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Informal comunication (Asia and Europe).

Oral comunication and imitation.

Paintings on cave walls.

Formal comunication.

Stories.

Folklore.

Histories.

News.

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SUMERIAN ABACUS

It held a table of successive columns which delimited the successive orders of magnitude of their sexagesimal (base 60) number system. Some scholars point to a character in Babylonian cuneiform that may have been derived from a representation of the abacus.

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PITHAGORAS ACADEMY
Pythagoras academy was the first formal education academy in the history. It was founded by the philosopher Pythagoras. Students were taught in an open classroom setting where they learned philosophy, science and mathematics.

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PAPER MADE IN CHINA
Paper caused a revolution in writing. Cai Hou Paper was easy to transport, incorporated many different raw materials, and promoted the cultural development of China and even the whole world. Before paper was invented, people all over the world wrote on many different types of natural materials. The ancient Egyptians used papyrus scrolls to write history; In ancient Europe, people wrote on animal skins; while in ancient China, bones, tortoise shells, and strips of bamboo were used for writing, which later proved unsuitable due to their bulk and weight.

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MANUSCRIPT TRANSCRIPTION
Manuscript transcription was developed as a writing standard in Europe so that the Latin alphabet could be easily recognized by the literate class from different regions.

Others forms to write were:

Stone clay.

Tree bark.

Metal Sheet.

Clay tablets.

Wax  tablet.

Papyrus.

Parchment.

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GUTENBERG PRINTING PRESS
Gutenberg’s printing press was considered a history changing invention, making books widely accessible and ushering in an “information revolution.”

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PUBLIC EDUCATION
Public schools are schools that wealthy and rich people provided them to help in educate poor children.

In their single classroom, they were teaching hundreds of students by giving the older students a lesson and they pass it to younger learners.

These schools taught the people some skills that they were need them in work placement.

1700: In this year the blackboards for teaching in the classroom arise.

1800:  In this year the schools begin to use books as a teaching method.

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AUDIOVISUAL AGE
1.20th  century – introduction of educational films(1900s)
2.Mechanical teaching machines (army alpha -overhead projectors-mimeograph)
3.1920s -Radio

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INFORMATION AGE
1.The University of Illinois -classroom system based in linked computer.
2.Students could access informational resources-
3.Television and audio tape.
4.In 1971-Ivan Illich published a hugely influential book called, Deschooling Society, in which he envisioned “learning webs”
5.In 1976-“college without walls”

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COMPUTER AGE
1.1980s 1990-In computer-based training (CBT) or computer-based learning (CBL)-interaccion between student and computer.
2.1990s- Teachers embarked on the method using emerging technologies to employ multi-object oriented sites.
3.By 1994, the first online high school had been founded.

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DIGITAL AGE
1.A mere decade later, the Internet connected computers worldwide.  The dramatic growth of the World Wide Web introduced email, video, and a variety of digital media.

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INTERACTIVE AGE
1.The National Center for Education Statistics estimate the number of K-12 students enrolled in online distance learning programs increased by 65 percent from 2002 to 2005.
2.Communication between teacher and student, and quick lecture and assignment feedback.

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EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
The 2008 AECT definition of ET reads: “Educational Technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources” (Januszewski & Molenda, 2008, p. 1).