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Phonemic awareness is the ability to recognize and manipulate the spoken parts of words, including syllables, onset–rime, and phonemes(Reading Rocket, n.d). This means that when a child hears a word, they can break it up. One example is the word "wish", which can be broken down into /w/ /i/ /sh/.

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Try these engaging activities:
• Sound sorting games
• Rhyming pairs
• Sound blending songs
For Families and even at school, children and families can put words on Legos and build words to create new ones.

This allows children to explore their versions of words and develop ways to read.

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Phonics is the relationship between letters of written language and spoken language.

Children can learn Phonics by "sounding out" words and reading them slowly so that they can become more "fluent" with the words that they are learning.

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What is Phonics, and why is it important?

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Children can learn Phonics in many ways, and this includes, but not limited to:
• Letter formation with playdough
• Sound-movement connections
• Letter hunt with magnifying glasses
• Building words with magnetic letters

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Vocabulary development is crucial for reading comprehension. Effective strategies include:
• Read-alouds
• Word walls with pictures
• Word games and songs
• Real-world connections

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There are ways a child can learn their vocabulary, which includes:

Playing games, such as "Act it Out". A parent can act out a word that is on a card, and the child can tell the parent what the word is. This can help children put a word to an action and help them recognize the word based on the action.

Reading Aloud: Parents and children can read aloud stories to provide a way for children to see what the words are and repeat the words on the page.

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Fluency is important, especially when a child knows what they are learning and understanding. They can continue with Fluency through:
• Repeated readings of words and/ or phrases (Repetition is Key!)
• Reading with a partner or parent
Always celebrate progress and know that there is always support

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"One individual may have multiple levels of comprehension ability depending upon what they are reading and why they are reading it" (Rethinking How to Promote Reading Comprehension, n.d).

Children can learn through comprehension if and when they can grasp what they are reading. It comes as a way for them to get a glimpse of what they are learning to understand while also absorbing information for later use.

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What can children do when it comes to Comprehension?

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What can children do when it comes to Comprehension?

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Children need to know what they are learning to know comprehension. With comprehension, readers understand what is going on in the text and remember what is important to learn in the classroom.

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"Whether reading aloud or silently, fluent reading is important as it allows the reader to focus their mental attention on understanding the text rather than on pronouncing the words" (Reading Fluency: A Brief History, the Importance of Supporting Processes, and the Role of Assessment,2020).

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When a child becomes fluent, whether it be in a language or in a literacy aspect, they are not stopping or "pausing" to understand what is going on. This can be due to reading at home or learning to comprehend what is going on within an environment that they are in.

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Family engagement is important for a child's development in reading. Families can:

Read aloud stories

Play, whether it is dramatic playtime or a game that helps their child comprehend a story they are reading

Give visuals for their child to see where they can learn from the story.