but figurative or implied ones.

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The quality or state of being synchronous in art

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Tonalism was an artistic style that emerged in the 1880s when American artists began to paint landscape forms with an overall tone of colored atmosphere or mist. Between 1880 and 1915, dark, neutral hues such as gray, brown or blue, often dominated compositions by artists associated with the style.

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Photorealism describes a highly realistic style of art that emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s in New York and California. Using photographic images rather than direct observation as the primary visual reference, artists employed a variety of techniques to achieve stunning levels of verisimilitude.

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The term suprematism refers to an abstract art based upon "the supremacy of pure artistic feeling" rather than on visual depiction of objects.

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Conceptual art, also referred to as conceptualism, is art in which the concept or idea involved in the work are prioritized equally to or more than traditional aesthetic, technical, and material concerns. Some works of conceptual art may be constructed by anyone simply by following a set of written instructions. 

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Art Nouveau, ornamental style of art that flourished between about 1890 and 1910 throughout Europe and the United States. Art Nouveau is characterized by its use of a long, sinuous, organic line and was employed most often in architecture, interior design, jewelry and glass design, posters, and illustration.

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A style of painting, music, or drama in which the artist or writer seeks to express emotional experience rather than impressions of the external world.

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Impressionist photography. Description: Impressionist photography is a style of photography that utilizes long exposures to add blur to a photo, creating a dreamy look to the image reminiscent of the impressionist art of the 19th century.

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The aesthetic movement was a late nineteenth century movement that championed pure beauty and 'art for art's sake' emphasising the visual and sensual qualities of art and design over practical, moral or narrative considerations.

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The term generally refers to photographs that are not manipulated, either in the taking of the image or by darkroom or digital processes, but sharply depict the scene or subject as the camera sees it.

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The name pictures generation was given to a group of American artists who came of age in the early 1970s and who were known for their critical analysis of media culture.

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64, loose association of California photographers who promoted a style of sharply detailed, purist photography. The group, formed in 1932, constituted a revolt against Pictorialism, the soft-focused, academic photography that was then prevalent among West Coast artists.

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The Dusseldorf School of Photography refers to a group of photographers who studied at the Kunstakademie Dusseldorf in the mid 1970s under the influential photographers Bernd and Hilla Becher.

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Dada was an art movement formed during the First World War in Zurich in negative reaction to the horrors and folly of the war. The art, poetry and performance produced by dada artists is often satirical and nonsensical in nature.

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The Scheimpflug principle is a description of the geometric relationship between the orientation of the plane of focus, the lens plane, and the image plane of an optical system (such as a camera) when the lens plane is not parallel to the image plane.

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Social documentary photography or concerned photography is the recording of what the world looks like, with a social and/or environmental focus. It is a form of documentary photography, with the aim to draw the public's attention to ongoing social issues.

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When taking photographs to 'open up' or 'opening up' refers to the practice of allowing more light to be recorded by a photographic medium for example a camera film or sensor. Opening up can be done in one of two ways; By selecting a larger aperture setting on a lens, or setting a longer exposure time on a camera.

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In photography, stopping down refers to increasing the numerical f-stop number (for example, going from f/2 to f/4), which decreases the size (diameter) of the aperture of a lens, resulting in reducing the amount of light entering the iris of a lens.

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Barn doors are light modifiers that shape and direct light. They are flexible to use and can create focused light. They also make a variety of shapes. Barn doors are fixed onto the front of studio or theatre lights. They have four hinged doors around the light source.

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Pronounced “zhee-clay,” the word giclee is French for “to spray.” This literal interpretation of the word defines what the art of giclee printing is: reproducing art through a printer to exactly resemble an original piece.

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Duotone (sometimes also known as Duplex) is a halftone reproduction of an image using the superimposition of one contrasting color halftone over another color halftone. This is most often used to bring out middle tones and highlights of an image.

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Contre-jour is a photographic technique in which the camera is pointing directly toward a source of light, as well as an equivalent technique of painting.

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Combination printing is a photographic technique of using the negatives of two or more images in conjunction with one another to create a single image. Henry Peach Robinson's When the Day's Work is Done, 1877. A combination print made from six different negatives.

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A circular polarizer is designed to do one thing: remove or control reflections from surfaces like water, glass, paint, leaves, sky, buildings, streets, and the list goes on. When light hits those surfaces they create glare that increases highlights, reduces color and detail.

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Pulling film: In contrast to pushing, pulling film involves intentionally overexposing it and then compensating for the overexposure during development.

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Push processing in photography, sometimes called uprating, refers to a film developing technique that increases the effective sensitivity of the film being processed. Push processing involves developing the film for more time, possibly in combination with a higher temperature, than the manufacturer's recommendations.

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A reflective meter measures the intensity of light bouncing off the subject you're photographing. Because the meter measures the light after hitting the subject, how reflective the subject is or isn't will affect what the meter “thinks” is the proper exposure setting.

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An incident meter (sometimes called a bulb-meter) works by reading the intensity of the light that falls onto the subject, as opposed to reading the light reflected off of the subject as the reflective meter does. Usually, you take the reading from the position of the subject.

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Lomography is a photographic style which involves taking spontaneous photographs with minimal attention to technical details.

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Femto-photography is a technique for recording the propagation of ultrashort pulses of light through a scene at a very high speed

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Pictorialism, an approach to photography that emphasizes beauty of subject matter, tonality, and composition rather than the documentation of reality.

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A partial reversal of tones in a photograph due to exposure to light during development, resulting in an image with a combination of normal and reversed polarity.

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The snapshot aesthetic refers to the appropriation of re-creation of traits of the snapshot. This developed from the 1960s when it was recognised as a form of 'folk art', that is, a format that was outside the art canon. Its purpose is the recording of meaningful moments and delights in its familial sharing.

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A toy camera is an inexpensive camera made almost entirely out of plastic, including the lens. They are usually made in China, Hong Kong, Southeast Asia, or the former Soviet Union.

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The phrase “grip and rip” means exactly the same thing as “spray and pray”. It means to set your camera in a fast burst mode, shooting several photos per second, and then to simply hold down the shutter button while hoping to capture the perfect image.

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The concept of the “decisive moment” implies that the photographer must be able to anticipate an important moment within the constant flow of life, and capture it in a fraction of a second. Therefore, the key thing about the “decisive moment” is the ability to anticipate.

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The term alternative process refers to any non-traditional or non-commercial photographic printing process. Currently, the standard analog photographic printing process for black-and-white photographs is the gelatin silver process.

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The Sunny 16 rule states that, on sunny days, at an aperture of f/16, your shutter speed is the inverse of your ISO value. For instance, if you set your camera at an aperture of f/16 and ISO 100, your shutter speed should be 1/100 s. This is one of the easiest photography rules to remember.

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Focus stacking is a technique designed to achieve a deep depth of field by blending (or stacking) several images together. Each stacked shot is focused in a different spot, so the combined depth of field is deeper than the depth of field produced by any of the individual images.

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We'll tell you beforehand that in digital images, the term “gradation” is not a gradation representing a continuous color, but a “number of colors” in which colors and colors change intermittently. Therefore, in this article, the gradient representation based on the number of colors is called “gradation.”

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All The Gear, No Idea. This phrase refers to a person who has all the camera equipment you can think of but has no idea how to use it.

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Spherical lenses project images onto the sensor without affecting their aspect ratio. Anamorphic lenses, on the other hand, project a version of the image that is compressed along the longer dimension (usually by a factor of two).

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IPS is a screen technology for liquid-crystal displays. In IPS, a layer of liquid crystals is sandwiched between two glass surfaces. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to those surfaces in predetermined directions.

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The process by which a beam of light or other system of waves is spread out as a result of passing through a narrow aperture or across an edge, typically accompanied by interference between the wave forms produced.

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High-key lighting reduces the lighting ratio in the scene, meaning there's less contrast between the darker tones and the brighter areas. Alternatively, low-key lighting has greater contrast between the dark and light areas of the image with a majority of the scene in shadow.

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Low-key lighting is a style of lighting for photography, film or television. It is a necessary element in creating a chiaroscuro effect. Traditional photographic lighting uses a key light, a fill light and a back light for illumination.

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High-key lighting is a style of lighting for film, television, or photography that aims to reduce the lighting ratio present in the scene. This was originally done partly for technological reasons, since early film and television did not deal well with high contrast ratios, but now is used to suggest an upbeat mood.

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Double Backlighting. This is a creative two-light setup that results in dramatic images. It is also called badger lighting because the shadows and light produce a pattern that is similar to the markings on a badger's face. This requires two lights set up at a 45 degree angle behind the subject with two large softboxes.

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The setup is so named because it places two lights at 45-degree angles, one facing up and one facing down, mimicking the shape of a clamshell (it can also be done with a light above and a reflector below). The overhead light is the key and is typically something like a beauty dish.

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A watermark is an identifying image or pattern in paper that appears as various shades of lightness/darkness when viewed by transmitted light, caused by thickness or density variations in the paper. Watermarks have been used on postage stamps, currency, and other government documents to discourage counterfeiting.

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As the name suggests, mirrorless cameras capture images without the use of a mirror in the camera body. This is different from DSLR cameras, which reflect images into viewfinders via mirrors. Instead, mirrorless cameras often use electronic viewfinders (EVF) to display images digitally.

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In optics, chromatic aberration, also called chromatic distortion and spherochromatism, is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. It is caused by dispersion: the refractive index of the lens elements varies with the wavelength of light.

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A CPL filter, or circular polarizer filter, is an essential tool in a photographer's camera bag that can eliminate unwanted reflections.

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In photography and optics, a neutral-density filter, or ND filter, is a filter that reduces or modifies the intensity of all wavelengths, or colors, of light equally, giving no changes in hue of color rendition. It can be a colorless or grey filter, and is denoted by Wratten number 96.

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Astrophotography, also known as astronomical imaging, is the photography or imaging of astronomical objects, celestial events, or areas of the night sky.

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Urbex is a subfield of architecture photography, which takes many different forms. Mostly, it is about exploring the urban habitat and the countless exciting places within it. This usually involves entering abandoned buildings such as old factories, derelict residences or other urban ruins.

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Lifestyle photography ideas focus on portraying a “slice of life.” A lifestyle photography session will usually involve a family — especially the children — performing typical family activities in an interesting way.

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A photograph made by combining several distinct photographs either made one over another on the same plate or made on one print from a number of negatives.

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Photography using film with an emulsion that is sensitive to infrared light, enabling it to be used in misty weather, in darkened interiors, or at night. It has applications in aerial surveys, the detection of forgeries, etc.

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The key light is the first and usually most important light that a photographer, cinematographer, lighting cameraman, or other scene composer will use in a lighting setup. The purpose of the key light is to highlight the form and dimension of the subject.

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A fill light is responsible for exposing the details of a subject that fall in the shadows of the key light. It is the secondary light in the traditional 3 point lighting setup. The fill light is typically positioned opposite of the key light to literally fill in the shadows that the key light creates.

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A big red or blue patch of color in your image that doesn't belong there. If you've seen it, you definitely have wondered, what the heck is this?? Well, that's the clipping feature in Lightroom telling you which highlight areas of your images have no detail (red), and which areas of shadow have no detail (black).

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They are often dust particles or, especially in the Spring and Summer months, pollen. If static charges build up, dust bunnies can become attracted to each other, resulting in large “super” dust bunnies. These can collect on the sensor glass of your camera and result in dark blobs when you image.

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Muddy: If a photo is muddy, the colors are very similar, and nothing in the image stands out. Photos can be muddy if they contain a lot of earthy colors.

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When a photoshop file has hundreds of unnamed layers.

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Tog/Photog: It's short for a photographer. A Street Tog is slang for a street photographer.

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A nifty fifty is a fast 50mm lens. The “nifty” part comes from a very wide aperture—under f/1.8. The “fifty” refers to the focal length. A fast 50mm lens is the closest you can get to the human eye. This means low amounts of distortion and a similar field of view.

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Chimping is a colloquial term used in digital photography to describe the habit of checking every photo on the camera display (LCD) immediately after capture.

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Flat light is defined as lighting that produces minimal contrast in the scene, which means there is no, or very little, contrast between the highlights and shadows.