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Interventions are extra supports or strategies teachers use when students struggle with a skill. They are more focused and direct then regular classroom teaching and aim to close learning or behavior gaps.

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Interventions are used for students who are not meeting grade-level expectations. This could include students with reading or math difficulties, behavior struggles, or those who may eventually need special education support.

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1. Small reading groups focusing on phonics or comprehension.

2. A behavior chart with rewards for meeting daily goals.

3. Extra math practice using flashcards or online programs.

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National Center on Intensive Intervention--Provides tools and guides for academic and behavior interventions. https://intensiveintervention.org

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HLP #6: Use explicit instruction--Teachers model the skill, guide students through practice, and then allow independent practice with feedback. https://highleveragepractices.org

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Differentiation is when teachers change how they teach so that all students can learn the same content in ways that fit their needs. It doesn't lower the standard but adjusts the teaching method, materials, or pace.

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Differentiation is for all students--not just those with disabilities. It is especially helpful for classrooms with mixed abilities, English learners, gifted students, and students with learning disabilities.

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1. Offering different reading materials on the same topic at varying levels of difficulty.

2. Allowing students to choose between writing an essay, making a poster, or giving a presentation.

3. Giving extra practice problems to students who need more support while challenging advanced students with enrichment tasks.

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ASCD: Differentiated Instruction -- Provides strategies for tailoring instruction to meet diverse student needs. https://www.ascd.org/resources/differentiated-instruction

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HLP #19: Use flexible grouping -- Teachers group and regroup students based on needs, skills, and progress to provide targeted instruction. https://highlevelpractices.org

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Accommodations are changes in how a student learns or shows what they know, without changing the actual learning goals or expectations. They help level the playing field so students with challenges can still work on grade-level standards.

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Accommodations are mainly for students with disabilities (covered under IDEA other Section 504), but they can also support students with temporary needs (like a broken arm). They do not change the curriculum, only the access to it.

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1. Giving extra time on a test or assignment

2. Allowing a student to answer verbally instead of writing.

3. Providing a quiet space to work with fewer distractions.

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Understood.org: Accommodations -- Explains different types of accommodations and how they support student success. https://www.understood.org/articles/accommodations

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HLP #5: Adapt curriculum tasks and materials for specific learning goals -- Teachers make adjustments so students can participate fully while still meeting standards. https://highleveragepractices.org

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Adaptations are adjustments made to teaching methods, materials, or the environment so that a student with disabilities can participate in learning. Unlike accommodations, adaptations may slightly change how a student interacts with content, but they still aim to keep the learning goals in place.

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Adaptations are for students who need extra support to access the general education curriculum. This often includes students with learning disabilities, sensory needs, or physical challenges.

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1. Using larger print or audiobooks for students with vision difficulties

2. Allowing a student to use a calculator for math facts if they struggle with memory.

3. Simplifying directions into shorter steps and pairing them with visuals.

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Reading Rockets: Adaptations -- Provides examples of classroom adaptations that help students succeed. https:// www.readingrockets.org/topics/adaptations

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HLP #16: Use explicit instruction with scaffolding --Teachers provide step-by-step supports (like visuals or prompts) to help students master skills. https://highleveragepractices.org

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Modifications change what a student is expected to learn. Unlike accommodations or adaptations, which help students access grade-level material, modifications lower or adjust the learning expectations to better match the student's abilities.

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Modifications are used for students with significant learning needs, often those with intellectual disabilities or other disabilities where the general education curriculum is not fully accessible even with accommodations.

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1. A student works on basic addition while the class is doing multi-digit multiplication.

2. Shortening an assignment from 20 questions to 10.

3. Providing a simplified reading passage instead of the grade-level text.

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Understood.org: Modifications -- Explains how modifications differ from accommodations and provides examples. https://www.understood.org/articles/modifications

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HLP #12: Systematically design instruction toward a specific learning goal -- Teachers adjust content and goals to match the student's abilities while still working toward progress. https://highleveragepractices.org

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Specifically Designed Instruction (SDI) is instruction that is tailored to meet a student's unique needs as written in their Individualized Education Program (IEP). It goes beyond general classroom teaching and is customized so the student can make progress in the curriculum.

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SDI is only for students who qualify for special education services under IDEA. Each student's SDI looks different depending on their disability, goals, and strengths.

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1. Teaching reading using a multi sensory program (like Orton-Gillingham) for student with dyslexia.

2. Breaking down complex math concepts into step-by-step lessons with repeated practice.

3. Providing direct social skills instruction for a student with autism.

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Center for Parent Information and Resources (CPIR): Specifically Designed Instruction -- Offers resources to help families and teachers understand what SDI looks like. https://www.parentcenterhub.org/sdi/

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HLP #1: Collaborate with professionals to increase student success -- Special educators work with general educators to ensure SDI is delivered consistently. https://highleveragepractices.org