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Rich Minerals deposits lie on just beneath the ocean floor. Coastal nations have the right to mine deposits near their shores, but mineral deposits on the ocean floor beyond are open for all nations.

mining the ocean floor will cost a huge amount of money. New technologies must be developed to obtain mineral deposits from the ocean floor. Mining think that they should keep the profits. but developing nations that lack money & technology disagree.

By 2003, 157 nations had signed the Law of the Sea treaty. It states that ocean minerals deposits are the common property of all people. all mining profits much be shared among all nations.

what can nations do to prevent conflict over mining the ocean floor? They might arrange a compromise l. Perhaps wealthy nations should contribute part of there profits to help developing or landlocked nations.

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Minerals are the source of gemstones,gemstones is a hard colorful minerals,gems are used maninly for jewelry and decoration,people use material for these minerals in food,gypsum is a soft white mineral

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minerals are the source of gemstones. beautiful gemstones such as rubies and sapphires have captured the imagination of people throughout the ages. usually a gemstone is hard, colorful mineral that has a brilliant or glassy luster. people love gemstones because they are so rare. once a gemstone is cut it turns into a gem. gems are used mainly for jewelry. they are also used for machanical parts and grinding. some minerals are the sources of metals such as copper,iron,or silver. metals are generally not as hard as gemstones. people use minerals from these minerals in foods,medicines,and building materals.

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Minerals are generally not as Hard as gemstones . Metals are usefull because they can be stretched in to wire, flattend into sheats and hammered or molded without breaking.

Their Are many other many other usefull minerals and gems. People use materials form theis minerals in foods, mediciens, building materials

Clear crystals of the mineral calcite ore used in optical insterments such as microscope . Gymsum a soft white mineral is used to make wallboard cement and stucco..

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geologists prospect for ores by observing rocks on the land surface and by studying maps of rocks beneath the surface

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This works well for minerals that contain magnetic elements such as iron and nickel

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To produce metal from a mineral a rock containing the mineral must be located through prospecting and mined or removed from the ground then the rock must be processed to extract the metal

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a metal usually occurs as a mineral that is a combination of metal and other elements.

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a prospector is anyone who searches, or prospects, for an ore deposit

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most minerals do not occur in a pure form

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a rock that contains a metal or other useful mineral that can be mined and sold at a profit is called ore.

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Geologist map ore deposits to help miners decide how to remove the ore from thebgeoud

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ores must be processed before the metals they contain can be used

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The geologist's map of an ore deposits helps miners decides how to remove the ore from the ground.There are three types of mines: strip mines, open pit mines, and shaft mines. In strip mining, earth moving equipment scrapes away soil to expose ore. In open pit mining, miners use giant earth moving equipment to dig a tremendous pit and remove ore deposits. For ore deposits that occur in veins, miners dig shaft mines. Shaft mines often have a network of tunnels that extend deep into the ground, following the veins of ore.

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HITTITES LEARNED TO MINE AND SMELT IRON ORE BECAUSE IRON IS STRONGER THAN COPPER OR BRONZE TOOLS AND WEAPONS COULD BE MADE OF IRON

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Sri Lankans made steel in outdoor furnaces.Steady winds blowing over the top of the wall created high temperatures to make steel.Steelmaking was invented by Harry Bessemer and William Siemens made it possible to produce steel.Scientists working on the space program have developed light and strong alloys for use in products ranging from bicycles to soda cans.

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mental workers in sumer a city were the tigris and euphrates rivers, alloy tin produce a harder mental - bronze bronze was poured into molds to form statues

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SMELTING ,ADDITIONAL PROCESSING IS NEEDED IMPURITIES FROM THE METALS AFTER IRON IS PURIFIED

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Copper started in, 4000 B.C. It was discovered on, Cyprus. Copper is smelted. Bronze, was discovered by metalworkers. Between two rivers. Bronze was poured into, molds ( too form statues. ) Iron, is stronger than copper, or bronze. Tools can be made of iron.