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More general info:
https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/what-does-composer-do

Career Change opportunities:
https://majoringinmusic.com/majoring-in-composition/

Issue w/in music industry:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Emmaleena-Kakela/publication/369875258_The_sound_of_misogyny_sexual_harassment_and_sexual_violence_in_the_music_industry/links/644633598ac1946c7a48b095/The-sound-of-misogyny-sexual-harassment-and-sexual-violence-in-the-music-industry.pdf

Problem solving:
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/can-music-improve-our-health-and-quality-of-life-202207252786

https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=50714dad06d3642ba42e6ec1da34cad52f3002d4

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(Salary, Description, Education)

More Salary
https://www.ziprecruiter.com/Salaries/Music-Composer-Salary

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Summary

Video transcript available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TflQCpu4vos.

Quick Facts: Music Directors and Composers
2020 Median Pay

$52,250 per year
$25.12 per hour

Music directors lead musical groups during performances and recording sessions. Composers write and arrange original music in a variety of musical styles.

Most music directors work for religious organizations and schools, or are self-employed. Music directors may spend a lot of time traveling to different performances. Composers can work in offices, recording studios, or their own homes.

Educational and training requirements for music directors and composers vary, although most positions require related work experience. A music director or conductor for a symphony orchestra typically needs a master's degree; a choir director may need a bachelor's degree. There are no formal educational requirements for those interested in writing popular music.

The median annual wage for music directors and composers was $52,250 in May 2020.

Employment of music directors and composers is projected to grow 2 percent from 2019 to 2029, slower than the average for all occupations. The number of people attending musical performances, such as symphonies and concerts, and theatrical performances, such as ballets and musical theater, is expected to remain steady. Tough competition for jobs is anticipated because of the large number of people interested in entering this field.

Explore resources for employment and wages by state and area for music directors and composers.

Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of music directors and composers with similar occupations.

Learn more about music directors and composers by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations.

What Music Directors and Composers Do About this section

Music directors, also called conductors, lead orchestras and other musical groups during performances and recording sessions. Composers write and arrange original music in a variety of musical styles.

Duties

Music directors typically do the following:

Select musical arrangements and compositions to be performed for live audiences or recordings

Prepare for performances by reviewing and interpreting musical scores

Direct rehearsals to prepare for performances and recordings

Choose guest performers and soloists

Audition new performers or assist section leaders with auditions

Practice conducting to improve their technique

Meet with potential donors and attend fundraisers

Music directors lead orchestras, choirs, and other musical groups. They ensure that musicians play with one coherent sound, balancing the melody, timing, rhythm, and volume. They also give feedback to musicians and section leaders on sound and style.

Music directors may work with a variety of musical groups, including church choirs, youth orchestras, and high school or college bands, choirs, or orchestras. Some work with orchestras that accompany dance and opera companies.

Composers typically do the following:

Write original music that orchestras, bands, and other musical groups perform

Arrange existing music into new compositions

Write lyrics for music or work with a lyricist

Meet with orchestras, musical groups, and others who are interested in commissioning a piece of music

Study and listen to music of various styles for inspiration

Work with musicians to record their music

Composers write music for a variety of types of musical groups and users. Some work in a particular style of music, such as classical or jazz. They also may write for musicals, operas, or other types of theatrical productions.

Some composers write scores for movies or television; others write jingles for commercials. Many songwriters focus on composing music for audiences of popular music.

Some composers use instruments to help them as they write music. Others use software that allows them to hear a piece without musicians.

Some music directors and composers give private music lessons to children and adults. Others teach music in elementary, middle, or high schools. For more information, see the profiles on kindergarten and elementary school teachers, middle school teachers, and high school teachers.

For more information about careers in music, see the profile on musicians and singers.

Music directors and composers held about 58,000 jobs in 2019. The largest employers of music directors and composers were as follows:

Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations

61%

Self-employed workers

28

Performing arts companies

5

Elementary and secondary schools; state, local, and private

3

Music directors commonly work in concert halls and recording studios, and they may spend a lot of time traveling to different performances. Composers can work in offices, recording studios, or their own homes.

Jobs for music directors and composers are found all over the country. However, many jobs are located in cities in which entertainment activities are concentrated, such as New York, Los Angeles, Nashville, and Chicago.

Work Schedules

Rehearsals and recording sessions are commonly held during business hours, but performances take place most often on nights and weekends. Because music writing is done primarily independently, composers may be able to set their own schedules.

How to Become a Music Director or Composer About this section

Educational and training requirements for music directors and composers vary, although most positions require related work experience. A conductor for a symphony orchestra typically needs a master's degree; a choir director may need a bachelor's degree. There are no formal educational requirements for those interested in writing popular music.

Education

Employers generally prefer candidates with a master's degree in music theory, music composition, or conducting for positions as a conductor or classical composer.

Applicants to postsecondary programs in music typically are required to submit recordings, audition in person, or both. These programs teach students about music history and styles, and educate them in composing and conducting techniques. Information on degree programs is available from the National Association of Schools of Music.

A bachelor's degree typically is required for those who want to work as a choir director. Those who work in public schools may need a teaching license or certification. For more information, see the profiles on teachers.

There are no specific educational requirements for those interested in writing popular music. These composers usually find employment by submitting recordings of their compositions to bands, singers, record companies, and movie studios. Composers may promote themselves through personal websites, social media, or online video or audio of their musical work.

Important Qualities

Discipline. Talent is not enough for most music directors and composers to find employment in this field. They must constantly practice and seek to improve their technique and style.

Interpersonal skills. Music directors and composers need to work with agents, musicians, and recording studio personnel. Being friendly, respectful, and open to criticism as well as praise, while enjoying being with others, can help music directors and composers work well with a variety of people.

Leadership. Music directors and composers must guide musicians and singers by preparing musical arrangements and helping them achieve the best possible sound.

Musical talent. To become a music director or composer, one must have musical talent.

Perseverance. Music directors and composers need determination to continue submitting their compositions after receiving rejections. Also, reviewing auditions can be frustrating because it may take many different auditions to find the best musicians.

Promotional skills. Music directors and composers need to promote their performances through local communities, word of mouth, and social media platforms. Good self-promotional skills are helpful in building a fan base and getting more work opportunities.

Training

Music directors and composers typically begin their musical training at a young age by learning to play an instrument or singing, and perhaps performing as a musician or singer. Music directors and composers who are interested in classical music may seek additional training through music camps and fellowships. These programs provide participants with classes, lessons, and performance opportunities.

Work Experience in a Related Occupation

Music directors and composers often work as musicians or singers in a group, a choir, or an orchestra before they take on a leadership role. They use this time to master their instrument and gain an understanding of how the group functions. For more information, see the profile on musicians and singers.

Median annual wages, May 2020

The median annual wage for music directors and composers was $52,250 in May 2020. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $23,890, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $124,390.

In May 2020, the median annual wages for music directors and composers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:

Performing arts companies

$55,580

Elementary and secondary schools; state, local, and private

52,660

Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations

45,540

Rehearsals and recording sessions are commonly held during business hours, but performances take place most often on nights and weekends. Because music writing is done primarily independently, composers may be able to set their own schedules.

Employment of music directors and composers is projected to grow 2 percent from 2019 to 2029, slower than the average for all occupations.

Music directors will be needed to lead orchestras for concerts and musical theater performances. They also will conduct the music that accompanies ballet troupes and opera companies.

In addition, there will likely be a need for composers to write original music and arrange known works for performances. Composers will be needed as well to write film scores and music for television and commercials.

However, orchestras, opera companies, and other musical groups can have difficulty getting funds. Some music groups are nonprofit organizations that rely on donations and corporate sponsorships, in addition to ticket sales, to fund their work. These organizations often have difficulty finding enough money to cover their expenses. In addition, growth may be limited for music directors in schools due to struggles with school funding, and music programs may be cut.

Job Prospects

Tough competition for jobs is anticipated because of the large number of people interested in entering this field. In particular, there will be considerable competition for full-time music director and composer positions. Candidates with exceptional musical talent and dedication should have the best opportunities.

Music directors and composers may experience periods without work. During these times, they may work in other occupations, give music lessons, attend auditions, or write music.

Occupational Title

SOC Code

Employment, 2019

Projected Employment, 2029

Change, 2019-29

Employment by Industry

Percent

Numeric

Music directors and composers

27-2041

58,000

59,000

2

1,000
Get data

Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program produces employment and wage estimates annually for over 800 occupations. These estimates are available for the nation as a whole, for individual states, and for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The link(s) below go to OEWS data maps for employment and wages by state and area.

Projections Central

Occupational employment projections are developed for all states by Labor Market Information (LMI) or individual state Employment Projections offices. All state projections data are available at www.projectionscentral.com. Information on this site allows projected employment growth for an occupation to be compared among states or to be compared within one state. In addition, states may produce projections for areas; there are links to each state's websites where these data may be retrieved.

CareerOneStop

CareerOneStop includes hundreds of occupational profiles with data available by state and metro area. There are links in the left-hand side menu to compare occupational employment by state and occupational wages by local area or metro area. There is also a salary info tool to search for wages by zip code.

For more information about music degree programs, visit
National Association of Schools of Music
For more information about careers in music, visit
Future of Music Coalition
O*NET
Music Directors and Composers

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Video transcript available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TflQCpu4vos. Quick Facts: Music Directors and Composers 2020 Median Pay $52,250 per year $25.12 per hour Music directors lead musical groups during performances and recording sessions. Composers write and arrange original music in a variety of musical styles. Most music directors work for religious organizations and schools, or are self-employed.

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Annual wages as of May 2021:
Music composers and directors - $49,130 (median)
Low 10% - >$24,440
High 10% - <$123,800

Top Industries:
Elementary and Secondary schools - $61,950
Performing Arts Companies - $50,150
Religious, Grant making, Civic, Professional - $48,420

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If interested in writing classical music, employers tend to go toward those who have a master's degree in conducting, music theory, or music composition. For more popular music, there are no educational requirements.
Musicians typically start their musical training at a young age through instrumental or vocal performance. Composers, depending on the style of music, can get additional training through camps, classes and performance opportunities.

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Music composers write and/or arrange music, usually original pieces, in different music styles for music groups (orchestras, bands, symphonies, etc.) to perform. Composers can also write lyrics or work with a lyricist, meet with music groups who want to commission a piece, listen to music to study and gain inspiration for their music, and work with to musicians to record music. They can write for a variety of musical groups or can work in a specific style or genre (jazz, classical, operas, musicals, etc).