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Hello 3rd Graders!
Today we will be learning about Rocks and minerals! This padlet will have all the books, videos, and more to learn about Rocks!
You will be in groups on top of your desk you will find the different types of rocks.
Group 1: Igneous rock
Group 2: Sedimentary rock
Group 3: Metamorphic rock
Once you find your groups begin your research on the type of rock given. Take a look at the rubric, this way you know what is expected. Complete the graphic organizer

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All Groups Watch This Video About Rocks. 

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All Groups Watch This Video About Rocks. 

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Before you begin Watch this introductory video about rocks.

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ROCKS and MINERALS for Kids - What are their differences? - Science for Kids

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Igneous Rock:

Intrusive

Extrusive

Sedimentary Rock:

Weathering

Erosion

Deposition

Compaction

Cementation

Metamorphic Rock:

Foilated

Nonfoilated

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The rubric will help you understand what information you should be looking for.

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After reading the article and books and watching the videos, complete the graphic organizer. Make sure you take a look at the rubric to know the type of information required.

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Read this article that provides more information bout Metamorphic rocks.

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Earth Science, Geology

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Photograph by James L. Amos

The term "metamorphosis" is most often used in reference to the process of a caterpillar changing into a butterfly. However, the word "metamorphosis" is a broad term that indicates a change from one thing to another. Even rocks, a seemingly constant substance, can change into a new type of rock. Rocks that undergo a change to form a new rock are referred to as metamorphic rocks.

In the rock cycle, there are three different types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary and igneous rocks began as something other than rock. Sedimentary rocks were originally sediments, which were compacted under high pressure. Igneous rocks formed when liquid magma or lava-magma that has emerged onto the surface of the Earth-cooled and hardened. A metamorphic rock, on the other hand, began as a rock-either a sedimentary, igneous, or even a different sort of metamorphic rock. Then, due to various conditions within the Earth, the existing rock was changed into a new kind of metamorphic rock.

The conditions required to form a metamorphic rock are very specific. The existing rock must be exposed to high heat, high pressure, or to a hot, mineral-rich fluid. Usually, all three of these circumstances are met. These conditions are most often found either deep in Earth's crust or at plate boundaries where tectonic plates collide. In order to create metamorphic rock, it is vital that the existing rock remain solid and not melt. If there is too much heat or pressure, the rock will melt and become magma. This will result in the formation of an igneous rock, not a metamorphic rock.

Consider how granite changes form. Granite is an igneous rock that forms when magma cools relatively slowly underground. It is usually composed primarily of the minerals quartz, feldspar, and mica. When granite is subjected to intense heat and pressure, it changes into a metamorphic rock called gneiss.

Slate is another common metamorphic rock that forms from shale. Limestone, a sedimentary rock, will change into the metamorphic rock marble if the right conditions are met.

Although metamorphic rocks typically form deep in the planet's crust, they are often exposed on the surface of the Earth. This happens due to geologic uplift and the erosion of the rock and soil above them. At the surface, metamorphic rocks will be exposed to weathering processes and may break down into sediment. These sediments could then be compressed to form sedimentary rocks, which would start the entire cycle anew.

National Geographic Society

October 19, 2023

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Metamorphic rocks start as one type of rock and-with pressure, heat, and time-gradually change into a new type of rock.

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Read this article that provides more information bout Sedimentary rocks.

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Sedimentary rocks are one of three main types of rocks, along with igneous and metamorphic. They are formed on or near the Earth’s surface from the compression of ocean sediments or other processes.

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Read this article that provides more information bout Igneous rocks.

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Earth Science, Geology

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Photograph by Koumlhn/ullstein bild courtesy of Getty Images

Igneous rocks form when magma (molten rock) cools and crystallizes, either at volcanoes on the surface of the Earth or while the melted rock is still inside the crust. All magma develops underground, in the lower crust or upper mantle, because of the intense heat there.

Igneous rocks can have many different compositions, depending on the magma they cool from. They can also look different based on their cooling conditions. For example, two rocks from identical magma can become either rhyolite or granite, depending on whether they cool quickly or slowly.

The two main categories of igneous rocks are extrusive and intrusive. Extrusive rocks are formed on the surface of the Earth from lava, which is magma that has emerged from underground. Intrusive rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet.

When lava comes out of a volcano and solidifies into extrusive igneous rock, also called volcanic, the rock cools very quickly. Crystals inside solid volcanic rocks are small because they do not have much time to form until the rock cools all the way, which stops the crystal growth. These fine-grained rocks are known as aphanitic-from a Greek word meaning "invisible." They are given this name because the crystals that form within them are so small that they can be seen only with a microscope. If lava cools almost instantly, the rocks that form are glassy with no individual crystals, like obsidian. There are many other kinds of extrusive igneous rocks. For example, Pele's hair is long, extremely thin strands of volcanic glass, while pahoehoe is smooth lava that forms shiny, rounded piles.

Intrusive rocks, also called plutonic rocks, cool slowly without ever reaching the surface. They have large crystals that are usually visible without a microscope. This surface is known as a phaneritic texture. Perhaps the best-known phaneritic rock is granite. One extreme type of phaneritic rock is called pegmatite, found often in the U.S. state of Maine. Pegmatite can have a huge variety of crystal shapes and sizes, including some larger than a human hand.

National Geographic Society

October 19, 2023

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Igneous rocks are one of three main types of rocks (along with sedimentary and metamorphic), and they include both intrusive and extrusive rocks.

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Sedimentary Rocks Book Collection on Epic

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View the Sedimentary Rocks collection on Epic plus over 40,000 of the best books & videos for kids.

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Observe this rock, and write down three things you notice about this metamorphic rock.

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Observe this rock, write down three things you notice about this igneous rock.

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Observe this rock, and write down three things you notice about this sedimentary rock.

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under.

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online access fun thousands children great kids ebooks books

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under. Get Started

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How Are Sedimentary Rocks Formed? [Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation]

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As you watch the video, write the differences between an intrusive rock and a extrusive rock. Comment 3 of the igneous rock you liked from the video.

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under.

Get Started

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online access fun thousands children great kids ebooks books

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Metamorphic Rock Book Collection on Epic

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under. Get Started

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Look at the location, what type of rocks can you find in the deserts? Why?

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Aw snap! Google Earth isn't supported on your browser. You may need to update your browser or use a different browser. Please see our system requirements for more information. Chrome is a great choice and you can download it here.

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Learn more about Google Earth.

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Aw snap! Google Earth isn't supported on your browser. You may need to update your browser or use a different browser. Please see our system requirements for more information. Chrome is a great choice and you can download it here. Or if you're feeling adventurous, you can try Earth anyway by choosing an option below.