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Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is caused by the Influenza virus, a highly contagious respiratory pathogen. It is acquired through respiratory droplets produced when infected individuals cough, sneeze, or talk, making close person-to-person contact a primary mode of transmission. Anyone can contract the flu, but certain populations, including young children, elderly individuals, pregnant women, and those with weakened immune systems, are at a higher risk of developing severe complications.

Symptoms of influenza include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, fatigue, and respiratory issues. The virus can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia, especially in vulnerable populations. Prevention measures include annual vaccination, regular handwashing, and practicing respiratory hygiene by covering the mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing. The influenza vaccine is a crucial tool in reducing the severity and spread of the virus.

Treatment for influenza typically involves supportive care to alleviate symptoms, rest, and staying hydrated. Antiviral medications may be prescribed, particularly for individuals at high risk of complications or those with severe symptoms. Timely vaccination, coupled with public health measures, plays a key role in controlling the spread of the influenza virus and reducing its impact on individuals and communities.