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Western Australia has a rich mix of different language groups. Native languages, like Noongar and Yamatji, have been kept alive and celebrated by the people who live here. This helps people feel connected to the place and the culture. The state's international population speaks mainly English but also many different languages, which shows how rich and varied its people are.

With spellings & syntax all over the place, knowing nuances of English grammar is diminishing. (n.d.). The Economic Times. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/with-spellings-syntax-all-over-the-place-knowing-nuances-of-english-grammar-is-diminishing/articleshow/77058689.cms

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In Western Australia, religion has a lot of different views and ways of going about things. I don't have my own beliefs, and it's normal for other people not to either. There are many different versions of Christianity, which is the main religion. People of Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and other faiths live in the area, but it is also a mixed place.

WorldAtlas. (2016, August 18). Major Religions in Australia. WorldAtlas. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/religious-composition-of-australia.html

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Food from Western Australia is varied and full of flavour. Because the area has a lot of resources along the coast, it has a lot of fresh seafood, like crabs, crayfish, and barramundi. The fertile ground here is also fantastic for growing a whole range of fresh produce. We're talking things like juicy bananas and sweet mangoes, right from the backyard to your plate! You could be eating some mangoes fresh from the tree, enjoying bananas straight off the branch, or indulging in locally crafted dishes.

Seafood Recipes. (n.d.). Myfoodbook.com.au. Retrieved October 11, 2023, from https://myfoodbook.com.au/categories/seafood

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Sport is an important part of life in Australia. It helps people feel included in a social group, and part of a community that sticks together (About Sport in Australia, 2022). Sports that people of all ages enjoy include soccer, surfing, and Football. Hitting the gym or joining a local sports team doesn't just ramp up your health, but it's also a great way to bond with others and feel like you're part of something bigger.

About sport in Australia. (2022, November 21). Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care. https://www.health.gov.au/topics/sport/about-sport-in-australia

Five Freo Dockers in All Australian squad. (2013, September 3). Fremantlefc.com.au. https://www.fremantlefc.com.au/news/70837/five-freo-dockers-in-all-australian-squad

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The beautiful sights in Western Australia draw in people from all over the world. The WA Museum Boola Bardip in Perth has just opened, and the displays are engaging and interactive. They bring Australia's amazing history, natural beauty, and artistic vision to life. At the same time, the city's lively cultural district is always busy with music, shows, performances, and other cultural events.

Art and culture - Tourism Western Australia. (n.d.). Western Australia. https://www.westernaustralia.com/au/things-to-do/art-and-culture

Torbay. (n.d.). Art Gallery WA Collection Online. Retrieved October 11, 2023, from https://collection.artgallery.wa.gov.au/objects/583/torbay

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In Western Australia dance is more than just movement, it’s a vital part of our culture. People use it as a way to express themselves and connect with others on a deeper level. Dancing contributes to physical health, but it’s also about boosting our mental health as well.

An Introspective Look at Formal Dance Training in Australia - Dance Informa Magazine

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I am deeply concerned about the health challenges that immigrants encounter upon their arrival in Australia. As per the guidelines outlined in the Australian Refugee Health Practise Guide, it is noted that refugees may not have had thorough assessments pertaining to their auditory, visual, and oral well-being within their countries of origin. The prevalence of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and cholesteatoma among adult refugees in Australia is much greater compared to the general Australian population. Common oral health difficulties observed in individuals originating from refugee-like situations encompass dental caries, tooth loss, and periodontal disease. Less frequently encountered concerns encompass orofacial injuries and oral malignancies. Individuals, including children and adults, who experience hearing-related issues should be recommended to undergo audiology testing. Referral to an otolaryngologist (ENT surgeon) or an audiology service can be facilitated through a public hospital. In Australia, individuals experiencing vision impairments are advised to get a vision examination conducted by a bulk billing optometrist. Furthermore, subsidised eyewear services are available to fulfil spectacle prescriptions. It is recommended that individuals from refugee-like backgrounds who experience oral health issues be directed to a public dental service for assessment. Additionally, it is advised to offer these individuals basic oral health education, which encompasses informing them about the significance of maintaining a healthy diet, practising twice daily tooth brushing, engaging in regular flossing to prevent tooth decay, and scheduling routine dental check-ups.

Hearing, Vision and Oral Health» Australian Refugee Health. (n.d.). https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/hearing-vision-and-oral-health/

Home | Pax Christi. (n.d.). Www.paxchristi.be. Retrieved October 11, 2023, from https://www.paxchristi.be/

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I find it crucial to understand how social determinants impact the health of migrants and refugees in Australia. I have learned that language barriers, regional differences, and limited access to healthcare are the three major social factors that significantly affect their health. It's disheartening to see how communication breakdowns due to language barriers can lead to misunderstandings and pose possible health risks for both healthcare workers and migrants or refugees. I realize that people from different cultures may have other ideas and practices about healthcare that affect how they seek it, which can alter their actions when they need it. Moreover, health disparities can worsen when people can't afford medical care or lack awareness about the available resources. Thus, healthcare professionals must address these factors to ensure that migrants and refugees in Australia receive equitable and inclusive healthcare.

Moving from What and Why to How: Lessons on Addressing the Social Determinants of Health - Center for Public Health Practice. (n.d.). Registrations.publichealthpractice.org. Retrieved October 11, 2023, from https://registrations.publichealthpractice.org/Training/Detail/540

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As a first-year nursing student, I believe that 'Domain 7: Professional practice' from the ‘Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds competency standards framework for clinicians’ emphasizes the importance of my ongoing professional development to enhance my cultural competence. Clinicians are committed to cultural responsiveness, reflexivity and self-awareness in all aspects of practice (Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds COMPETENCY STANDARDS FRAMEWORK for CLINICIANS, 2019). Therefore, I am responsible for seeking opportunities to learn more about different cultural backgrounds, values, and ways of life. By continuing to learn and keeping an open mind, I believe I can provide care sensitive to other cultures and build meaningful relationships with patients from migrant and refugee backgrounds, creating a safe and welcoming healthcare atmosphere.

Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds COMPETENCY STANDARDS FRAMEWORK FOR CLINICIANS. (2019). https://culturaldiversityhealth.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Culturally-responsive-clinical-practice-Working-with-people-from-migrant-and-refugee-backgrounds-Jan2019.pdf

Home | Pax Christi. (n.d.). Www.paxchristi.be. Retrieved October 11, 2023, from https://www.paxchristi.be/

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Health to me means taking care of your physical, mental, and social well-being and emotional health. It's about taking action to prevent health issues and maintain well-being on all levels.

mdpromise17. (2017, March 26). Understanding Your Health. Maryland PROMISE. https://mdtransitions.org/understanding-your-health/

Vascular Screening: August 8. (n.d.). Margaret Mary Health. Retrieved October 11, 2023, from https://www.mmhealth.org/news-and-events/events/vascular-screening-august-8/