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Main idea:

The cincila is a colonial Andean rodent, consisting of two species, and now found wild only in Chile.

Supporting Sentence:

The chinchilla is one of two species (Chinchilla chinchilla and Chinchilla lanigera) of crepuscular rodents of the order Caviomorpha, native to the Andes Mountains of South America. They live in colonies called "packs" at altitudes up to 4,270 m (14,000 ft). Chinchillas once lived in an area encompassing parts of Bolivia, Peru, and Chile, but today, colonies in the wild are only known in Chile. Together with their relatives, the viskacas, they form the family Chinchilidae. They are also related to chinchilla rats.

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The chinchilla has the densest fur of all extant terrestrial mammals, with around 20,000 hairs per square centimeter and 50 hairs growing from each follicle. The chinchilla is named after the Chincha people of the Andes, who once wore its dense, velvet-like fur and ate their meat.

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The two extant chinchilla species are Chinchilla chinchilla (formerly called Chinchilla brevicaudata) and Chinchilla lanigera. C. chinchilla has a shorter tail, thicker neck and shoulders, and smaller ears than C. lanigera. Currently, C. chinchilla is nearly extinct, while C. lanigera can still be found in the wild, although very rarely. Today's pet chinchillas are derived from the C. lanigera species.

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The cincila was once abundant in coastal, hilly, and mountainous areas of Chile, Peru, Argentina, and Bolivia. However, overhunting led to a dramatic decline in its numbers, and it was considered nearly extinct by 1914. A five-year study in Jujuy, Argentina, in 2007 found no cincila. In Chile, the species was thought to be extinct since 1953, but was rediscovered in Antofagasta in the late 1900s. In Bolivia and Peru, the cincila is likely extinct. In the wild, cincila typically live in burrows or rock crevices, are adept at jumping up to 6 feet (1.8 meters), and protect themselves from predators by spraying urine or shedding their feathers.

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Wild cincila have a varied diet, including leaves, fruit, seeds, and even small insects. They live in groups of 14 to over 100 individuals. This group life helps them protect each other and facilitates social interaction.