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WWW:
Overall, reflecting back I feel as though I used as much of a range as possible to expand my report research. The variety of research methods definitely helped communicate knowledge and understanding when it came to writing the report.

EBI:
Next time, I would manage my time better so I had spread out the research elements more effectively.

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'Gender through Fashion and Dressing' Case Study:

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'Gender through Fashion and Dressing' Case Study:

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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271105415_Construction_of_Gender_through_Fashion_and_Dressing

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https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1363460720939401

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https://www.elle.com/uk/life-and-culture/culture/g30244502/best-lgbt-films/

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Advertisement - Continue Reading Below

Based on Jim Shepard's novel of the same name, The World to Come is a story all based on forbidden love in the 19th Century.

In a similar vein to Brokeback Mountain, the narrative focusses on two couples who are neighbours - played by Katherine Waterston, Vanessa Kirby, Christopher Abbott, and Casey Affleck. As the foursome deal with isolation from the outside world, Waterston and Kirby's characters soon find themselves falling in love with each other.

The film premiered at the Venice International Film Festival in 2020 and won the Queer Lion for best LGBTQ-themed film.

The film was released on February 12 in some theatres, in accordance with international Covid-19 restrictions, and on digital on March 2.

Starring Laverne Cox and several other trans actors, filmmakers and historians, this documentary sees Hollywood figures delve into the TV and film industry's depiction of the trans community and how their stories have touched American culture and individuals. 'My own life is such a profound example of what representation can do,' Cox told the

in 2020. 'We need more trans folks working behind the scenes - directing, producing, below the line positions, just more,' Cox added. 'And more representation in positions of power.'

Writer-director Alan Ball's 2020 film is set in the 1970s and sees a teenager leave her Southern home to study in New York City. There she meets up with her Uncle Franke (Paul Bettany) - a professor - who she comes to learn is gay and lives with his partner, Wally (Peter Macdissi). However, after the death of Frank's father, he returns home with his niece to confront his past. With a cast including Steve Zahn and Judy Greer, we really love this feel good film.

Many films have been criticised for using straight actors to represent queer experiences, but Love, Simon - the first same-sex teen romance by a major studio - breaks away from this mould. The project is led by queer actor, Keiynan Lonsdale, playing one of Simon's love interests, and Greg Berlanti, its director who is openly gay.

This coming-of-age, coming-out story is based on the acclaimed novel, Simon vs. the Homo Sapiens Agenda by Becky Albertalli, and depicts 17-year-old Simon Spier as he debates whether to tell his friends and family he's gay. What ensues is a delightful teen romcom that shows even when you grow up in the most supportive environment, coming out can prove challenging and life-changing.

The ever-magnificent late Robin Williams stars as a gay Miami nightclub owner whose son wants to introduce him to his super conservative in-laws-to-be.

Hilarity ensues (with Williams involved, how can it not?) as they attempt to portray a wholesome American family, with Williams' drag queen partner posing as his wife - Mrs Doubtfire style. It is in fact a remake of the musical La Cage aux Folles, but this modern adaptation is a truly riotous comedy with an ultimately uplifting tale to boot.

Featuring the cooler than cool Tarantino-approved French actress Léa Seydoux ( Inglourious Basterds), Blue is the Warmest Colour won the Palme d'Or at Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for a Golden Globe and a BAFTA for Best Foreign Language Film.

One of the most beautiful cinematic depictions of discovering your sexuality as a young woman, Adèle (Adèle Exarchopoulos) is a French teenager who falls in love with an older, blue-haired art-school student called Emma (Seydoux). With both actresses giving outstanding performances, what is most captivating about this film is their portrayal of not just first love, but the most catastrophic, cataclysmic, all-consuming kind of love.

Cate Blanchett and Rooney Mara star in this achingly beautiful film about love against the odds set in Fifties New York, where sodomy had just been reduced to a misdemeanour, but could still earn a person six months in prison.

An honest depiction of lesbian love from big Hollywood studios are rare, but Carol really did set the bar for all future LGBTQ+ films and earned Blanchett universal acclaim for her performance. Therese (Mara), an aspiring photographer working in a department store, finds herself charmed one day by an older customer, Carol (Blanchett), who herself is going through a messy divorce. Watch and prepare to become obsessed.

This powerful British-made film brought us a truly compelling Romanian migrant/Yorkshire farmer love story in 2017. The film came amid the height of the Syrian refugee crisis, making it all the more poignant for the way it helped to humanise refugees in a time of tension for many people in Britain. Following Johnny (Josh O'Connor) who works in isolation on his family's remote Yorkshire farm, he numbs the dullness and loneliness of his job with nightly binge drinking and casual sex. But when migrant worker, Gheorghe, shows up to work on the farm, Johnny's tough, angry exterior is forced to soften. The two men wrestle with their toxic, heteronormative ideas of masculinity (sometimes even with each other) and the sexual tension and inner turmoil is rife throughout.

This is not your standard cookie-cutter coming out story - it concentrates on issues of solitude, frustration, intimacy and xenophobia.

Winning the Sundance Film Festival Grand Jury Prize, Chloë Grace Moretz stars as the titular character in this young adult film that tackles big, dark topics with just the right amount of lightness for its target audience.

It's 1993, and Cameron is sent to a gay conversion therapy centre called God's Promise by her conservative aunt when she catches her kissing another girl. But contrary to her aunt's (and every authority figure at the camp's) hopes, Cameron does not submit to their way of thinking - if anything she becomes more assured of herself, her sexuality and the way the world works (or should).

With a stellar ensemble cast, including Dominic West, Imelda Staunton, Andrew Scott and Bill Nighy, Pride tells the inspirational true story of a group of lesbian and gay activists in 1984 who want to support the mining strike. Warning: this film will make you laugh until you cry, and cry until, well you cry some more - and it will stay with you long after.

Golden Globe nominated and BAFTA winning, the film follows the LGBT activists as they travel to a small Welsh mining town, pushing for the two marginalised communities to come together in support of each other, ultimately forming the highly successful Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners campaign, which was instrumental in progressing the fight for LGBTQ+ rights in the UK. Pride is one of the most heart-warming, uplifting British-made films you'll ever see.

This Golden Globe-nominated and Academy Award-winning Chilean film tells the story of Marina (Daniela Vega), a transgender woman whose older partner, Orlando, dies suddenly of a brain aneurysm.

In the aftermath, she is forced to confront his transphobic family and ex-wife who attempt to shun her by banning her from attending the funeral, driving her out of the apartment she shared with Orlando and physically abusing her. Vega, named as one of TIME magazine's 100 most influential people in 2018, gives an astounding and raw performance in what is a tough watch at times, but that makes it all the more poignant and powerful.

Hilary Swank stars as the lead in this biopic of the true-life story of Brandon Teena, a transgender man who fled his hometown in the early nineties for Nebraska in order to start afresh and find love. He ultimately develops feelings for Lana Tisdel (Chloë Sevigny), but Lana's friends can't accept the fact Brandon is transgender.

Watch this film for Swank's exceptional performance that won her an Oscar for Best Actress and see why Sevigny was nominated for her role as the Best Supporting Actress. Be warned, this film is not an easy watch but it portrays an exceptionally important moment in transgender history and was pivotal in increasing lobbying for hate crime laws in the US.

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23 Of The Best LGBTQ+ Films That Perfectly Portray The Queer Experience

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Advertisement - Continue Reading Below Based on Jim Shepard's novel of the same name, The World to Come is a story all based on forbidden love in the 19th Century. In a similar vein to Brokeback Mountain, the narrative focusses on two couples who are neighbours - played by Katherine Waterston, Vanessa Kirby, Christopher Abbott, and Casey Affleck.

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https://medium.com/@gabbychulick/a-queer-reading-of-call-me-by-your-name-how-love-and-friendship-converge-into-an-everlasting-bond-efcc439af3cd

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Modern perceptions of sexuality have influenced how individuals apprehend their own identities which simultaneously prompts an awakening of new experiences and emotions. , a beautiful tale of the budding romance between two young men, illustrates this concept by exploring the uncertainties pertaining to male companionship and the obsessive nature of love. However, audiences discover that André Aciman's novel goes beyond homosexual identity and dissects humanity's overall need for validation and intimacy. Looking at the novel through a queer lens, a critical theorist would argue that homosexual and heterosexual categories do not adequately represent the spectrum of human sexuality (Tyson 336). Although Call Me By Your Name contains overtly homoerotic conventions, the narrative illustrates the complex dynamics of sexual fluidity and the importance of friendship - ultimately rejecting the need for labels and conveying the sacred bond between Elio and Oliver.

While Aciman's narrative often avoids labeling sexuality, homoeroticsm becomes a significant component to illustrate both the sexual freedom and suppression between the male protagonists. For example, Elio associates the setting with his frustration and repressed feelings towards Oliver.

"Today, the pain, the stroking, the thrill of someone new, the promise of so much bliss hovering a fingertip away, the fumbling around people I might misread... All these started the summer Oliver came into our house. They are embossed in every song that was a hit that summer, in every novel I read during and after his stay, on anything from the smell of rosemary on hot days to the frantic rattle of the cicadas in the afternoon" (10).

The tension between Elio and Oliver increases significantly and leads to various forms of intimacy - both alone and with each other. Taken place during the summer of 1983, Italy alone encapsulates the erotic and sensual nature of the characters. Images of the country's sweltering heat and romance are symbolic in representing their need for sexual gratification and affection.

Regardless of the apparent sexual interactions between Elio and Oliver, the they are also personal with women and indicate an attraction for them. While most readers would infer that the protagonists would identify themselves as bisexual, Aciman omits this information for the purpose of highlighting the ambiguity of the their sexualities. Lois Tyson argues that "queer theory defines individual sexuality as a fluid, fragmented, dynamic collectivity of possible sexualities" (335). Through this lens, queer scholars assert that most individuals have the capacity engage in various forms of intimacy - no matter where they identify themselves on the sexual spectrum. Therefore, one of the many purposes of Call Me By Your Name is to generate an understanding of human nature: the general desire for sex, intimacy and companionship.

Elio demonstrates these aspects of queer theory in several instances throughout the narrative and is seduced by men and women alike. An example of this behavior can be seen when he masturbates with a peach following his sexual undertakings with Oliver, then Marzia. Elio states that he saw "that its reddened core reminded [him] not just of an anus but of a vagina" (146). Because he is aroused by male and female anatomy, the peach thus becomes a symbol of his dynamic sexual preferences. In addition, Elio is seduced when observing the rendezvous between Oliver and a local Italian girl: "Thinking of them together did not dismay me. It made me hard, even though I didn't know if what aroused me was her naked body lying in the sun, his next to hers, or both of theirs together" (43). Eroticism in both scenes depict Elio's desire for sex and illustrate the fluid nature of his sexuality. Although gender is often viewed as a common binary, queer criticism contends that gender is merely a social construction to place people in distinct categories - similarly to how sexual orientation is perceived by society at large.

The concept of sexual fluidity is strikingly apparent towards the end in of the novel. An eccentric poet speaks about grappling the newfound complexities of his sexual identity. During a vacation in Thailand, the poet is enthralled by the beauty of the country's inhabitants and is seduced by their features. "I wanted to sleep with all of Thailand," he recollects. "And all of Thailand, it turns out, was flirting with me. You couldn't take a step without almost lurching into someone" (190). A particular confrontation he has with a hotel clerk emphasizes this desire: he observes that the man embodies equally feminine and masculine characteristics. Perhaps, this scene may be the author's incentive in exploring the complications of gender identity.

As sexuality becomes an elaborate theme in Call Me By Your Name, gender simultaneously overlaps which presents further complexities. The poet identifies himself as a straight male. Yet, the clerk's convoluted physical appearance entices him to act upon his non-binary sexual fantasies and leaves the poet confused - not only about his identity, but about the very essence of human nature itself. He calls this the San Clemente Syndrome: where humans are portrayed as complex creatures of habit. A Reddit user writes, "Our love and past history is built upon previous layers that we never got rid of, or just built upon it. These layers and layers make everyone of us who we are, and gives us complete and total uniqueness" (Reddit). Like Elio and Oliver's relationship, the poet's epiphany represents the essence of everlasting bonds - whether platonic or sexual in nature. The church that is linked to the San Clemente Syndrome is denoted as a metaphor for the protagonists' own connection. Although they eventually go their separate ways, the church - or their love - stays within them throughout the course of their lives.

In addition to the romantic aspects of Elio and Oliver's relationship, a motif of Call Me By Your Name is friendship. Tyson defines homosocial bonding as "the depiction of strong emotional ties between same-sex characters [which] can create a homosocial atmosphere that may be subtly or overtly homoerotic" (339). Initially, friendship to Elio is a barrier in contrast to an insinuation for romance: "But friendship, as defined by everyone, was alien, fallow stuff I cared nothing for" (30). One would infer that through this statement, Elio wanted to dive straight into sexual intimacy and avoid the "friend-zone." Both men, however, build the foundations of their relationship through intellectual stimulation, humor and homosocial banter. Nevertheless, one of the driving forces of the novel is Elio's tendency to overthink Oliver's intentions. He questions whether he should act on his emotions and eventually confesses his feelings in order to obstruct this self-conflict.

Oliver piques Elio's interest through their Judaism, which serves as a literal and figurative emblem of their sacred bond. Elio refers to his family as "Jews of discretion," contradicting Oliver's indifference in displaying his religion proudly around his neck.

"But it was the gold necklace and the Star of David with a golden mezuzah on his neck that told me here was something more compelling than anything I wanted from him, for it bound us and reminded me that, while everything else conspired to make us the two most dissimilar beings, this at least transcended all differences" (19).

Despite the apparent tension between the characters, Elio and Oliver form their relationship through shared religion. Aciman thus utilizes Judaism to highlight the men's interconnectedness. "I began to feel we were not even two men, just two beings, I loved the egalitarianism of the moment. I loved feeling younger and older, human to human, man to man, Jew to Jew" (132). Throughout Call Me By Your Name, the simplicity of friendship is broken down and expanded upon. Friendship, to most individuals, is defined as a platonic connection between two individuals. To Oliver and Elio, the meaning of friendship is ambiguous in addition to their sexualities. They understand that their bond is marked by a strong devotion to each other through companionship and romance. In this way, Aciman is able to erase the defining lines between various manifestations of affection.

As their relationship progresses, the concept of friendship is established beyond attributes that are linked to casual alliances. Elio states, "What we had between us was the total transparency that exists among friends only. Perhaps we were friends first and lovers second. But then perhaps this is what lovers are" (157). Through this statement, friendship and love figuratively transpire into one - just as Elio and Oliver's souls do. Aciman illustrates the intensity of their companionship with the narrative's title alone: Call Me By Your Name alludes to the men's loving pact on calling each other by their own names. According to David Clark, this intimate ritual is a reflection of Aristotle's views on "true" friendship, "but it echoes down the intervening centuries in countless works of art and literature exploring the idea that the friend is an 'other self,' both a means to self-discovery and an ennobling end in itself" (Clark). Elio and Oliver transcend past an ordinary friendship and sexual experience. The two metaphorically become one being - a relationship that has shaped who they are, giving them great pain as well as immense joy. Revisiting Italy in the denouement reminds the protagonists that their love will remain inextinguishable for the remainder of their lives.

Queer theory essentially probes the complications between love and friendship. Furthermore, the notion of transgressive sexuality can be utilized to question the rules of traditional heterosexuality and thus open the door to sexualities of all kind. According to Tyson, transgressive sexuality can involve literary characters "leading double lives" (340). The relationship between Elio and Oliver becomes boundless, even after their affair ends. When they reunite twenty years later, Oliver recollects their everlasting connection - after marrying his wife and raising children: "Part of it - just part of it - was a coma, but I prefer to call it a parallel life. It sounds better. Problem is that most of us have - live, that is - more than two parallel lives" (240). In this case, Oliver's "parallel life" is reliving his past relationship with Elio in the comfort of his own thoughts. Regardless of the duty he has as a father and husband, Elio remains a constant reminder of the unworldly bond that they share.

Although Call Me By Your Name explores the complications of homosexuality, the novel and film promote the notion of intensely loving another person without the palpable affirmation of labels. Within the scope of queer theory, Elio and Oliver's attraction to women emphasizes their sexual fluidity. André Aciman also delves into the complex nature of friendship versus love which paradoxically converges as Elio and Oliver's souls do. "You had a beautiful friendship. Maybe more than a friendship. Any I envy you," Elio's father articulates. Perhaps, his words represent humanity's desire to experience such a compelling and rare bond - no matter who it may be with.

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A Queer Reading of Call Me By Your Name: How Love and Friendship Converge Into an Everlasting Bond

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Modern perceptions of sexuality have influenced how individuals apprehend their own identities which simultaneously prompts an awakening of new experiences and emotions. , a beautiful tale of the budding romance between two young men, illustrates this concept by exploring the uncertainties pertaining to male companionship and the obsessive nature of love.

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Books that highlight and influence sexuality:

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Books that highlight and influence sexuality:

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Giovanni's Room By James Baldwin Book Review:

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Giovanni's Room By James Baldwin Book Review:

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https://www.femestella.com/influences-of-the-lgbtq-community-on-modern-fashion/

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For as long as we can remember, clothes have been an integral part of human society. Mostly, they will protect us from the elements, but clothes also form the basis for your identification. Over the past century, clothes have been the definitive line between the genders - male and female.

So, what changed over the past half-century? Fashion is an ever-evolving concept, but the LGBTQ in fashion tends to stick to definitive statements and style, such as political or cultural landmarks.

What is the relationship between the queer community and the fashion industry?

A Queer Age

According to most sexuality studies, the 18th century was the definitive era where people acknowledged the difference between homo and hetero sexualities. The sexual regime prior lacked any distinction of the gay community, meaning all men dressed similarly.

During this period in London, gays started to use clothes as a form of identification. This is the precursor generation for the designers of women's clothing.

Queer people take a keen interest in fashion because it helps them identify, communicate with other LGBTQ individuals, and fit in. However, the oppression and judgment in societies forced queer people into secrecy. As such, they learned to pay attention to clothing details more carefully. Technically, fashion is the tribe that unites and identifies queer people.

The Closet is Made of Glass

For years, LGBTQ fashion has had an unimaginable impact on the entire fashion industry. The relationship between sexuality and fashion is something that will be studied for years to come.

Unlike the realm of mainstream fashion, individuals in the LGBTQ community tend to be very particular about what goes into their wardrobe. Does an item of clothing express their identity and sexuality? Does an individual feel comfortable in the orientation implied by certain clothes? Clothes offer a space or queer people to discover themselves and a platform to present themselves to others.

For a queer person, style goes far beyond looking nice. It is a form of self-expression. It's really not surprising that some of the world's most iconic designers and trendsetters are queer.

The Role of the LGBTQ Community in the Liberation of the Fashion Industry

If we're being honest, it's not impossible to get misguided about an individual's sexuality or orientation based on how they dress. This can be credited to the increased flamboyance of the mainstream fashion industry.

Fashion houses have had to keep up with the increasing popularity of gender-fluid clothing while remaining true to the aesthetics of different LGBTQ subcultures. Although this might seem like a lot of pressure, it does reduce the rigidity of clothing across the spectrum.

We can't truly say that gay men come with a creativity gene, but it's also hard to ignore the amount of influence they have in fashion and design. Is this a justifiable bias? Although there are great heterosexual designers, gay men tend to understand the fashion assignment a little better.

According to most exhibitors, gay designers tend to be definitive and admired. They recreate traditional styles and statements, but they are assembled with greater sex appeal and more glamour. In addition, such pieces are made for the bold individual. Technically, gay designers created a fashion language that seems to be dominating the industry.

The Influence of Social Media on LGBTQ Fashion

There is very little research on the effect that social media has on the LGBTQ community. Nevertheless, we cannot afford to undermine the amount of influence of the LGBTQ across social media platforms.

At this point, queer influencers are taking over the internet. These platforms allow people to be experimental with their style. The LGBTQ in fashion understand that their taste is unique and constantly evolving, and it helps to have inspiration from different angles. If you're on the lookout for the latest or classic LGBTQ fashion trends, you must get busy on your social media.

Here are three of the best fashion influencers of 2022:

1. Tyris Winter

This young Vans ambassador based his style on Black Beauty and the queer glamour of the 70s. Like anyone in the LGBTQ community, Tyris uses his style as a celebration of his queerness, Blackness, and his life.

It's not hard to see why so many people are pulled to him.

2. Ziggy Mack-Johnson

Mack is a designer, stylist, and influencer for the flamboyant. He describes his style as a flamboyant trade- meaning that every outfit he dons comes with a splash. As such, he seeks to create a balance between his flamboyance and masculinity.

3. Ylenia Riniti

A traveler and public figure, Ylenia is the perfect inspiration for the curious and experimental individual. Although their wardrobe is exclusively men's clothes, Ylenia has proved over and again that queer people have unlocked ultimate fashion freedom. Ylenia Riniti can effortlessly create looks to suit elegance, casual, or sporty moods.

Although social apps are a great way to expand your fashion horizon, they might be overwhelming to an individual starting out. As such, it would be better to find a platform that narrows down to your LGBTQ subculture. Platforms such as the Taimi dating app and website offer tailored content to address particular interests. Looking for style inspiration or looks to try out? Want to learn how to pair and blend outfits? Dedicated blogs are the way to go.

As such, it is safe to say that not only does the community have a fashion aesthetic, but they are the backbone of the fashion industry, now and for many years to come.

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Influences of the LGBTQ Community on Modern Fashion - Femestella

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For as long as we can remember, clothes have been an integral part of human society. Mostly, they will protect us from the elements, but clothes also form the basis for your identification. Over the past century, clothes have been the definitive line between the genders - male and female.

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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271105415_Construction_of_Gender_through_Fashion_and_Dressing

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https://www.thepinknews.com/2018/07/17/fashion-sexuality-link-fluidity/

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PinkNews | Latest lesbian, gay, bi and trans news | LGBTQ+ news

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Are fashion and sexuality linked? How style has become more liberating for all

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Fashion is self-expression. But is there more to it?